高考阅读理解专项练习原创整理.docx
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高考阅读理解专项练习原创整理.docx
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高考阅读理解专项练习原创整理
A
Peeringinto2003
In2002,wehadsomanygreatdiscoveriesinthefieldofscience.Whatsurpriseswillthescientistsbringtousin2003?
AccordingtoScienceMagazine,thebiggestproblemsfacingscientistsin2003willbe:
Whichglaciersmightdisappear?
Scientistswilltrytofindoutwhichoftheworld'sglaciersmaydisappearundertheinfluenceofgreenhousewarming.Mountainglaciersareclearlybecomingsmallerandsmallerandhighmountaintropicalglacierscouldsoondisappear.ButthestatusofgreaticestoresofGreenlandandAntarcticaisuncertain.
Howdoesthesunaffecttheearth'sclimate?
Scientistsarenowbecomingmoreandmoreinterestedintheinfluenceofthesunontheearth'sclimate.Itisreportedthatinthelastcentury,theearth'sdroughtandcoldsnapshadmuchtodowiththesun'sactivities.
Whatarehumanorigins?
Withrapidprogressmadeinthefieldofgenomics,scientistshopetobeabletobetterunderstandlife'smanyevolutionaryrelationships.Also,thestudyonchimpsmayhelptorevealwhatmakesushuman.
WhatweretheconditionsproducingtheBigBang?
Withthehelpofsatellites,scientistswillobservegammaraysfromblackholesandexaminetheheatfromdistantgalaxiesanddustclouds.MaybetheywillgetsomenewideaabouttheBigBang.
Besidestheseproblemsabove,scientistshavetofacethefinancialproblemsandtheproblemswhetherthestudyofantimatterwillhaveabrightfuture.
Astherateofdevelopmentintheworldeconomyslows,theamountofgovernmentandprivatespendingonbasicsciencedecreases,soscientistsindevelopedcountriesareworriedthattheywillnothaveenoughfundsforresearch.Howwillscientistscarryouttheirworkundersuchconditions?
Antimatteronceexistedonlyinthemindofnovelists.Butin2002,somescientistsproducedcold,slow-movingantihydrogenatomsforthefirsttime.Antihydrogenwillbeanimportanttoolforstudyingthedifferencebetweenmatterandantimatter.Scientistsmustfirstgetlargeamountsofantihydrogenbeforetheycanstudyitsproperties.Itmightnothappeninthecomingyearoreveninthenext,butthere'snoquestionthatantihydrogenfuturearebrighterthanever.
1.Accordingtosciencemagazine,howmanybiggestproblemswillthescientistsfacein2003?
A.4B.5C.6D.7
2.Whichstatementiscorrectwhenwetalkabouttheglaciers?
A.Alltheglacierswilldisappearsoon.
B.ItiscertainthatthegreaticestoresofGreenlandandAntarcticawillremainthesame.
C.Itispossiblethatsomehigh-mountaintropicalglacierswillsoondisappear.
D.Noglaciershavechangesundertheinfluenceofgreenhousewarming.
3.Fromthepassage,weknow________.
A.In2003,wehadmanygreatdiscoveriesinthefieldofscience.
B.theamountofgovernmentandprivatespendingonbasicscienceincreases.
C.Littleprogresshasbeenmadeinthefieldofgenomics.
D.Scientistswillknowmoreabouttheantimatter,andtheantihydrogenfuturesarebrighter.
4.Whichstatementiswrongaccordingtothepassage?
A.Thesunaffectstheearth'sclimate.
B.Noteverybodycanexplainwhatantimatteris.
C.TheconditionswhichproducetheBigBanghavebeenknowntosomescientists.
D.Thestudyonchimpsmayhelptorevealwhatmakeshuman.
B
Mostyoungpeopleenjoysomeformsofphysicalactivities.Itmaybewalking,cyclingorswimming,orinwinter,skatingorskiing.Itmaybeagameofsomekind,football,hockey,golf,ortennis,itmaybemountaineering.
Thosewhohaveapassionforclimbinghighanddifficultmountainsareoftenlookeduponwithastonishment.Whyaremenandwomenwillingtosuffercoldandhardship,andtotakerisksonhighmountains?
Thisastonishmentiscausedprobablybythedifferencebetweenmountaineeringandotherformsofactivitytowhichmengivetheirleisure.
Mountaineeringisasportandnotagame.Therearenoman-maderules,asthereareforsuchgamesasgolfandfootball.Thereare,ofcourse,rulesofadifferentkind,whichwouldbedangeroustoignore,butitisthisfreedomfromman-maderulesthatmakesmountaineeringattractivetomanypeople.Thosewhoclimbmountainsarefreetousetheirownmethods.
Ifwecomparemountaineeringwithothermorefamiliarsports,wemightthinkthatonebigdifferenceisthatmountaineeringisnota“game”.Wewouldbemistakeninthisassumption.Thereare,itistrue,no“matches”between“teams”ofclimbers,butwhenclimbersareonarockfacelinkedbyaropeonwhichtheirlivesmaydepend,thereisaobviouslyteamwork.
Themountainclimberknowsthathemayhavetofightforcesthatarestrongerandmorepowerfulthanman.Hehastofighttheforcesofnature.Hissportrequireshighmentalandphysicalcapacities.
Amountainclimbercontinuestoimproveinskillyearafteryear.Askierisprobablypasthisprimebytheageofthirty,andmostinternationaltennischampionsareintheirearlytwenties.ButitisnotunusualforamanoffiftyorsixtytoclimbthehighestmountainsintheAlps.Theymaytakemoretimethanyoungmen.Buttheyprobablyclimbwithmoreskillandlesswastedeffort,andtheycertainlyexperienceequalenjoyment.
5.Mountaineeringisasportwhichinvolves_________.
A.hardship
B.cold
C.physicalrisks
D.alltheabove
6.Themaindifferencebetweenasportandagameliesinoriginofthe_______.
A.uniform
B.activity
C.rules
D.skills
7.Mountaineeringisalsoateamsportbecause________.
A.itinvolvesrules
B.itinvolvesmatchesbetweenteams
C.itrequiresmentalandphysicalqualities
D.mountaineersdependoneachotherwhileclimbing
8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Mountaineerscompeteagainsteachother.
B.Mountaineerscompeteagainstotherteams.
C.Mountaineerscompeteagainstnature.
D.Mountaineerscompeteagainstinternationalstandard.
C
In1901,H.G.Wells,anEnglishwriter,wroteabookdescribingatriptothemoon.Whentheexplorerslandedonthemoon,theydiscoveredthatthemoonwasfullofundergroundcities.Theyexpressedtheirsurprisetothe“moonpeople”theymet.Inturnthe“moonpeople”expressedtheirsurprise.“Why,”theyasked,“areyoutravelingtoouterspacewhenyoudon’tevenuseyourinnerspace?
”
H.G.wellscouldonlyimaginetraveltothemoon.In1969,humanbeingsreallydidlandonthemoon.Peopletodayknowthattherearenoundergroundcitiesonthemoon.However,thequestionthatthe“moonpeople”askedinstillaninterestingone.Agrowingnumberofscientistsareseriouslythinkingaboutit.
Undergroundsystemarealreadyinplace.Manycitiedhaveundergroundcarparks.Insomecities,suchasTokyo,SeoulandMontreal,therearelargeundergroundshoppingareas.TheChunnel,atunnelconnectingEnglandandFrance,isnowcomplete.
Butwhataboutundergroundcities?
Japan’sTaiseicorporationisdesigninganetworkofundergroundsystems,called“AliceCities”.Thedesignersimagineusingsurfacespaceforpublicparksandusingundergroundspaceforflats,offices,shopping,andsoon.Asolardomewouldcoverthewholecity.
Supportersofundergrounddevelopmentsaythatbuildingdownratherthanbuildingupisagoodwayusetheearth’sspace.Thesurface,theysay,canbeusedforfarms,parks,gardens,andwilderness,H.G.Wells’“moonpeople”wouldagree.Wouldyou?
9.TheexplorersinH.G.Wells’storyweresurprisedtofindthatthe“moonpeople”_____.
A.knewsomuchabouttheearth
B.understoodtheirlanguage
C.liveinsomanyundergroundcities
D.wereaheadoftheminspacetechnology
10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”referto?
A.discoveringthemoon’sinnerspace
B.usingtheearth’sinnerspace
C.meetingthe“moonpeople”again
D.travelingtoouterspace
11.Whatsortofundergroundsystemsarealreadyherewithus?
A.offices,shoppingareas,powerstations.
B.Tunnels,carparks,shoppingareas.
C.Gardens,carparks,powerstations.
D.Tunnels,carparks,powerstations.
12.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext
A.AliceCities—CitiesoftheFuture
B.SpaceTravelwithH.G.Wells
C.EnjoyLivingUnderground
D.Buildingdown,notUp
D
Around9p.m.onOctober23,2002,some50heavilyarmedChechenterroristsburstintoatheatreinsoutheastMoscow.Theysetexplosivesandtooktheentireaudienceofmorethan600,plus100actors,ashostages,followingtheBaliexplosioninIndonesiaandtheterroristsattackinZamboanga,thePhilippines.TheChechenterroristssentanultimatumtothegovernment,demandingRussiantroopstokeepoffChechnyaandanendtothewartherewithinsevendays.
Aftera58-hourstandoff,theRussianGovernmentstormedthebuildingduringtheearlyhoursofOctober26,controllingthesituationin40minutes.The50terrorists,headedbyShamilBarayef,wereallkilled.Unfortunately,118hostagesalsodied.Thoughovershadowedbydismayforthehighpricepaid,therescueoperationbyRussianSpecialForceswonapprovalofmorethan85percentofRussiancitizensandwidesupportfromtheinternationalcommunity.
Duringthehostagematter,theRussianGovernmentexpresseditsownposition,launchedtherescueoperationdecisivelyandfinallysucceededinrescuingmosthostages.Itsexperience,withoutadoubt,isofreferencevaluetotheanti-terroristmovement,atatimewhenterrorismconstantlythreatenshumanlifeandsafety.
RussianPresidentVladimirPutindeliveredahardlinespeechearlyinthematter,decidingneithertomeettheterrorists’demandstoendthewar,nortogiveintotheblackmail.IfPutinhadgiveninmdisturbanceswouldhavegrownfurtherinachievingtheirgoalsthroughextrememeans,andseriousside-effectswouldhavebeencausedtointernationalanti-terroristmovement.
TheRussia
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