高考专项突破英语.docx

高考专项突破英语.docx

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高考专项突破英语

高考专项突破

———七选五

一、学情分析：

按《考试说明》的要求，七选五题型“主要考察考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握”，体现了《新课标》“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力，逐步获取用英语思维的能力”的概念。

既像完形填空，又像阅读理解，考理解，还考甄别，考知识，更考能力。

而且，好端端的文章被挖出5个空缺，破坏了文章的完整性。

极大影响了对文章逻辑思路和要点的迅速把握，所以学生们读完整篇文章后经常会一头雾水、不得要领。

二、教学目标：

1、知识目标：

学生了解七选五题型的基本类型

2、能力目标：

通过练习，掌握七选五题型的基本解题技巧。

3、情感目标：

通过pairwork,groupwork的形式讨论共同完成练习，增强合作意识；通过阅读材料，增强学习的技巧意识和策略意识。

三、教学难重点：

1、根据keywords及空白处在文章中的位置快速锁定正确选项。

2、重点掌握七选五的结构与七选五的答题技巧。

四、教学步骤：

Step1：

有的放矢

（a）描述性结构（主要介绍事物、问题或倾向的特点，对人物的描述如传记，包括人身体特征、家庭背景、成长过程、个性爱好、成就贡献等内容进行描述，因此时间、地点往往是出题重点）

　　（b）释义性结构（解释某一理论、学科、事物，主要用例子比喻类比阐述）

　　（c）比较性结构（把两个人或事物功能、特点、优缺点进行对比）

　　（d）原因性结构（这种结构主要分析事物的成因，客观的、主观的、直接的、间接的）

　　（e）驳斥性结构（这种结构主要是先介绍一种观点，然后对其评论或驳斥，然后分析其优点缺点、危害性、最后阐明自己的观点）

Step2：

知己知彼

观察范例，思考：

七选五出题的位置。

　　（a）句子的________,__________,____________

例题1：

Activelisteningisanessentialskillinlearning.Itiswhenyoulistencarefullytomakesureyouunderstandandlearntheinformationthatisbeingconveyed.71Herearesomethingswhichcanhelpyoutolistenactively.

●Listenforthemainpointandmajorsubpoints.72Listencarefullyandmakesureyouunderstandthepurposeofthelectureis.Asyoutakedownnotes,keepthemainpointinmindandmakesureyouunderstandhowthesenotesarerelated.

●Listenforanorganizationalstructure.Listencarefullytofigureouthowtheideasareorganizedandtheywillmakemoresense.

●Payattentiontoorganizationalcues.73Paycloseattentiontotheintroduction,asitwillprobablyindicatehowyoushouldorganizeyournotes.Ifthelecturebeginswith,“TodayI’mgoingtotalkaboutthreeethicconflictsintheMiddleEast,”thenyouhaveagoodideaofwhat’sgoingtofollow.Listenfor“signpost”wordstoindicateatransitionforonepointtothenext,suchas“next”and“finally”andnumericalsignpostslike“first”or“third”.

●Listenwithyoureyes.74Watchtheteacherandbeawareofhowheorsheuseshandgestures,eyecontactandotherbodylanguagetoconveypoints.

●Removedistractions.Putawaythecampusnewspaper,yourcellphone

andanythingelsethatmightbemoreinterestingthanthelecturer.

Learningtoconcentrateandlistenactivelyisanenduranceskill.75

A.Speakerscommunicateinformationthroughnonverbalcommunication.

B.Unfortunately,manystudentsdon’tknowhowtolistenactivelywhentheyattendclasses.

C.Ifyourteacherindicatesthatsomethingisimportant,markit.

D.Makeyourselfdoit,anditwillgeteasierovertime.

E.Listencarefullyforwordsandphrasesthatreflecttheorganizationalstructureofthelecture.

F.Yourteacher’snotesareprobablyorganizedintosomekindofoutline.

G.Don’tjustwriteeverythingdown

（b）文章的_________

例题2：

_________71__________

Haveyouheardstatementslike“Ifyouloveme,youwoulddothisforme”or“Youshouldbeashamedofyourself?

”Statementsliketheseareusedbypeopletomakeyoufeelguiltybecauseyouhavemadeamistakeanddisappointedsomeone,orifsomeonewantsinfavorofyou.

Guiltyisadestructiveemotionthatisawasteoftime,72Toovercomeguiltfromyoulife,usethefollowingsteps:

1.Knowthepastcan’tbechanged.

Whateverhappenedorwhateveryoudidinthepast,youcan’tremoveorchangeitbyfeelingguilty.Ifyoucryandshout,youwillnotmakethepastdifferent.Itisbetternottoconcentrateonthepresent.73

2.74

Ifyouhurtsomeonewhilenotmeaningit,apologizeforwhatyousaidordoneandthenforgiveyourself.Whathappenedinthepastwillteachyoualesson,soyouwon’trepeatitagain,butitisimportanttoforgiveyourself.

3Letthepeopleyoudealwithknowyouarenoteasytofeelguilty.

Ifyourbossgivesyouahandtimebecauseyoudon’tworkovertimeandstartssayingthatthereisnomoneyawardforyouto“Thatisperfectlyfine.Iwillgettheawardnexttime.”

75Don’tdenyguiltorrunawayfromit.Analyzeitanddealwithit.Nomatterhowmuchtimeyouspendfeelingguilty,youarenotgoingtobeabletochangeit.

A.Youhavetofaceguilttoovercomeit.

B.Trytolearnfromyourexperience.

C.Dosomethingusefultoimproveyourlifeandyourfuture.

D.Don’tletanyonemakeyoufeelguilty.

E.Soyoushouldlearntoremoveguilt.

F.Someonehasdisappointedyou.

G.Itisimportanttoapologize.

Step3：

“12字口诀”闯难关

1.走马观花

先把整篇文章大致浏览一遍，重点看首尾段。

文章的结构无外乎“总分总”、“总分”、“分总”，首尾段中总有一个是“总”。

它对摸清全文脉络、把握全文主旨至关重要，一定要咬牙坚持通读全篇，特别是平时训练中要养成这个习惯。

2.草船借箭

草船，即我们需填的空白；箭，即解决此空白的上下文线索。

怎样草船借箭呢？

就是从已知探究未知。

下面是一些简单可行的方法：

（1）从意思上判断

（2）从特征词上判断（3）从关联词上判断

a）并列于递进关系：

and,oralso,neither…nor…,either…or…,likewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswellas,thesameas,besides,additionally,furthermore,moreover,inaddition,whatismore,firstly,secondly

b）因果关系：

because,for,since,as,thus,therefore,so,so…that,dueto,thanksto,asaresult,becauseof,inthat,forthisreason,ofcourse

c）转折让步关系：

but,however,yet,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,unfortunately,while,whereas,unlike,ratherthan,insteadof,although,though,eventhough,evenif,nevertheless,despite,inspiteof

d）结论概括关系：

therefore,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword,inall,finally

e）例证关系：

forexample,suchas,forinstance,namely

3.木已成舟

经过前两遍的阅读，多数空应该已经搞定。

下面要做的就是再精雕细琢一番。

重新阅读原文，重点是刚才没做出的或不确定的空，排除掉已被选中的答案，将剩余的答案带入不确定处，用上文说的方法依次对比，选出最佳。

切记：

所有空已填入的情况下，将全文通读一遍，看文章从内容上是否连贯合理，从结构上是否通顺连贯、一致、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式及用语是否恰当贴切。

Step4：

牛刀小试：

例题3（GroupA）

TipsonBuildingSelf-Confidence

Self-confidenceisakeyskillforeverygoalyouwanttoaccomplish.Self-confidencemeansthatyouknowswhoyouareandwhatyou’regoodatandthatyoucanhandlestressandgenerallyperformunderpressure.Ifyoufeellikeyoudon’thaveenoughself-confidence,youprobablydon’t,soyoushouldalwaystrytoincreaseyourconfidencebyfollowingafewday-to-daytips.

1.Exercise.

Exerciseregularly,betweenthreeandfivetimesaweek.Thisboostsyourselfconfidenceinavarietyofways.71Second,theendorphins（内啡呔）youreleasewhileexercisingmakeyoufeelbetteraboutyourself.Finally,settingexercisegoalsandachievingthosegoalsimprovesyourself-confidencebyshowingyourselfexactlywhatyourbodyiscapableofdoing.

2.72

Youcanboostyourself-confidencebyachievingmore.Sowheneveryouhaveaproject,presentationoranyothereventthatwillshowcaseyourskills,putalotofeffortintopreparingforit.Ratherthantellingyourselfhowgoodyouare,showyourselfthroughyouractions.

3.SelfFocus.

73Ifsomeonesayssomethingunkindtoyou,choosenottoletitaffectyou.Thisgivesyoupoweroveryourselfratherthangivingittootherpeople,anditboostsyourself-confidence.Itmaybedifficultatfirst,butonceyourealizethatotherpeoples’wordsandopinionsaremeaningless,youstarttofeelmoreself-confident.74

4.FakeIt.Actconfident.

Thiscanbetricky,especiallyifyouhaveverylowself-confidence.75Itdoesn’thavetobealoneconversation.Onceyourealizethatthestrangerislikelytoforgetaboutyouwithin10minutes,yourself-confidencestartstodevelop.

A.Preparation.

B.Don’tbeafraidoffailures.

C.Trytalkingtoonestranger.

D.Focusonyourselfratherthanotherpeople.

E.Forone,you’llfeelbetteraboutthewayyoulook.

F.Again,thisisamatterofshowingratherthantelling.

G.Self-confidenceisanimportantkeytosuccessinanywalkoflife.

例题4（GroupB）

________71________

Self-worthisveryimportantinyourlife.Wemayloveothers,butweneedtolearntoloveourselves.Wehavetobelieveinwhatwedo,andfeelbetteraboutourselves.Ifyoudonothaveself-worth,youmaybegintogetdiscouraged.

Avoidnegativepeopleinyourlife.72Ifthesepeopleputyoudown,donotbelieveinyou,ortreatyoubadly,whyareyoustillaroundthem?

Ittookmeyearstorealizethisformyself,anditistrue.Negativepeoplehurtyourself-worth,andbringyoudownemotionally.Getclosertopeoplethatbelieveinyou.Ifyoudonothavethesepositivepeopleinyourlife,findasupportgroupthatcanhelpyou.73Yourself-worthcanbeincreasedgreatlywithpositiveguide.

Findemploymentorvolunteersomewhereyoufeelvalued,orcanmakeadifference.Givingtoothersbuildsyouuppersonally.Youdonothavetodothisallthetime,butonceyouseehowgooditfeelsyouwillwanttocontinue.

74Thinkaboutwhatyoucandotochangeyourfuture.Makealist

ofstepsyoucantaketoimproveyourlife.Startsettinggoalsinyourlife.Goalsgiveussomethingtofocuson,andwepushtoachievethem.Thesecanbewhatevergoalsyouwouldliketofinish,besuretheyareachievablegoals.75

Doingtheabovestepscangreatlyincreaseyourself–worth,andrememberyouareworthit.

A.Stopthinkingaboutthepastasyoucan’tchangeit.

B.Keepthesayingof“Nopain,nogain”inmind.

C.IncreaseyourSelf–WorthandFeelBetteraboutYourself.

D.BelieveYouCanBetheKingoftheWorldEvenWhenYouFail.

E.Onceyousetyourgoals,youwillstartpushingformore.

F.Thesepeoplearelikelytobelieveinusevenwhenwedonothaveconfidence.

G.Thiscouldbeyourhusband,boyfriend,otherfamilymembers,orevenfriends.

Step5：

高考练兵

（2010新课标高考英语试题）

Moneymatters

Parentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney.71Soyoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.

1.Thebasicfunctionofmoney

Beginexplainingthebasicfunctionofmoneybyshowinghowpeopletrademoneyforgoodsorservices.Itisimportanttoshowyourchildhowmoneyistradedforthethingshewantstohave.Ifhewantstohaveatoy,givehimthemoneyandlethimhandthemoneytothecashier（收银员）.72Whenyouchildgrowsabitolderandunderstandsthebasi