专科英语Unit+1+课文+译文+答案.docx
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专科英语Unit+1+课文+译文+答案.docx
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专科英语Unit+1+课文+译文+答案
Unit1
Dialogue:
Shopping
Mary:
Areyoufreethisweekend?
Iwanttogoshopping[1].
Linda:
OK.Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuy?
Mary:
Nothinginparticular.Ijusthaven'tgoneshoppingforalongtime.
Linda:
Meneither.Whereshallwego?
Mary:
Whatabout[2]goingtoNuRenJie?
Therearealotofclothesstoresthere.
Linda:
OK,Ihaven'tbeentherebefore.Whendoyouwanttogo?
Mary:
Saturday,thenwecanrestonSunday.
Linda:
Wheredoyouwanttomeetup[3]?
Mary:
AttheDongzhimensubwaystation.It'snearNuRenJie.
Linda:
Alright,seeyouthen.
Wordsandexpressions:
[1]goshopping去购物,去买东西
[2]whatabout…?
[提出建议、询问消息或征求意见时用]…怎么样?
例句:
Whataboutdoingaspotofwork?
做点儿事怎么样?
。
Whataboutplayingfootballnow?
现在踢足球好吗?
Whataboutgoingshoppingwithme?
和我一起购物怎么样?
[3]meetup约见,会见。
例句:
Let'smeetupaftertheplay.
看完戏后,我们碰碰头。
Imetupwithhim/Wemetupatthesupermarket.
我们在超级市场偶然相遇。
Practice:
I.Answerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthedialogue:
1.Maryjusthasn’tgoneshoppingfor_____________.
2.MaryandLindaaregoingto_____________.
3.Thereare_____________clothesstoresthere.
4.TheyaregoingtomeetupattheDongzhimensubwaystationon_____________.
II.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformsofthefollowingwordsand
expressions:
A.meetupB.inparticularC.whataboutD.neither
1._____________thefathernorthesonisinterestedinthefilm.
2.We_____________againinSingaporelastmonth.
3.Shestressedthatpoint_____________.
4._____________havingsomebread?
Text:
Market
Amarketmaybedefinedasagroupofpeopleorfirms[1]whohavecontactwith[2]eachother[3]withthepurposeof[4]exchangingsomegoodsorservices.Theterm“market”atleast[5]involvestwoparties:
thesellersandthebuyers.
Today,withourcomplexmethodsoftransportandcommunication,itisnotnecessaryforbuyersandsellerstohavedirectcontactwitheachother,soitisbetternottothinkofamarketintermsof[6]aparticularplace.Sellersarethesuppliersofsomethingofvalue—–thesupply.Thebuyersarethedemandersofsomethingofvalue—–thedemand.Priceisdeterminedbytheinteractionofsupplyanddemand[7].
Practicallyallgoodsandserviceshaveaprice.Acarhasaprice;yourfather'slaborservicehasaprice—–hiswage,orsalary.
Werefertomarketdemandasthetotalofalltheindividualdemandsforaparticularcommodity.Byindividualdemandwemeanthequantityparticularindividualsareableandwillingtopurchaseinthemarketatvariouspricelevelsataparticularpointoftime[8].
Changesindemand(increasesordecreases)occurwithchangesinpopulation,wagerates,taxation,fashions,etc.,andmeanthatmoreorlessofaquantityisdemandedatthesameprice.(217words)
NewWords
define[di'fain] vt.定义,解释,下定义,限定,规定
purpose ['pə:
pəs] n.目的,意向,决心,意义,论题vt.意欲,企图,计划
term [tə:
m] n.术语,名词,期限,学期,任期,条款
involve [in'vɔlv] vt.包缠;使卷入,使陷入;使专注;必须包括;包围
complex ['kɔmpleks] n.合成物,情结,复杂a.复杂的,合成的
method ['meθəd] n.方法,方式,教学法
transport [træns'pɔ:
t] n.传送器,运输vt.传送,运输
communication [kəmju:
ni'keiʃən] n.通讯,传达,传送
particular [pə'tikjulə] a.特别的,特殊的,详细的
value ['vælju:
] n.价值,重要性,价格
determine [di'tə:
min] vt.决定,决心;确定,限定,测定
interaction [intə'rækʃən] n.相互作用;干扰
wage [weidʒ] n.薪水,工资
salary ['sæləri] n.工资,薪水,薪金
refer [ri'fə:
] vt.把…称作,把…当作;把…归因于,把…归类于
individual [indi'vidjuəl] a.个人的,个体的,单独的n.个人,个体
commodity [kə'mɔditi] n.日用品,商品
population [pɔpju'leiʃən] n.人口,人口数
rate [reit] n.比率,率,速度
taxation [tæk'seiʃən] n.税收,征税,租税
fashion ['fæʃən] n.流行,时髦,时尚,时装
Notes:
[1]…maybedefinedasagroupofpeopleorfirms…可解释为一群人或一些商行…
define…as 给…下定义
Peopledefinehimasagenius.人们说他是天才。
[2]havecontactwith接触到,和…有联系
1.Wehavenocontactwitheachotheraftergraduation.
毕业之后我们彼此就没有什么联系了。
2.InDublin,Shelleyfirsthadcontactwithapoliticalmovement.
雪莱在都柏林初次接触政治运动。
意思与havecontactwith相反的是loosecontactwith(失去联系),例如:
1.TheyhadlostcontactwiththeParty.
他们和党失去了联系。
2.Thepilotlostcontactwiththecontroltower.
飞行员和指挥塔失去了联系。
[3]eachother和oneanother的区别和用法
1.一般认为eachother指两者,oneanother指三者或三者以上。
但在实际运用中,这两个短语常可互换:
Werespecteachother[oneanother].我们互相尊重(对方)。
Theseaandtheskyseemtomeltintooneanother[eachother].大海和蓝天似乎融为一体。
2.两者均有所有格:
Theyknoweachother’s[oneanother’s]weakpoints.他们都彼此了解对方的缺点。
3.eachother可折开用(each…theother),而oneanother则不能:
Wehelpedeachother.=Weeachhelpedtheother.我们互相帮助。
4.汉语的“互相”是副词,但是英语中的eachother和oneanother均为代词,因此在及物动词之后可直接用作宾语(如helpeachother);而在不及物动词之后,则要借助介词(如talktoeachother,learnfromoneanother等)。
5.这两个短语均不能用作主语:
正:
Weeachknowwhattheotherthinks.
我们彼此了解对方在想什么。
误:
Weknowwhateachother[oneanother]thinks.
正因为不能用作主语,所以用它们作宾语的句子不能改为被动语态。
[4]withthepurposeof…目的是;为了…;以…为目的
WiththepurposeofimprovingmyEnglish,IreadEnglisheverymorning.
为了提高英语,我每天早上读英语。
withthepurpose=inorderto=intentionofdoingsth.这三个短语意思相近,我们也可把上句英译为:
IreadEnglisheverymorninginordertoimprovemyEnglish.
WiththeintentionofimprovingmyEnglish,IreadEnglisheverymorning.
[5]atleast至少;起码
例句与用法:
1.Hehasbeenthereatleasttwice.
他至少去过那儿两次。
2.Ihavetomopthekitchenflooratleastonceaday.
我每天至少要把厨房地板擦洗一次。
3.Weshouldbrushourteethatleasttwiceaday.
我们每天应该至少刷两次牙。
4.Togoabroadtostudy,youshouldatleastmasterthelanguage.
要到国外读书,你最起码要掌握那种语言。
atleast和attheleast是一个意思“至少”
通常atleast用于句中,attheleast用于句首,而且后面要加逗号,例如:
There'satleast5wordsinthissentence.这个句子至少有五个词。
Attheleast,canyoubringmesomewater?
你能至少给我带些水来吗?
[6]intermsof…依据;按照;在…方面;以…措词
1.Intermsoffinance,companyAhasgreatadvantage.
从财力方面讲,甲公司有很大的优势。
2.Heoftentalksabouthisgirlfriendintermsoflove.
他经常用充满爱意的语言谈论他的女朋友。
3.Itwasabadyearforfilms,intermsofbothquantityandquality.
今年的电影无论从数量上还是质量上都说不上好。
intermsof与intermof的区别:
前者表示“按照,依据,用…词句,用...来,通过”,例如:
Itisdifficulttoexpressitintermsofscience.
要用科学的字眼来表达它是很困难的。
后者则表示“就…而言”,如:
Intermofmoney,he'squiterich,butnotintermofhappiness.
就钱来说他很富有,但就幸福来说就不然了。
[7]Priceisdeterminedbytheinteractionofsupplyanddemand.价格多少则由供求双方的相互作用决定。
bedeterminedby由…决定
1.Hisfatehasnotyetbeendetermined.
他的命运尚未决定。
2.Thegreatnessofamancanonlybedeterminedbythetesthistory.
一个人是否伟大只能通过历史的检验来决定。
[8]Byindividualdemandwemeanthequantityparticularindividualsareableandwillingtopurchaseinthemarketatvariouspricelevelsataparticularpointoftime.所谓个人需求,是指某些个人在一定时间以不同的价格在市场上能够并愿意购到的商品量。
By…mean…就…来说,指的是…
1.Bystudy,Imeanherethestudyofphilosophy.
说到学习,我这里指的是学习哲学。
2.Byconductivity,wemeantheabilitytoconductanelectriccurrent.
导电性一词,我们指的是传导电流的能力。
3.By"poor"Imeanwedonothavemuchindustryandouragricultureisunderdeveloped
说到“穷”,就是没有多少工业,农业也不发达。
(be)willingtodosth.愿意做…
1.Heisalwayswillingtohelpothers.
他总是乐于帮助别人。
2.He’squitewillingtopaythepriceIask.
他很愿意照我的要价付钱。
Practice:
I.True/falsestatements:
1)Theterm“market”referstoanareainwhichbuyersandsellersareincloseand
constantcontact. ()
2)Asweknow,amarketatleastinvolvestwoparties:
thesellersandthebuyers.
()
3)Supplierisapartythatsuppliesgoodsorservices.()
4)Priceisdecidedbytheinteractionofsupplyanddemand.()
5)Marketdemandreferstothepricethatsuppliersinthemarketarewillingtoaccept.()
II.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformofthewordgiveninthebrackets.
1)Shegaveusaclear________ofthequestion.(define)
2)He________tovisittheUnitedStates.(purpose)
3)Thesechangesinthebusiness________theinterestsofallowners.(involve)
4)The________wasfilledwithsoldiers.(transport)
5)Idon’tthinkhe________histhoughtsclearly.(communication)
6)Continentalisoneoftheworld’sbiggest________ofgrain.(supply)
7)ProfessorSmithis________interestedinthecentralnervoussystem.(particular)
8)Shecamewiththe________ofstayingonlytwoweeks.(determine)
III.Choosethebestitemtocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences:
1)Thisbooklet________thecommittee’sfunctions.
A.definesB.setsupC.allowsforD.sendsfor
2)NoonewhomAlfredhastaughtseemseverto________him.
A.becorrespondencewithB.beonspeakingtermswith
C.losecontactwithD.keeptermswith
3)Somepeoplegothroughlifewithno________atall.
A.meaningB.mistakeC.purposeD.result
4)She________heroldcarforanewmodelassoonasshehadwonthemoney.
A.exchangedB.replacedC.convertedD.interchanged
5)Ifounditveryrefreshingto________ideas________yourmother.
A.exchange…withB.keep…from
C.share…withD.contradict…of
6)ProfessorWangiscompilinganEnglish-Chinesedictionaryofchemical________.
A.termsB.expressionsC.wordsD.vocabulary
7)Theplan________thecooperationofyoungandold.
A.involvesB.containsC.keepsD.preserves
8)Thenewmayormustdealwithmany________problems.
A.superficialB.complexC.triflingD.productive
9)Braziliancoffeeisusually________byshipsbecausethiswayischeaper.
A.transportedB.transmittedC.transferredD.traded
10)Ashehadasciencedegreeandvariedexperiencein________technology,hefoundagoodjobinacommunicationsfirm.
A.engineeringB.transportationC.nursingD.printing
11)Mrs.Albertaisso________aboutherhouseworkthatservantswillnotworkforher.
A.specialB.especialC.peculiarD.particular
12)Shethoughtthepaintingwasoflittle________,sosheletmehaveitforonlyte
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