托福TPO54听力原文+题目及答案解析+PDF下载.docx
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托福TPO54听力原文+题目及答案解析+PDF下载.docx
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托福TPO54听力原文+题目及答案解析+PDF下载
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托福TPO听力54原文及题目:
STORYTHEATER_故事剧院
Listentoaconversationbetweenastudentandaprofessorofhertheater
class.
Student:
So,ProfessorBaker,aboutournextassignmentyoutalkedaboutin
class.
Professor:
Yes,thistimeyou'llbeingroupsofthree,eachofyouwill
haveachancetodirecttheothertwoinashortscenefromaplayyou'vechosen
yourself.
Student:
Right,and,well,I'vebeenreadingaboutstorytheater,and…
Professor:
Ah,storytheater,tellmeaboutwhatyou'veread.
Student:
Well,it'saformoftheaterwherefolkorfairytalesareacted
out.Itwas…eh,introduced,bythedirectorPaulSillsinthe1960s.InSills's
approach,anactorbothnarrates,andactsoutatale.So,likesomeonewill
appearonstage,andthenwillstartnarratingatale,about…sayaking,and
thenthesamepersonwillimmediatelyswitchtoandstartactingouttheroleof
theking,withnopropsorscenery.
Professor:
Sills,youknowIactuallysawhisfirststorytheaterproduction
in1968,hedidthefairytale‘thebluelight'.
Student:
Really,sowhatevergavehimtheideatoproducethat?
Professor:
Well,asyouknow,backinthelate1960s,lotsofpeopleinthe
UnitedStatesweredisillusionedwiththegovernment.Sillswasgrapplingwith
howtoproducetheaterthatwasrelevantinsuchtimes.Thenhehappenedtoread
‘thebluelight',andherealizedthatithadjustthemessagehewanted.
See,inthestory,amanhaslostallhopeasaresultoftheunfortunate
eventsinhislife,completelyturnshislifearound,withthehelpofamagical
bluelight.So,thebluelightinthestorysymbolizesawayoutofseemingly
unsolvablehumanproblems.AndforSills,thatlightsymbolizedananswertothe
politicalturmoilintheUS.
Student:
Butweren'tyou…um,audiencesbotherthattheactorswere
performingonabarestage?
Professor:
Well,storytheaterisadeparturefromtraditional
dramatictheaterwithitsrealisticelaboratepropsandscenery,butSillscould
makeussee,sayabigtallmountainthroughthefacialexpressionsandbody
movementsoftheactors,andthey'retellingofthestory.
Wewereallsweptup,energizedbysuchaninnovativeapproachtotheater,
evenifoneortwoofthecriticsweren'tasenthusiastic.
Student:
Cool,so,anyway.WhatIreallywantedtoask,I'dlovetotrydoing
storytheaterformyprojectinsteadofjustascenefromatraditional
play.
Professor:
Um,that'spossible.Ashorttalecanbeaboutthesamelengthas
asinglething.Whichfairytalewouldyoudo?
Student:
Actually,Iwasreadingaboutanotherdirectorofstorytheater,
RackStevenson.Youknow,heproducesplaysbasedonfolktalesaswell.MaybeI
coulddirectoneofthose.
Professor:
Okay,yes,RackStevenson.Now,Stevenson'sstyle'sstorytheater
isalittledifferentfromSills's.He'llusesimpleprops,achairwill
representamountain,butthesignificantdifferenceiswiththenarrator.The
narratorwillplayonlythatrole.Let'stalkaboutwhy.
题目:
1.Whydoesthestudentgotoseetheprofessor?
A.Tolearnaboutthebackgroundofadirectorwhowasdiscussedin
class
B.Toaskpermissiontouseaspecifictypeoftheaterforherclass
assignment
C.Todiscussthesymbolisminaplayshewantstouseforher
assignment
D.Tofindoutwhatscenerysheisallowedtouseinpresentingher
assignment
2.WhydoestheprofessordiscussthepoliticalenvironmentintheUnited
Statesinthe1960s?
A.Tocompareeventsatthattimetoeventsthatoccurredinoneof
Stephenson’splays
B.Tosuggestthatthewomandoadditionalresearchonthatperiodof
UnitedStateshistory
C.Topointoutwhypoliticalthemesarecommoninfolkandfairytales
D.ToexplainSills'sinspirationforhisfirststorytheatre
production
3.Accordingtotheprofessor,whatdoesthebluelightinthefairytale
called"TheBlueLight"represent?
A.Aplanthatisimpossibletofollow
B.Aconflictbetweentwoopposingforces
C.Asolutiontocomplexproblems
D.Aquestionthathasnoclearanswer
4.Whatistheprofessor'sopinionaboutSills'sproductionofTheBlue
Light?
A.Hethinksthatitwasaninventiveandpowerfulperformance.
B.Hebelievesthattheuseofsomepropswouldhaveenhancedthe
performance.
C.Hethinksthatthethemeisevenmorerelevanttodaythanitwasinthe
1960s.
D.Hebelievesthatitwaslesseffectivestylisticallythansomeof
Stephenson'splays.
5.Accordingtotheprofessor,whatisthemostimportantdifferencebetween
Stephenson'sandSills'sstyleofstorytheatre?
A.Theactorwhoplaystheroleofthenarratorplaysonlythatrolein
Stephenson'sproductions.
B.TheactorswearelaboratecostumesinStephenson'sproductions.
C.ThestagesettingsarerealisticinStephenson'sproductions.
D.PoliticalthemesareavoidedinStephenson'sproductions.
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托福TPO听力54原文+题目:
MigrationofZooplankton浮游动物的迁移
Listentopartofthelectureinthemarinebiologyclass.
Andtheseaisteamingwithtinyorganisms,buttheydon'tgetasmuch
popularattentionassay,whales.
Microscopicalgaejustaren'tasexcitingIsuppose.Andyetthoseorganisms
arethefoundationofthebulkofthemarinefoodchain.Withoutplanktonwhich
istheglobaltermforthesetinyorganisms,therewillbenowhales.
Planktonisfoundbothinfreshwaterandmarineenvironments.Againit'sa
termweuseforanysmallorganismsthatfloatalongwiththecurrent,either
becausetheyaretoosmallorweaktoswimagainstit,orbecausetheydon't
haveanycapacityatalltomovebythemselves.
Plantsandplant-likeplanktonarecalledphytoplanktonwhileanimalsand
animal-likeplanktonarecalledzooplankton.
Foroveracenturynow,researchershavebeentryingtosolvethemystery
aboutzooplankton.
Youseesomespeciesofzooplanktonmigrateare……um……notthewaybirdsdo
whentheseasonschange.Butdaily,inthephenomenonwecallDielVertical
MigrationorDVM,intheDielVerticalMigration,soleplanktonswimupnearthe
surfaceofthewaterduringthenightandswimdowntodeeperwaterduringthe
day.Dependingonthespeciesandregion,thiscanbearoundtripofbetween100
and400meters.
Foratinymicroscopicorganism,that'sahugedistance.Remembernow,
zooplanktoncan'tswimverywellandDVMrequiresalotofenergy.Sotheremust
beanimportantbenefittothesedailyup-and-downcommuting.We'renotexactly
surewhatthisbenefitis.Thoughthereareseveralcompellingtheories.
I'lltalkabouttheminamoment,butfirstIwanttotalkaboutwhatwedo
knoworratherwhatweareprettysureweknow.
SoresearchersgenerallyagreethatthestimulusforzooplanktonDVMis
light.Zooplanktontendtoswimawayfromsunlightintodeeperwaterwherethe
sun'sraysbarelypenetrate.Atnight,whenthesunnolongerilluminates
shallowerwater,zooplanktonheadbacktowardthesurface.
Nowwhywouldlightcausezooplanktontoexpendallthatenergyin
migrate?
Onepopulartheoryisthatzooplanktonarehidingduringthedayfrom
visualpredators,eh……thoseanimalsthathuntbysight,thedarknessprovides
safetyduringtheday.
Thenatnightaftermigratingupward,theyhaveanopportunitytofeedon
phytoplanktonthatfloatatthesurface.Makesense,doesn'tit?
Butwhatdowedowiththedatashowingthatmanykindsofzooplankton
don'tdivedeepenoughduringthedaytobecomeinvisibletopredatorsorthat
othersdivedeeperthanit'snecessarytoescapehunters'eyes.Andsome
zooplanktonarebioluminescent,whichmeanstheyhavespecialorgansthatligh
upandmakethemvisibleevenatgreatdepth.
Well,despiteallthese,webelievepredatoravoidanceisapossible
explanationbecauseofstudiesdoneinfreshwaterlakes.Itturnsoutthereisa
correlationbetweenthepresenceorabsenceofverticalmigration,andthe
presenceorabsenceoffishthatfindtheirpreybysight.
Butwhataresomeotherpossibleexplanations?
Someresearcherssuggestthatzooplanktonmigratetoavoidthesun's
ultra-violetlight.Thatwouldexplainwhysomezooplanktonarefoundatsuch
greatdepth.Visiblelightmaynotpenetrateveryfardown,butultra-violet
lightcan.Andweknowthatsomezooplanktonhavespecialpigmentsthatprotect
themfromthedamageultra-violetlightcancause.
Thatcouldbewhysomezooplanktonareabletostayclosertothesurface
duringdaylighthours.
Andthereisathirdtheory.
Althoughittakesalotofenergyforthezooplanktontomigrate,they
conserveenergywhilefloatingindeepercolderwater.Sowhilethey'renot
feeding,theyarequietlydigestingincoolerwater.
Butremember,zooplanktonconsistofanynumberofdifferentorganisms.From
microscopicwormstocrablarvaetotinyfish,andtheyarefoundinalarge
rangeofmarinehabitats,coldwater,warmwater,shallowwater,deepwater.
Sotheremaybedifferentreasonsfordifferentspecies.
题目:
1.Whatdoestheprofessormainlydiscuss?
A.Theimportanceofzooplanktoninthemarinefoodchain
B.Theinterdependenceoftwotypesoftinymarineorganisms
C.Aphysicalfeatureofzooplanktonthatmakesthemwelladaptedfor
swimming
D.Aphenomenonobservedinsomespeciesofzooplankton
2.Whydoestheprofessorconcludethatzooplanktonmustderiveanimportant
benef
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