高考英语一轮复习课时提能练36Unit1Alandofdiversity新人教版选修8.docx

高考英语一轮复习课时提能练36Unit1Alandofdiversity新人教版选修8.docx

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高考英语一轮复习课时提能练36Unit1Alandofdiversity新人教版选修8

课时提能练（三十六）

选修8　Unit1　Alandofdiversity

课时作业A：

基础层面

Ⅰ.语境语法填空

A

Thepresidential1.election（elect）willtakeplacenextmonth,whichappealstoasmanyasfive2.applicants（apply）forcandidates.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatthecompetitionis3.apparently（apparent）morefiercethanusual.Thereareclear4.distinctions（distinct）amongtheirrulingideas.The5.majority（major）ofthevotersareinfavoroftheDemocraticcandidate.Thereisevery6.indication（indicate）thathehasmore7.thoughtful（thought）ideasaboutimprovingpeople'slivelihood.Besides,heholdsanattitudethatany8.racial（race）discriminationshouldbeforbidden.

B

Dozensofpeoplehavedied9.fromanunknowndiseaseinCongo,anAfricancountry.Childrenarein10.themajority.Hospitalshavetaken11.inhundredsofsuspectedcases.ResearchersfromUNareteaming12.upwithlocaldoctorstolookintothecauses13.bymeansofspecifictechniques.Theyareapplying14.forpermissionfromthegovernmenttomark15.outtheplaceswherethediseasemaybreakoutandprohibitthepeopletheretoleaveforotherplaces.Evidencesuggeststhatsomebadhabitsandoldpracticesthelocalresidentshavekept16.upfordecadesdoharmtotheenvironmentandthatthediseaseismostlylikelylinkedtosuchthings.

C

JacklikesexploringtheAmazoninBrazil,buthenevertakeschances;that's17.whyhehassurvivedwhilemostofhispartnershaven't.Heprefers18.tomake（make）carefulplansinadvanceratherthanriskhislifetodothingsthatareboundtofail.Lastweek,JackbegananothertriptotheAmazon.Firsthearrivedin19.whatisknownasManaus,acitywhere20.itisbelievedthatsomeplacesofinterestarewellworthavisit.ProvincePalaceisoneofthem.21.Built（build）in1874,thisbuildingusedtoserveaspoliceheadquarters.Today,itishometoseveraldifferentorganizations.Jackfeltlike22.dropping（drop）inatthisbuildingbeforehisboattourtotheAmazon.

Ⅱ.语境短文改错

根据P8课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

Georgearrivedearlyonthemorningbybus.Hewentstraighttothehotelanddroppedhisluggage,thenhewentexplore.Thefirstthingwasarideoncablecar.FromtopofthehillhegetsaspectacularviewofSanFranciscoBayandthecity.Buildingin1873,thecablecarsystemwasinventedbyAndrewHallidie.Hewaswantedtofindabetterformoftransportthanhorsedrawntrams.Apparent,hehadbeenshockedwhenhesawaterribleaccidentinthatatramslippeddownthehilldraggingthehorseswithit.Withsomanyexploring,hewasexhaustingandhadarest.

[答案]　

Georgearrivedearly

themorningbybus.Hewentstraighttothehotelanddroppedhisluggage,thenhewent

.Thefirstthingwasarideon

cablecar.Fromtopofthehillhe

aspectacularviewofSanFranciscoBayandthecity.

in1873,thecablecarsystemwasinventedbyAndrewHallidie.He

wantedtofindabetterformoftransportthanhorsedrawntrams.

，hehadbeenshockedwhenhesawaterribleaccidentin

atramslippeddownthehilldraggingthehorseswithit.Withso

exploring,hewas

andhadarest.

Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子

1．他从不放弃学习英语，那就是他最后成功的原因。

（why引导的表语从句）

HenevergaveuplearningEnglish.Thatwaswhyhewassuccessfulatlast.

2．科学家们最终到达了所谓的北极。

（what引导的宾语从句）

ThescientistsfinallyarrivedinwhatwascalledtheNorthPole．

3．与整个地球相比，最大的海洋似乎一点也不大。

（过去分词作状语）

Comparedwiththesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.

4．对我们学生而言参观长城有可能是一次难忘的经历。

（likely）

ItislikelythatavisittotheGreatWallforusstudentsisanunforgettableexperience.

5．人们认为澳大利亚的历史始于18世纪末。

（it作形式主语的主语从句）

ItisbelievedthatAustralianhistorybeganattheendofthe18thcentury.

课时作业B：

能力层面

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

（2019·济南市针对性训练）TheAmazonbasinregionishometoabout2.5millioninsectspecies，tensofthousandsofplants，andsome2，000birdsandmammals.Todate，atleast40，000plantspecies，3，000fish，1，294birds，427mammals，428amphibians，and378reptileshavebeenscientificallyclassifiedintheregion.OneinfiveofallthebirdsintheworldliveintheAmazonrainforest.

Thewarmandwetforesthasbeeninexistenceforatleast55millionyears，andthrivedevenduringglacialperiods，allowingfortheevolutionofanunbelievablediversityofspecies.Radiocarbondating（放射性碳定年法）hasrevealedtreesof10centimeterindiametertobemorethan300yearsold，andsometreesover1，000yearsold，indicatingthatuntouchedforestscanexperienceunbelievablelongevity.

ThefirsthumaninhabitantsarethoughttohavesettledintheAmazonregionabout11，200yearsago.Europeanexplorersarrivedinthe16thcentury，bringingdiseaseswhichtravelledfasterthantheexplorersthemselves，killingperhapsasmanyas90%oftheindigenousinhabitants（土著居民）．Bythelate17thcenturytheAmazonbasinwascontrolledbyPortugueseandSpanishexplorers.

TheAmazonrainforestshasbeendescribedasthelungsofourplanetbecauseofitsimportantroleinrecyclingcarbondioxideintooxygen.Butduetodeforestation（滥伐森林），rainforestsnowcoverlessthan5%oftheEarth'slandsurface，andexpertsbelievethatthisisabigcontributortoglobalclimatechange.Severedeforestationbeganinthe20thcentury，with587，000squarekilometerslostuptotheyear2000.Mostdeforestedlandisusedforgrasslandtoraisefarmanimalsandagriculture.Theadditionoftransportrouteshasledtoincreasedsettlementanddeforestation，andatthepresentrate，scientistsestimatethattheAmazonrainforestwillbereducedby40%intwodecades.

【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了亚马孙热带雨林的历史、丰富的物种以及现在所面临的危险。

1．WhyarethefiguresmentionedinParagraph1?

A．Toprovetheforestuntouched.

B．Toclassifyspeciesscientifically.

C．Toshowthediversityofspecies.

D．ToattractmoreattentiontotheAmazonregion.

C　[推理判断题。

根据第一段的内容并结合第二段第一句中的“allowingfortheevolutionofanunbelievablediversityofspecies”可推知，那些关于动植物种类的数字说明了亚马孙热带雨林的物种多样性，故选C。

]

2．WhydidmostindigenousinhabitantsintheAmazonregiondie?

A．Europeanexplorersbroughtdiseasesthere.

B．Portugueseexplorerstreatedthembadly.

C．Alotoftreeswerecutdownandburned.

D．TheygotkilledbySpanishexplorers.

A　[细节理解题。

根据第三段第二句“Europeanexplorersarrivedinthe16thcentury，bringingdiseaseswhichtravelledfasterthantheexplorersthemselves，killingperhapsasmanyas90%oftheindigenousinhabitants（土著居民）”可知，可能多达90%的亚马孙土著居民因为欧洲探险者所带来的疾病而死亡，故选A。

]

3．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheAmazonrainforest?

A．Ithasthelargestnumberofspecies.

B．Itcoversover5%ofSouthAmerica.

C．Itisbecominglargerinarea.

D．Itisbeingendangerednow.

D　[推理判断题。

根据最后一段的“atthepresentrate...intwodecades”并结合最后一段的整体内容可推知，亚马孙热带雨林遭到破坏，而且未来20年可能会减少40%，故选D。

]

4．Whatmaybeincludedinthefollowingparagraph?

A．Examplesofdestroyingforests.

B．Measurestoprotectrainforests.

C．NewsettlementsintheAmazonregion.

D．Waystostopglobalwarming.

B　[推理判断题。

根据最后一段的关键词“deforestation”可推知，亚马孙热带雨林砍伐严重，那么文章接下来自然就会论述这一问题的解决措施，故选B。

]

B

（2019·郑州市第一次质量预测）MysonSamis16andautistic（自闭症的）.There'salotgoingoninthatbeautifulandbrilliantmindofhis,butevenonagooddayhecanbeeasilyataloss.Throwinsomediagnosedanxiety,aninabilitytoreadsocialcues（提示）andanunexpectedchangetohisdailyroutine,andyouhavethewaytodealwithaverypublicbreakdown（精神崩溃）．

ItwasSam'sveryfirstdayathighschool.We'dsetupaplanforhowhe'dgethome:

I'dpickhimupoutsidetheshopnearhisschoolat3：

30pmandIbelievedthiswasaperfectplan.Unknowntome,verybadweatherwasonitswayandIwasunabletowarnhimtotakeshelter.

Withthecombinationofhisdeadphonebatteryandmydeadcarbattery,Iwasrunninglateandunabletocommunicatethattohim.Asaresult,hewasleftaloneandextremelyfrightened.Hebecameveryupsetoutsidetheshop,exactlywhereI'dtoldhimtowait.

ThiswaswhenabeautifulolderVietnameseladynotonlywenttocheckonhim,buttookhiminsidehershop,calmedhimdown,gotmyphonenumberfromhimandcalledme.

Fiveyearslaterhecontinuedtogointohershopeveryafternoon,boughtadrink,hadachatandshesenthimhomewithenoughbreadandrollstofeedasmallnation.

Samwillgraduatethisyear,andI'mincreasinglyfeelingtheneedtodropbytheshoptoletthiswonderfulladyknowthatshehassavedSam,andthatshehassavedme.I'mnotsureifIcancommunicateallofthis,butatleastIwillgettothankher.

TherearepeopleIwillnotgettothank,though—themanykindstrangerswhohavebeenthereforSam.Andbelieveme,ifyou'rewonderingifthisworldisacompletemessrightnow,I'mheretosaythatitisnot.

SoIguessthisisalovelettertothoseofyouwhohavehelpedastrangeroutofthegoodnessofyourheart.Pleaseknowyouareappreciated,andthatyourbeautifulheartandkindnessareappreciated,andperhapsunknowingly,youhavemadeagreatdifferenceinsomeone'slife.

【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了作者患有自闭症的儿子在生活中得到诸多陌生好心人的帮助，作者从此向人们表达真诚感谢。

5．WhatcanwelearnaboutSamfromthefirstparagraph?

A．Heisratherslowwithhisstudies.

B．Hecandealwithsuddenchangeswell.

C．Hehasdifficultyindealingwiththings.

D．Hetrieshardtolearnhowtoreadsocialcues.

C　[细节理解题。

根据第一段最后一句“Throwinsomediagnosedanxiety,aninabilitytoreadsocialcues（提示）andanunexpectedchangetohisdailyroutine,andyouhavethewaytodealwithaverypublicbreakdown（精神崩溃）”可知，萨姆应对日常生活有困难，故选C。

]

6．Theunderlinedpart“checkon”inParagraph4probablymeans“”．

A．discover　　　B．visit

C．recognizeD．examine

D　[词义猜测题。

根据前三段的内容可知，萨姆患有自闭症，并结合第四段可知，商店的主人，一个越南的老太太出来看了看萨姆，然后把他带到商店里，使他镇静下来，并和作者取得了联系，由此可推知，画线部分意为“查看”，与D项意思相近，故选D。

]

7．WhathappenedtoSamafterhisfirstdayathighschool?

A．Hecouldgetonwellw