语法专题四形容词副词.docx
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语法专题四形容词副词.docx
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语法专题四形容词副词
第四讲 形容词和副词
一.真题自测
【2013福建】25.TheForbiddenCityattractsa_______streamofvisitorseveryday,especiallyduringnationalholidays.
A.constantB.mainC.powerfulD.shallow
【2013福建】31.Thosepoorandneedyteenagerswereexcitedtofindashopatthecornerwheretheycouldbuy_______pricedbike.
A.competitivelyB.recentlyC.reasonablyD.affordably
【2013福建】35.Asocietycannotbesuccessfulifitthrowstraditionaway,butitcannotbesuccessful______ifwedosomethingtostopprogress.
A.eitherB.neitherC.tooD.also
【2013湖北】27.Peoplecomplainthatdecisionstoapproveordenyapermitareoften______ratherthanbasedonfixedcriteria.
A.appropriateB.consciousC.arbitraryD.controversial
【2013湖北】28.Hedidn’tselfishlykeepforhimselfthemoneyinheritedfromhisuncle.Instead,hemadea______contributiontohelpthecommunity.
A.commercialB.generousC.comparableD.profitable
【2013湖北】29.Don’tdefendhimanymore.It’sobviousthathe______destroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutapology.
A.accidentallyB.carelesslyC.deliberatelyD.clumsily
【2013江西】24.Whataterribleexperience!
________,you’resafenow------that’sthemainthing.
A.AnywayB.BesidesC.OtherwiseD.Therefore
【2013江西】26.Thereareasmallnumberofpeopleinvolved,possibly______twenty.
A.asfewasB.aslittleasC.asmanyasD.asmuchas
【2013辽宁】27.Everythingseemedtobegoing______forthefirsttwodaysafterImovedtoNewYork.
A.vividlyB.generallyC.frequentlyD.smoothly
【2013辽宁】33.Thisisbyfar______moviethatIhaveeverseen.
A.aninspiringB.amuchinspiring
C.themostinspiringD.themoreinspiring
【2013天津】3.IthinkwatchingTVeveryeveningisawasteoftime----therearemeaningfulthingstodo.
A.lessB.moreC.theleastD.themost
【2013新课标II卷】9.Itmaynotbeagreatsuggestion.Butbefore______isputforward,we’llmakedowithit.
A.agoodoneB.abetteroneC.thebestoneD.abestone
【2013新课标I卷】25.Tonycanhardlyboilanegg,stillcookdinner.
A.lessB.littleC.muchD.more
【2013浙江】2.Maryworkedhereasa____secretaryandendedupgettingafull-timejobwiththecompany.
二.考点讲义
一、概念
形容词是用来修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质状态或特征的词。
副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或其他结构的词。
二、用法
形容词在句中可以充当定语修饰名词、代词,也可作表语表示主语的状态和特征,也可作补语和状语。
副词在句中作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、从句等,也可修饰整个句子。
Whataninterestingrolesheplayedinthefilm!
NowondershehaswonanOscar.
Hisdaughterisshyinpublicandsheneverdarestomakeaspeechtothepublic.
Youdon'thavetobeangrywithhim.Hemerelywantedtoknowthetruth.
Onlywhenthewarwasoverdidtheyoungsoldierreturntohishometown.
虽然形容词、副词的用法繁多,但是高考单选中对他们的考查也是有章可循的,主要体现在以下几个方面。
1.形容词和副词在具体语境中的运用
试题中提供的四个选项均属于形式相同、意义相异的形容词或副词,做题时必须根据语境,即根据上下文的意思或逻辑等来确定选项。
SinceTomaccidentallydownloadedavirusintohiscomputer,hecannotopenthefilenow.
Itisnotsociallyacceptableforparentstoleavechildrenunattendedatthatage.
Watercanabsorbandgiveoffalotofheatwithoutbigchangesintemperature,thuscreatingastableenvironment.
2.形容词和副词与其他词的搭配
英语中有些形容词和副词与名词、动词,或另一形容词等的搭配与汉语不完全一样,在平时学习中通过运用把它们掌握好。
如“大”雨、“浓”雾中的“大、浓”,英语中用heavy;汉语中说人数“多”,英语中却用large;汉语中说睡得“香”,英语中却说soundly等。
Wedecidednottoclimbthemountainsbecauseitwasrainingheavily.
Thenumberofpeoplepresentattheconcertwasmuchsmallerthanexpected.
Thiskindofmusiciswellworthlisteningto.
3.形容词、副词比较等的用法
同级比较用“as+原级+as”,两者比较用“比较级+than”,三者或以上比较用“最高级+in(of)”。
Speakingofallthesongshehaswritten,Ithinkthisisprobablyhisbest-knownone.
Alanisacarefuldriver,buthedrivestheleastcarefullyofmyfriends.
LittleMaryplaysthepianoasbeautifullyashersister.
注意:
与比较等级有关的还有几个特殊用法需要引起我们的注意。
(1)“the+比较级……,the+比较级……”表示“越……,越……”之意,前面的句子相当于条件状语从句,一般不用将来时。
Themoreyouuseadictionary,themoreusefulyouwillfindittoyou.
Thehigheryouclimbthemountain,thelessairyoucanbreathe.
(2)“the+比较级+ofthe(两者)”表示“两者中比较……的”之意。
Whichisthebetterofthetwobooks?
Theyoungerofthebrothersismuchclever.
(3)“a+最高级”不表示“最……”,而表示“非常”。
Thisisamostdifficultlessoninthisbook.
Sheisamostmysteriousperson.
4.形容词和副词比较级和最高级的修饰语
修饰比较级可用far,even,still,alot,lots,agreatdeal,abit,rather,threetimes,any,no,verymuch等,修饰最高级可用(by)far,much,nearly,almost,notquite,bynomeans,very,second,next等。
—Areyougoingtothecinemathisevening?
—No,theticketisfartooexpensiveforus.
Thenumberofpeopleattheconcertismuchsmallerthanexpected.
Canadaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworld.
5.形容词和副词辨析
英语中有些形容词和副词意思相同或相近,有时词形相近,但用法有区别,这些词也是单选的重点。
形容词:
calm,quiet,still,silent,common,usual,regular,ordinary,likely,probable,possible
副词:
fast,quickly,rapidly,very,far,quite,rather,hardly,mostly,almost,nearly
Theywillgofishingbecausetheseaiscalm.
Thestudentswerequietwhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.
WhenIaskedherwhereshehadputthedictionary,shekeptsilent.
PleasestaystillwhenItakeaphotoofyou.
6.多个形容词的排列顺序
一个名词有多个形容词修饰时其排列顺序通常为:
描绘形容词→大小(长短高低)形容词→形状形容词→年龄(新旧)形容词→颜色形容词→国籍形容词→材料形容词→用途(类别)形容词→名词(动名词)。
Thechilddreamedthathehadoncelivedinaprettylittlewoodenhouseintheforest.
ItissaidthattenstrongyoungChinesestudentsarerequiredtotakepartintheboatrace.
7.something,anything等不定代词的修饰语
形容词用来修饰some,any,every和no构成的复合不定代词时要后置。
Thereisnothinginterestingintoday'snewspaper.
Imusthavemycarrepairedbecausethereissomethingwrongwithit.
8.以a开头的形容词
afraid,asleep,awake,alive,aware,alike,ashamed等形容词通常在句中作表语和补语。
Areyouawarethatyouaresittingonmyhat?
Thewitchputtheprincessunderaspell,andshefellasleepfortenyears.
Whenthemotherwentintotheroom,shefoundthebabyawake.
9.副词enough的位置
enough修饰形容词和副词时要后置。
Heisoldenoughtosupporthimself.
Sorry.Youdidn'tsayitclearlyenough.
10.有-ly与无-ly的副词
有些单词本身是副词,加上-ly后同样是副词。
一般无ly的副词表示具体的含义,而有ly的副词表示抽象的含义。
close意思是“近”;closely意思是“仔细地”。
late意思是“晚”;lately意思是“最近”。
deep意思是“深”,表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,“深深地”。
high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much。
wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是“广泛地;在许多地方”。
二.考点强化
【2012全国卷II】⒔Nexttobiology,Ilikephysics___.
A.betterB.bestC.thebetterD.verywell
【2012安徽】23.Interestisastolearningastheabilitytounderstand,evenmoreso.
A.vitalB.availableC.specificD.similar
【2012湖北】27.Canyoutellthedifferencebetweenthewords"require"
and"request"?
Isometimesgetpuzzledbytheirmeanings.
A.dramaticB.regionalC.apparentD.subtle
【2012湖北】28.Whetherthebuildingsinthisareashouldbepulleddownhas
remainedpeoplearestilllookingforotherpossiblesolutions
A.unchallengedBrelevantC.controversialD.contradictory
【2012全国】26.Theresultisnotveryimportanttous,butifwedowin,thenso
much______.
A.thebestB.best
C.betterD.thebetter
【2012全国】29.Thisrestaurantwasn't_thatotherrestaurantwewentto.
A.halfasgoodasB.ashalfgoodas
C.asgoodashalfD.goodashalfas
【2012北京】28.Manypeoplehavedonatedthattypeofblood;however,thebloodbankneeds_____.
A.someB.lessC.muchD.more
【2012福建】32.–CanyoulendmethebookGonewiththeWind?
--Sorry.Ireturnedittothelibraryjustnow.Maybeitisstill_____.
A.availableB.affordableC.acceptableD.valuable
【2012山东】33.Be_____—youcan’texpectmetofinishallthisworkinsolittletime.
A.reasonableB.confidentC.creativeD.grateful
【2012天津】10.Thesecretaryarrangeda(n)______timeandplacefortheapplicantstohaveaninterview.
A.importantB.spareC.publicD.convenient
【2012浙江】10.Theresearchlacks______evidence,andtherefore,itsconclusionaredoubtful.
A.solidB.fierceC.severeD.Potential
【2012安徽】34.QueenElizabethⅡisoftentoberichestwomanintheworld.,herpersonalwealthseemsrathersmall.
A.BesidesB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Altogether
【2012湖北】26."PerhapsweneedtosendforDr.Smithtosecwhatwecandoaboutit,"Fathersuggested_tohisneighborwhohadcometodiscusstheproblem.
A.tentativelyB.thoughtlesslyC.definitelyD.rudely
【2012福建】27.Anyone,whetherheisanofficialorabusdriver,shouldbe______respected.
A.especiallyB.equallyC.naturallyD.normally
【2012湖南】24.Bicyclingisgoodexercise;____itdoesnotpollutetheair.
A.neverthelessB.besidesC.otherwiseD.therefore
【2012天津】4.Thedogmaybeagoodcompanionfortheold.____,theneedtotakeitforwalksmaybeadisadvantage.
A.BesidesB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Instead
【2012江西】34.Heseemstobegivingtheimpressionthathedidn’tenjoyhimselfinParis.______,hehadawonderfultime.
A.AboveallB.What’smoreC.AsaresultD.Onthecontrary
【2012辽宁】22.Weusedtoseeeachother_____,buthaven’theardfromhimsincelastyear.
A.especiallyB.regularlyC.particularlyD.approximately
【2012四川】7.Thehotelisalmostfinished,butit_____needsoneortwoweekstogetreadyforguests.
A.onlyB.alsoC.evenD.still
【2012四川】16.Imake$2,000aweek,60surelywon’tmake______differencetome.
A.thatabigB.athatbigC.bigathatD.thatbiga
【2012浙江】14.Brownsaidhewasbynomeansannoyed;______hewasgladtobeabletomakehimselfclearlyunderstood.
A.allinallB.foronethingC.onthecontraryD.bythelaw
【2012浙江】18.Mikewasusuallysocareful,______thistimehemadeasmallmistake.
A.yetB.stillC.evenD.thus
2011形容词
1.(2011·江西卷)24.-----Thefilmis,Ihavetosay,notabitinteresting.
------Why?
It’s______thanthefilmsIhaveeverseen.
A.farmoreinterestingB.muchlessinteresting
C.nomoreinterestingD.anylessinteresting
2.(2011·四川卷)12.—HowareyourrecenttriptoSichuan?
—I’veneverhadonebefore.
A.apleasantB.amorepl
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