低碳交通外文文献翻译.docx
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低碳交通外文文献翻译.docx
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低碳交通外文文献翻译
外文文献原文+译文
原文
Thestudyonapproachoflow-carbontransport
GeelsFW
Abstract
Sincetheindustrialrevolution200years,onlyabout20%ofthetotalpopulationindevelopedcountriesconsumestheearthhundredsofmillionsofyearstosavemorethan80%offossilenergy.Itisveryobviousconsequencesofhumanactivity,resourceisrapidlydisappearing,significantenvironmentaldegradation,especiallyglobalclimatewarming.Thesehazardstopeoplearoundtheworldareawake-upcall,leavefuturegenerationsanavailableforsurvivalandsustainabledevelopmentofenvironmentandspacebecometheconsensusoftheworld.Inthiscase,afterthe90s,theword"lowcarboneconomy"havebeenmentionedinallkindsofliterature,andgraduallygettheattentionofthepeople,andapreliminaryconsensus,low-carboncivilizationwillbethedirectionofhumandevelopment.Britainofficiallylaunchedbythegovernmentforthefirsttimetheconceptoflowcarboneconomy.
Keywords:
lowcarboneconomy;low-carbontransport;energyconservationandemissionsreduction
1Introduction
Extensiveuseofandrelyoncoalandoilis"highcarboneconomy",willbeahugeamountofCO2andSO2emissionsandothergreenhousegassuchasnitrogenoxides,andtheseresourcesarenotrenewable."lowcarboneconomy"concept,isrelativeto"highcarboneconomy",lowcarboneconomyisthroughthelessnaturalresourcesconsumptionandenvironmentalpollution,moreeconomicoutput.Theconceptof"lowcarboneconomy"haswidesocial,isaveryfrontiereconomicconcept,aimstoreducethecarbonfootprintintheprocessofhumaneconomicandsocialdevelopment.Low-carboneconomywithlowenergyconsumption,lowemissions,lowpollutionasthebasiccharacteristics,inresponsetoacarbon-basedenergyforclimatewarmingeffectasthebasicrequirements,inordertorealizetheeconomicandsocialsustainabledevelopmentasthebasicpurpose.Theessenceofthelowcarboneconomyistoimproveenergyutilizationefficiency,promoteeconomiccleandevelopment,promotetheproductsoflowcarbondevelopmentandmaintaintheglobalecologicalbalance.
2.Thedevelopmentoflowcarboneconomy
"Lowcarboneconomy"isthedirectionofthedevelopmentofhumansocietyonitsglobal,reducecarbonemissions,isallmankindcommongoalandtheduty.But"low-carboneconomy"alsodeterminesthedifferenceofthevariouscountriesandregionsshouldtake"fairandcommonbutdifferentiatedresponsibilities”.Especiallyindevelopedcountriesanddevelopingcountriesduetothedifferentstagesofdevelopment,theresponsibilitiesandobligationsarethereareobviousdifferent,thedevelopmentoflowcarboneconomyhavedifferentrequirements.Lowcarboneconomyisdrivenbythedevelopedcountries;thereisaprofoundpoliticalandeconomicbackground.Developedcountrieshavebasicallyspenthighcarboneconomystage,needsaneweconomicgrowthpoint,atthesametimehopethatthroughthedevelopmentoflowcarboneconomydevelopedcountriesincompetitionwiththedevelopingcountrieshavebeenhavetheinitiative.Indevelopedcountries,especiallyEuropeandtheUnitedStates,therefore,notonlythroughvariousmeasurestoactivelydeveloplowcarboneconomyathome,morecommittedtobuildalow-carboneconomyintheglobalsystem,hopewillbethewholeworld.Butistheresultofthegameworld,theUnitedNationsframeworkconventiononclimatechangefordevelopedcountriesasemittersofgreenhousegases,moreresponsibility,commitmentbasedonthe1990emissionsreductionofgreenhousegasemissions.Ifyoucan'tcuttask,canbuyemissionstargetsfromothercountries.Conventionsalsorequiredevelopedcountriestakethedevelopingcountriestoprovidefundsandtechnicalassistance.Thirdpartiestotheconventionin1997congresspassedtheKyotoprotocol,from2008to2012,themainindustryindevelopedcountriestogreenhousegasemissionsin1990byanaverage5.2%,onthebasisofwhichtheEuropeanUnionwill6kindsofgreenhousegasemissionsby8%,a7%cutintheUnitedStates,Japan'sby6%.ButinNovember2000intheHagueat6duringtheconferenceofthepartiesatthetimetheworld'slargestgreenhousegasemitter,largediscountsontheUnitedStatesinsistedonitsemissionreductiontargets.13thin2007theconferenceofthepartiesbythe"Baliroadmap",startedtostrengthenthefullimplementationoftheconventionofthenegotiationprocess.15th2009,theconferenceofthepartiestheCopenhagenconferencetodiscusstheKyotoprotocol,aperiodoffollow-upaftertheexpirationofcommitmentscheme.Althoughtheearth'sclimateenvironmentdeteriorationistheprimaryresponsibilityofdevelopedcountries,butasaglobalvillageresident,alsocan'tstayoutindevelopingcountries.TheUnitedNationsframeworkconventiononclimatechangedutydoesnotrequiredevelopin
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