上海高考英语词汇手册整理说课讲解.docx
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上海高考英语词汇手册整理说课讲解.docx
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上海高考英语词汇手册整理说课讲解
上海高考英语词汇手册整理
词汇手册整理
1.ability
theabilitytodothecapabilityofdoing
be(un)abletodobecapableofsth/doing
1主语可以是物2可以加不好的事
Cf.wasabletodo(=managedtodo=succeededindoingsth)
Could
enablesb.todo
2.(ab)normaladj.
n.abovenormalbelownormalreturntonormal
Cf.averageadj.平均的;典型,有代表性的
n.above/belowaverageon(the)average
againstanaverageof…theaveragedrivers
commonadj.人人都有;到处可见It’scommontohaveamobilephonenow.
共同;共有have…incommon;commoninterest
ordinaryadj.
generaladj.总的thegeneralmanagerthegeneralidea/outline
社会一般的thegeneralpublicgeneralknowledge
generalelection
generallyspeaking
ingeneralVSindetail
usualadj.
universaladj.auniversaltruth/rule
auniversallanguage/universalpeace/donor
topicsofuniversalinterest
n.theuniverseCf.space
3.aboardadv.prep
goaboardtheship.
Onboard
4.abroadadv.
go/studyabroad;fromhomeandabroad
5.absencen.
one’sabsencefromintheabsenceof=forlackof
absentadj.beabsentfromVSbepresentat
absent-minded
6.absorbvt.
absorblight/water/heat/thetraining/whathesays
(sb.)beabsorbedinsth/doingsth
7.acceptvt.Cfacceptaninvitation
receiveaninvitation
Cf.beacceptedbyall
bewell/coldly/poorlyreceivedbyall
Cf.beacceptedbyacompany
beadmittedto/intoacompany
(un)acceptableadj.beacceptabletosb.
8.access(u)n.theaccesstothevillage
have(easy/no)accesstothelibrary
theInternetaccess
(in)accessibleadj.be~to
9.accidentn.Cf.accident
event
incident
issue
byaccident=bychance=accidentally=unintentionally
onpurpose=byintention=bydesign=purposefully=intentionally
10.accordingtothechairman/report
accordingtothespecificsituation
accordingtome(此表达法错,正确为so/asfarasIamconcerned)
11.account
accountfor1)占据Girlsaccountfor30%ofthewholeclass.
2)解释…的原因Thestudentcouldnotaccountforhisabsence.
Giveadetailed/fullaccountofsth
Takesthintoaccount/consideration
Onnoaccountshouldwegiveup.Weshouldnotonanyaccountgiveup.
12.withgreataccuracy
Cf.accurate
exact
actual
13.accusesb.ofsth
chargesb.withsth
arrestsb.forsth.
blamesb.forsth.=blamesth.onsb.
scoldsb.forsth.
criticizesb.forsth.
excusesb.ror
praisesb.for
14.accustomedadj.hisaccustomedseat/anaccustomedsmile
beaccustomedtosth./doingsth.=beusedtosth./doingsth.
getaccustomedtosth./doingsth.=getusedtosth./doingsth.
15.achen.
haveabadheadache/stomachache
vi.=hurt
Iacheallover.
Myheartachesforyou.
Myleghasbeenhurting/achingsinceyesterday.
Cf.hurt(hurt,hurt)
vt.hurtmyleg/havemyleghurt/hurtmyfeelings
vi.Myleghurts.
woundvt.awoundedsolider
n.=injury
injurevt.injurehisleg/injurehisfeelings
n.injury
damagevt.damagethetable/chairs
damageone’shealth/eyesight
n.do/causedamageto
Cf.damages
destroyvt.
spoilvt.Sparetherod,spoilthechild.
aspoiltchild
spoilhisbirthdayparty/thepicnic
Cf.offendhim
harmvt.harmsb.
harmone’seyes
n.doharmtosb.=dosb.harm
=beharmfulto=bebadfor
16.achievevt.
achievesuccess/fame/recognition/aneffect达到(较抽象)
achieveatask/one’saim完成
achievementn.makeachievementsin
accomplishvt.accomplishatask/one’saim完成
accomplishsomething/nothing/wonders/whateveryoudo做到(具体)
fulfillvt.fulfillapromise/contrast履行
fulfillatask完成
fulfillone’sneeds/requirements=meet;satisfy满足
17.acquirevt.
acquiresth.获得acquireaknowledgeofFrench/abadreputation学得;养成
gainvt.gainsth./gain(lose)fiveminutesaday
obtainvt.obtainsth./obtainone’sgoal
earnvt.earnsb.sth.
winvt.winsth./winsb.sth./winoversb.
18.across
~~thedesert;shoutacrosstheroom;runacrosstheplain
Comeacross
19.actas
actn.Cf.act
behaviour
action
deed
20.actualadj.theactualprice/theactualcost/hisactualwords/inactualfact
Cf.realrealleather/silk
arealpersoninreallife
trueIt’snottrue.Shemadeupthestory.
truelove/friends
21.adaptv.adaptsth.tosth.
adaptoneselftosth.=adapttosth.
adoptvt.adoptachild
adoptagoodattitude/theproposal
adjustvt.adjustthefocus/theclock
adjustoneselftosth.=adjusttosth.
22.addv.addsth.tosth.
addupAandB
addthat接着说
addtosth.=increasesth.增添了addtoourhelplessness
(sth)addupto总和
additionn.inadditionto=besides
inaddition=besides=furthermore=what’smore
23.addressn.注意词义
vt.addresstheenvelope
addressthemeeting/alargeaudience
24.admirevt.admireyou/admireyourbravery/admireyouforyourbravery
admirethebeautifulsunset=appreciate~
25.admitvt.admitsb.to/intosp.
admitdoingsth.VSdenydoingsth.
Cf.permitvt.permitsth.permitdoingsth.permitsb.todo
allowvt.allowsth.allowdoingsth.allowsb.todo
advisedoingadvisesb.todo
recommenddoingrecommendsb.todo
26.advancev.
n.C/Umakeadvancesin=makeprogressin
advancementn.U
advancedtechnology/advancedcourse
27.takefulladvantageof=makefulluseof=makethemostof
Cf.makethebestof
haveanadvantageoversb.
28.adventuren.冒险的活动
Cf.venturen.冒险的事业Everyventurehasthepossibilityofmakingorlosingmoney.
Risk
29.advertisethenewcarmodelinthenewspaper
advertiseforajob/roommate
30.advisesb.onsth.suggeststh.
advisesb.todosuggestone’sdoing
advisedoingsuggest(tosb.)that…(should)do
advisethat…(should)do
giveadvicetosb.onsth.makeasuggestiontosb.
givetipstosb.onsth.
31.affair(usu.pl.)foreignaffairs/politicalaffairs
householdaffairs/aloveaffair
Cf.business
dobusinesswithbusinesshoursonbusinessorforpleasure
It’snoneofyourbusiness.
setup/startabusiness
matterIt’samatterofchoice/ofpersonaltastes/lifeanddeath.
Isthereanythingthematterwithyou?
32.affectvt.affectachild’sgrowth(不良影响)
beaffectedbythestory=bemoved/touchedbythestory
beaffectedbyadisease=beinfectedwith/byadisease
=develop/catch/pickup/(carry)adisease
Cf.influencevt.influenceachild’sthought/opinion
n.Uhaveinfluenceon
effectn.haveaneffecton
achievetheintendedeffect
causeandeffect
createawonderfulsoundeffect
(sth.)takeeffectbringsth.intoeffect
effortn.makeeffort(s)todowithouteffort(s)inone’seffortstodo
sparenoeffortstodothroughcombinedefforts
impactn.haveanimpacton
33.affordvt.买得起affordsth.affordtodo
承受得起后果Alanguagelearnercannotaffordnottohaveadictionary.
34.afraidadj.beafraidtodo
beafraidofdoing
Cf.Iamafraidofdogs.
Ifeardogs.
Dogsfrightenme.
Iamfrightenedatdogs.
35.agreetodo
agreetomyplan
agreewithme/mywords/whatIsaid
Hiswordsdon’tagreewithhisactions.相符
Thefood/weatherheredoesnotagreewithme.适合,适宜
(Allofthem)agreeon(adate)
cometo/reach/arriveatanagreement
agreeable(=pleasant)people/weather
36.aheadofme在前面;胜过
aheadoftime/scheduleVSbehindtime
aheadofone’stime/thetimesVSbehindthetimes落后于时代
37.aidn.aknowledgeoffirstaid
hearingaidsaudio-visualaidsteachingaids
cometo/gotoone’said/help/rescue/assistance
withtheaidof=withthehelpof
aidv.=help;assist
aid(sb.)withsth.
aidsb.indoing
38.aimhisgunatthetargetaimhiswordsatme
aimatsth.
aimtodo=aimatdoingTheadvertaimsatpromotinggoodservice.
aimhigh
achieveone’saimtodosth.
39.alike
(adv.)Thebosstreatsusallalike.(=inthesameway)
(adj.)Thetwobrotherslookmuchalike.
Cf.AlookslikeB.
40.Cf.alivetheoldestmanalivecatchsb.alivekeepsb.alive
livingtheoldestlivingmanthelivingandthedeadalivinglanguage
livelyalivelyboy/lesson
live(adj.)alivebroadcast/matchexperimentonliveanimals
(adv.)bebroadcastlive
41.allstudents/allthestudents/allofthestudents
allofthem
inall
allinall
afterall
aboveall
firstofall
allover
(not)atall
42.almostnobody/nothing/no…
notnearlysatisfactory=farfromsatisfactory/perfect/enough
almost/nearlyeverybody
Cf.almost/most/mostly
43.aloneadj.Sheisalone,butsheisn’tnotlonely.
adv.doitalone=doitonone’sown=doitbyoneself
Moneyalone(光,仅仅)can’tmakemehappy.
lonelyadj.Sheislonely.
alonelygirl
alonelyvillage=aremote/farawayvillage
44.amazevt.
amusevt.
45.haveanambitiontodosth
achieve/realize/fulfillone’sambition
46.alargeamountof;agreatdealof+U
plentyof,alargequantityof;largequantitiesof+U/C
massesof;agoodmany;alargenumberof+C
47.inancienttimesVSinmoderntimes
theancients
48.beangrywithsb.at/aboutsth.
49.announcevt.公开宣布
announcesth.(announcetheirmarriage)
announcethat…
declarevt.(权威.政府)宣布;申报关税
declaresth.(declarepeace/war)
declaresth/sb.(tobe)+n./adj.(declarethemeetingopen)
declarethat…
claimvt.要求获得权利;认领某物
claimsth.(claimthewallet/claimthereward)
自称claimtodo(无claimsb.todo)
claimthat…
demandvt.需要demandsth.(demandgreatcare/patience)
=needsth.=callforsth.=requiresth.
(强烈)要求demandsth.(demandanapology/demandareasonableexplanation)demandtodo(无demandsb.todo)
demandthat…(should)do
requirevt.需要requiresth.=needsth.=demandsth.=callforsth.
requiredoing
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