行为动词一般现在时的变化.docx
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行为动词一般现在时的变化.docx
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行为动词一般现在时的变化
一般现在时
表一
动词
肯定
否定
be
Iam…
Youare…
He/She/Itis…
We/You/Theyare…
Iamnot…
Youarenot…
He/She/Itisnot…
We/You/Theyarenot…
行为动词
know
I/Youknow…
He/She/Itknows…
We/You/Theyknow…
I/Youdonotknow…
He/She/Itdoesnotknows…
We/You/Theydonotknow…
表二
动词
一般疑问
简略回答
be
Areyou…?
Ishe…?
Arethey…?
Yes,Iam.
No,Iamnot.
Yes,weare.
No,wearenot.
Yes,heis.
No,heisnot.
Yes,theyare.
No,theyarenot.
行为动词
know
Doyouknow…?
Doesheknow…?
Dotheyknow…?
Yes,Ido.
No,Idonot.
Yes,wedo.
No,wedonot.
Yes,hedoes.
No,hedoesnot.
Yes,theydo.
No,theydon’t.
注:
简略式:
isnot=isn’t;arenot=aren’tdonot=don’tdoesnot=doesn’t但amnot无简略式,不能写成amn’t
二、动词遇到单数第三人称时的表示方法
一般现在时的句型
1.肯定句构成:
主语+动词(注意人称变化)+其它成分
Ihaveadog.Welikethelittlecat.Shesingswell.
2.否定句构成:
行为动词的否定句:
主语+助动词(do/does)+not+动词原形+其它成分
Hedosen'thaveadog.Heisn'tyoung.Wedon'tlikethelittlecat.
(借助于助动词do)Shedoesn'tsingwell.(借助于助动词does)
3.一般疑问句:
A.行为动词的一般疑问句:
助动词(do/does)+主语+动词原形+其它成分
Doyoulikeit?
Yes,Ido./No.Idon't.Doeshe(she)/itlikeit?
Yes,he(she)does./No,he(she)doesn't.
Dothey/welikeplayingbasketball?
Yes,they/wedo.No,they/wedon’t.
B.动词BE的一般疑问句Am/Is/Are+主语+其它成分
AreyouateacherYes,Iam./No,Iamnot.
Aretheystudentsofyourschool.Yestheyare/Notheyaren,t.
4.特殊疑问句:
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
Whatdoyoulike?
Whatdoyoudo?
Howoldareyou?
Whereareyoufrom?
Whatclassareyouin?
Howdoyouspellit?
_这里所说的行为动词,指的是除be动词、情态动词和助动词之外的全部动词。
难点
1:
主语不是第三人称单数的句子,肯定句:
主+动词+宾语;否定句:
主+don’t+动词+宾语;疑问句:
Do+主+动词+宾语?
Yes,I/they/wedo.No,I/they/wedon’t 难点
2:
如果主语是单数第三人称,情况比较复杂.肯定句:
主+动词(s)+宾语;否定句:
主+doesn’t+动词+宾语; 疑问句:
Does+主+动词+宾语?
Yes,she,he/itdoes.No,she/he/itdoesn’t/ 难点
3:
当主语为第三人称单数he,she,it时,词形有变化:
通常有三种变化:
1、多数在动词后加s 如play—plays like—likes,read-readssing-singsdance-danceslook-looks
2、以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的动词加es go—goes watch-watchesdo-does
3、以辅音字母加y结尾,把y改i再加es study—studies (这种变化与名词的单数变复数有点相像)
那么,什么情况下用行为动词的一般现在时呢?
当这个动作经常发生或表示习惯性的动作时,通常用一般现在时,它经常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如,当句子中有everyday,everyyear,onSunday,inthemorning,often,sometimes,usually,atoneo’clock,等词时,用一般现在时。
轻松击破:
只要记住下面的顺口溜,什么时候在动词后加S就易如反掌了。
我老大,你老二,他,她,它是老三;我们,你们和他们,能量可是不简单。
只有老三能量低,加个S保平安。
不过不要太贪婪,does加上S减,这样一来才安全.一写出
在一般现在时中,当主语是单数第三人称时,行为动词的形式是在词尾加-s或–es具体方法如下:
1.一般情况下,直接加-s
eg.works,plays,rains,sees
2.以sh,ch,s,x或o结尾的词后加–es
eg.washes,teaches,fixes,does,goes
3.以辅音字母加-y结尾的,先把‘y’改成‘i’,再加-es
eg.studies,flies,carries
注意:
动词加-s以后的读音.
动词加-s后的读音
1.在[p][t][k][f]等清辅音后,发清辅音/s/
eg.helps,works,likes,hates,laughs
2.在浊辅音和元音后,发浊辅音/z/
eg.drives,cleans,plays
3.在[s][z][∫][t∫][[dʒ]后,发/iz/
rises,wishes,teaches,urges
4.在[t][d]后,发/ts//dz/
eg.fits,sets,needs
5.其他情况下发[z]
eg.plans,cries,shows
三、一般现在时的用法:
1、表示经常、反复发生的动作,现存的习惯或状态。
常与often,always,usually,everyday,sometimes,never,onceaday,seldom等时间状语连用。
例如:
Iamateacher.
WeareChinese.
Shegoestoworkeveryday.
Healwayshelpsothers.
2、表示客观事实或普遍真理。
例如:
Therearesevendaysinaweek.
Theearthgoesroundthesun.
Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.
Thewaterboilsat100℃.
Actionsspeakslouderthanwords.行动胜于言辞。
(谚语)
3、在连词when,before,if,assoonas,until等引导的表示将来的行为的状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来的动作。
例如;
Ifitisfinetomorrow,we’llhaveafootballmatch.
I’llringyouupbeforeIleavetheoffice.
WhenIfinishmyhomework,I’lltellyouastory.
4、表示安排或计划好的未来的动作,只限于go,come,leave,start,stay,return,arrive,begin,be等动词。
例如:
Mytrainleavesat6:
30thismorning.-
Howlongdoyoustayhere?
Westartat8tomorrowmorningforBeijing.
5、表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。
Tomstudiesveryhard.
Sheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.
ImajorinEnglish.
6、一般现在时还可用在戏剧,电影的剧本解说,体育比赛的解说以及图片的说明等场合。
Tomcarriestheballtotheleft.
汤姆把球带到左方。
Thepictureshowsushowtheybuiltthemotorwaylastyear.
这张照片给我们展示了他们去年如何建设高速公路。
1.经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用.如:
everyyear,sometimes,at5o'clock,onSunday.
Igetupatsixo'clockeveryday.
Hegetsupatsixo'clockeveryday.
Shesmokestoomuch.
Itelephonetomyparentsonceaweek.
2.表达客观真理,科学事实.如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时.
Threeandfourmakesseven.
Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.
ShenyangliesinthenorthofChina.
3.在格言或名言警句中.
Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄必败.
Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.事实用于雄辩.
4.表示现在的状态,性格,个性.
Idon'twantmore,thanks.
Heisagoodstudent.Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.
一般现在时表将来
1.含有go,come,return,arrive,leave,start,begin等动词的一般现在时表将来.表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情.
Theschoolbusleavesateight.
2.在时间或条件句中.
WhenTomcomes,askhimhowtofixthetap.
I'llhelpyouassoonasIarrivethere.
3.在动词hope,takecarethat,makesurethat等后.
Ihopeshehasagoodtime.
Beforeyouleavetheroom,pleasemakesurethatthedoorisclosed.
4.时间状语从句,条件句中,从句中(常含有till,once,assoonas,
when,while,before,after,solongas,bythetime,if,incase,
unless,evenif,whether,themoment,theminute)
Eg.AssoonasIgetthere,Iwilldealwiththismatter.
Whetherheishappyisanimportantthingtoher.
5.倒装句,表示动作正在进行
Herecomestheteacher!
=Theteacheriscoming.
Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.
Herecomesthecar.=Thecariscoming.
一般现在时表过去
1."书上","报纸上"的叙述.
Thenewspapersaysthatthepresidentwillretirenextmonth.
2.叙述往事,使其生动.
Napoleon'sarmynowadvancesandthegreatbattlebegins.
一般现在时表完成
1.动词用一般现在时代替完成时:
hear,tell,learn,write,understand,forget,know,find,say,remember.
Eg.Ihear(=haveheard)hewillgotoParis.
Iforget(=haveforgotten)howtoreadtheword.
2.句型"Itis…since…"="Ithasbeen…since…"
Itis(=hasbeen)fiveyearssincewelastmet.
一般现在时表进行
1.句型:
Herecomes…;Theregoes…
Eg:
Look,herecomesMr.Brown.
六.注意事项
1.在英国,人们常用havegot代替have,特别在疑问句和否定句中.
2.当have如果不表示"有"时,构成疑问或否定句时,就借助于助动词do,does,don't或者doesn't.
一般现在时态练习题
1.work__works________read__reads________clean__cleans________write__writes________
2.teach_teaches_________wash___washes_______guess__guesses________watch_watches_________
3.go__goes________do__does_________
4.study__studies________fly___fiies_______cry___cries_______play__plays________
5.have__has________
1.第三人称单数:
wash_________match_______guess______study______finish_________go________snow______carry_________
2.写出下列动词的一般现在式:
stop______see________drive________let_______carry______keep_____join______find_______think________teach______catch______
3.写出下列动词的现在分词形式:
stay_______begin______forget_______forget______lie________ die_______run_______prefer______give________ ring_______dance______hope_______
一、写出下列动词第三人称单数的变化形式;
Behavecomegostayteachwritetakestudywatchflyplay
二、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空;
1.Thebusesuse(use)alotofoil.
2.Eachofushas(have)strongpointsandweakpoints.
3.Mydaughterwatches(watch)TVeveryday.Sometimesshe(see)afilmonSunday.
4.LiWeihas(have)adaughter.Shestays___inanursery.
5.Hermotherteaches(teach)Englishatamiddleschool.
6.Jackoftenlistens(listen)totheradio.
.Hesays(say)thatProf.Liissaytired.
三、将下列句子变成否定式和一般疑问式并做可定否定回答:
1.Wegotoeveningschoolatnight.
2.Mybrotherworksinaradiofactory.
3.HernameisMeiLing.
4.Youhavearedpencilyou.
5.Shehaslunchathome.
6.Wehaveameetingonceaweek.
四、单向选择
1.TheBrowns____c____anicecarandBrown'sbrother________anicejeep.
A.have/have B.has/has C.have/has D.has/have
2.Iftheirhouse__b___notlikeours,what________itlooklike?
A.is/is B.is/does C.does/does D.does/is
3.-____a____youthinkhewillcome?
-Ifit________tomorrow,hewillnotcome.
A.Do/rainsB.Are/rains C.Do/willrainD.Are/willrain
4.Thelittlechild____c____notevenknowthatthemoon________aroundtheearth.
A.do/move B.do/moves C.does/moves D.did/moved
5.Manyastudent________fondoffilms,butagoodstudentseldom________tothecinema
A.are/goes B.is/goes C.are/go D.is/go
()6.__a___youhaveabook
A.DoB.AreC.IsD.Have
()7.They___c______onafarm.
A.workingB.isworkC.workD.isworked
()8.DoesPeterliketowatchTV
___b_______.
A.Yes,helikeB.No,hedoesn'tC.Yes,he'dlikeD.No,helikes
()9.Shedoesn't___d_______herhomeworkintheafternoon.
A.doingB.todoC.doesD.do
()10.How_______c_____Mr.Brown___________toAmerica
A.do,goB.is,goC.does,goD.does,goes
()11.Where'smycameraI______c______it.
A.amnotfindingB.amnotseeingC.can'tfindD.can'tlookat
()12.How____d_______hegotowork
He___________toworkbybike.
A.does;goB.do;goesC.do;goD.does;goes
()13.__c____youusuallylateforschool
No,_____________.
A.Do;IamB.Does;notC.Are;I'mnotD.Are;Iaren't
()14.__b___she_____homeatsixeveryday
A.Is,leaveB.Does,leaveC.Is,leavesD.Does,left
()15.Mr.Yang_____a_______Englishthisterm.
A.teachesourB.teachesusC.teachsusD.teachour
1.Igo(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.
2.Mikedoes(do)hishomeworkateightintheevening.
3.Hisfatheroftenreads(read)booksinthelibraryonSaturday.
4.Mymotherusuallywatches(watch)TVplaysathome.
5.Mycousinsometimesplays(play)cardswithme.
6.doyouoftenstudy(study)afterschool?
Yes,Ido.
7.MikeandTomusuallyflies(fly)kitesonSunday.
8.Theygo(go)toschool
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