中级钳工基础知识Basic knowledge of intermediate locksmith.docx
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中级钳工基础知识Basic knowledge of intermediate locksmith.docx
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中级钳工基础知识Basicknowledgeofintermediatelocksmith
中级钳工基础知识(Basicknowledgeofintermediatelocksmith)
Basicknowledgeofintermediatelocksmith
1.fitter:
fitterismainlymanualprocessingmethodofcutting.
2.,therearethreeadvantages:
flexibleprocessing,machiningcomplexshapesandhigh-precisionparts,smallinvestment
Twomajorshortcomings(lowproductivityandlaborintensity,unstablequalityofprocessing).
(1)flexibleprocessing,inthecaseofnotsuitableformechanicalprocessing,especiallyinthemaintenanceofmachineryandequipment,fitterprocessingcanachievesatisfactoryresults.
(2)processingcomplicatedshapeandhighprecisionpartscanbeprocessedbyskilledfitterthanmodernmachiningpartsandprecisionandfinishpartscanbeprocessedevenmodernmachinescannotprocessverycomplicatedshapeparts,suchashighprecisionmeasuringtools,sampleplate,atthebeginningofthecomplexdieetc..
(3)investmentinsmallfittertoolsandequipment,lowprice,easytocarry.
(4)productionefficiencyislowandlaborintensityisgreat
(5)thequalityofprocessingisunstableandthequalityofprocessingisaffectedbytheleveloftechnicalproficiencyofworkers.
Fitterskillrequirementtostrengthenthebasicskillspractice,strictrequirements,standardizedoperation,practicethinking,diligentandinnovative.
Basicskillsisthefoundationfortheproduction,butalsotheprofessionalskillsoffitterfoundation,therefore,mustfirstmaster,toworkinthefuturewillbehandy.
Fitterbasicoperationoflargeprojects,theskillsoflearningandmasteringwithinterdependentrelationship,sowemuststepbystep,fromeasytodifficult,fromsimpletocomplex,stepbysteponeveryoperationaccordingtotherequirementsofgoodlearning,master.Thebasicoperationisacombinationoftechnicalknowledge,skillandstrength,cannotneglectanyone.Toconsciouslyabidebydiscipline,musthavethespiritofhard-working,strictlyinaccordancewiththerequirementsofeachtypeofoperation.Onlyinthiswaycanthebasictrainingbewellcompleted.
Fitteristhemainhandtooltoclamptheworkpieceonthebenchvice.Itisoneoftheimportantjobsinthemechanicalmanufacture.Thebasicoperationofafittercanbedividedinto:
1.auxiliaryoperationthatistheline,itisbasedonthedrawingsintheroughorsemi-finishedworkontheboundariesofprocessing.
2.chiselcuttingoperationofcutting,sawing,cutting,thread,threadsets.Drilling(reaming,reaming),scrapingandgrinding,andotheroperations.
3.assemblyoperations,thatis,assembly,thepartsorcomponentsaccordingtothetechnicalrequirementsoftheassemblyofthemachineassemblyprocess.
4.maintainabilityoperation,i.e.maintenance,maintenance,inspectionandrepairofmachineryandequipmentinservice.
Two,thescopeoftheworkandtheroleofthemachineinthemanufactureandmaintenance
1.ordinaryfitterworkingrange
(1)beforeprocessingthepreparatorywork,suchascleaninguptheblank,roughorsemi-finishedworkontheline;
(2)repairprocessingofsingleparts;(3)theassemblyofpartswhendrilling,reaming,tappingthreadsandthreadsets;(4)precisionpartsprocessing.Suchasscrapingorgrindingmachine,measuringtoolsandtoolfixtureandmoldsurfacewithfineprocessingetc..(5)fittingandtrimmingofpartsduringassembly;(6)assembly,testrun,adjustmentandmaintenanceofmachines.
2.theroleoffitterinmechanicalmanufactureandmaintenance
Fitterisamorecomplex,subtle,hightechnologyrequirementsofthework.Atpresent,althoughthereareavarietyofadvancedprocessingmethods,butfittertoolsusedsimple,diversifiedprocessing,flexible,easytooperateandadapttoawiderangeoffeatures,therearemanyworkstillneedtobecompletedbythefitter.Asmentionedearlier,fitterapplicationareaswork.Therefore,fitterinthemachinerymanufacturingandmechanicalmaintenancehasaspecialandcannotbereplacedrole.Butfitterlaborintensity,lowproductionefficiency,higherleveloftechnicalrequirementsofworkers.
Three、benchandvice
1.fitterworktable
Referredtoaspliers,usuallymadeofhardwoodorsteel,requiresasolidandsmooth,tableheightofabout800to900mm,thetablewithviceandprotectivenets.
2.jawvice
Viceisusedtoclamptheworkpiece,itsspecificationstothewidthofthejawtoindicate,commonlyusedin100,125,three,150mm,shouldbenotedwhenusingvice:
(1)theworkpieceisclampedinthemiddleofthejawasfaraspossibletomakethejawforceevenly;
(2)theworkpieceafterclampingshouldbestableandreliable,easytoprocess,andnodeformationoccurs;
(3)toclamptheworkpiece,areonlyallowedonhandspowertopullthehandle,cannotusehammerhandleoracasuallongtubetohandle,screw,nutorclampbodysoastoavoiddamage.(4)donotdothepercussionworkonthesmoothsurfaceofthemovableclamp,soasnottoreducethematchingperformance;(5)thedirectionoftheforceshouldbedirectedtowardsthefixedclampwhenmachining.
Tappingthread,sleevethreadanditsnotice
Commonlyusedintheanglethreadworkpiece,itsthreadinadditiontomechanicalprocessing,butalsocanbeusedinpliersprocessingmethodoftappingthreadandscrewthreadtoobtain.Tapping(ortapping)isprocessedwithinternalscrewtapcircularcylinderintheworkpiece;thethreadsets(orsetofwire,buckle)isusedinmachiningdiecylindricalrodouterthread.
First,tappingthread
1.tapsandhinges
(1)tap
Tapisakindofformingtoolusedtoprocesssmalldiameterinternalthread.Itismadeofalloytoolsteel9SiGrandismadebyheattreatment.UsuallyM6~M24tapasetoftwobranches,two,saidthenosecone;M6andM24overasetofthreebranches,namely,thetwoandthreeconeconecone.
Eachtaphasaworkingpartandashank.Theworkpartiscomposedofacuttingpartandacalibrationpart.Thereareseveral(usuallythreeorfour)groovesintheaxialdirectionthatformafewblades(cuttingedges)andfrontangles.Acuttingpart(thatis,anincompletetoothpart)isanimportantpartofcuttingthreadandisoftentaperedsothatthecuttingloadisallocatedtoafewteeth.Coneconeangleissmall,with5to7teeth;twotheconeangleisbigger,with3to4teeth.Thecalibrationsectionhascompleteteethfortrimmingthreadsandguidingtapsmovingintheaxialdirection.Handleasquare,anditseffectismatchedwiththetorquetransferhingecarry.
(2)hingedcarry
Articulatedisatoolforholdingtaps,usuallyadjustablehinges.Thesizeofthesquareholecanbeadjustedbyrotatingthehandlesoastoholdthetapsofdifferentsizes.Hingecarrylengthshouldbeselectedaccordingtothesizeofthetap,inordertocontrolthetappingofthetorqueforceandpreventtapduetoimproperbreak.
The2.threadbeforedrillingbottomholediameteranddepthdeterminationandorificechamfering
(1)todeterminethediameterofthebottom
Intheprocessoftappingthetap,thecuttingbladeismainlymetalcutting,butalsotheroleofthemetalextrusion,resultinginametalbumptocuspflowphenomenon,sothethreadbeforedrillingtheaperture(i.e.bottom)shouldbelargerthantheinnerdiameterofthread.Thebottomdiameteroftheavailablemanualoraccordingtothefollowingcalculationformula:
Brittlematerial(castiron,bronze,etc.):
borediameterd0=d(threadoutsidediameter)-1.1p(pitch)
Plasticmaterial(steel,copper,etc.):
drillingholediameterd0=d(threaddiameter)-p(pitch)
(2)determinationofdrillingdepth;
Whentappingthethreadofblindhole(blindhole),thedepthoftheholeisgreaterthanthelengthofthethreadbecausethetapcannotbeattacked,andthedepthoftheblindholecanbecalculatedaccordingtothefollowingformula:
Holedepth=requireddepthofthread+-.7d
(3)chamferoforifice
Thethreadmustbechamferedattheholeofthedrillingholebeforetapping,soastolocateandcutthetap.Thedepthofthechamferisgreaterthanthepitchofthethread.
3.tappingoperationpointsandprecautions
(1)accordingtothescrewholeontheworkpiecesize,thecorrectchoiceofthetap,twoconecone,notreversetheuse.
(2)whentheworkpieceisclamped,thecenteroftheholeshouldbeverticaltothejawsoastopreventthethreadfromstickingout.(3)withconethread,screwedintothefirst1~2times,tocheckwhetherthetapholeendsurfaceandvertical(canbevisualorsquareintwoperpendiculardirectionstocheck).Whenthecuttingparthasbeencutintotheworkpiece,the1/4ringshallbereversedevery1~2turnssothatthechipisbroken;
Atthesametime,nomorepressurecanbeapplied(thatis,onlyrotation,nopressure)soastopreventthetapfromcollapsingortappingthethinnerthread.(4)tappingsteelpieces,addlubricatingoil,canmakethethreadsmoothandlabor-savingandprolongtheservicelifeofthescrewtap;tappingironcannotaddlubricant,oraddkerosene;ofaluminumandcopperAluminumAlloy,theinternalthread,andemulsion.(5)donotblowthechipdirectlywithyourmouthtopreventchipsfromflyingintotheeye.
Two,setthread
1.dieanddieholder
(1)diediemachiningthread,inalloytoolsteel9SiGrismade,andhardenedbyheattreatment.Theshapeislikearoundnut,butitisdrilledwith3~4chipholesandformsaknifeedge.
Diebycuttingpart,apositioningpartandchiphole.Bothendsofcircularscrewingscrewtaperpartis40DEG,diecuttingpart.Positioningpartforfinishinglight.Theoutercircleofthediehasadeepgrooveandfourconeconepit,pitforpositioningandfasteningscrew.
(2)screwstockscrewstockisusedtoclampthedie,torquetools.Th
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