广州市高三上学期入学摸底测试英语试题.docx
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广州市高三上学期入学摸底测试英语试题.docx
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广州市高三上学期入学摸底测试英语试题
(高三)上期入学摸底测试
英语科目试题
说明:
1.本试卷分不包含听力,满分120分,考试时间100分钟。
2.将选择题答案代表字母填(涂)在第Ⅱ卷的答题表(答题卡)中。
第一部分听力(略)
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
TheCostaBookAwardsconsistentlypickwinnersthatarebothofthemomentandsubsequentlyendure.It’sourpleasuretoconfirmthisyear’sCategoryWinners.
FirstNovelAwardWinner
Book:
EleanorOliphantisCompletelyFine
Author:
GailHoneyman
Eleanoris31yearsold;workfinishesonaFridayandbeginsagainonaMonday.Between,heronlycompanywillbetwobottlesofvodkaandherownsolitary,uniquewit.Itiscontentment,ofakind,butanunexpectedsharedexperiencesuddenlyopensthedoortopossibility.Challengingreaderexpectationswithaliving,breathingcharacter,GailHoneyman’sdebutisafunnyandmovingdiamond.
BiographyAwardWinnerBook:
IntheDaysofRainAuthor:
RebeccaStott
TheExclusiveBrethrenwereaclosedcommunitywhobelievedtheworldisruledbySatan.IntothisisbornRebecca.HerfatherhadbeenaninfluentialBrethrenMinister.Asherfatherlaydying,hebeggedhertohelphimwritethememoir.HewantedtotellthestoryoftheirfamilywhoforgenerationshadallbeenmembersofafundamentalistChristiansect.
PoetryAwardWinnerBook:
InsidetheWaveAuthor:
HelenDunmore
Tobealiveistobeinsidethewave,alwaystravellinguntilitbreaksandisgone.Thesepoemsareconcernedwiththeborderlinebetweenthelivingandthedead—theunderworldandthehumanlivingworld–andtheacutelyintensebeingofboth.
Children'sAwardWinner
Book:
TheExplorer
Author:
KatherineRundell,HannahHorn
FourchildrensurvivetheiraircraftplungingintotheAmazonjungle,butforFredandhisfriendsit’sonlythebeginningofacruelbattleforsurvival.Brimmingwithadventureandarealcommandofcharacterandincident,Rundellhasfewpeersinsuperbchildren’sfiction.
21.WhatkindoflifedoesEleanorlead?
A.boringandlonely.B.funnyandtouching.C.excitingandcomplex.D.ordinaryandhappy.
22.WhydidRebeccaStottwriteIntheDaysofRain?
A.TointroducebeliefsoftheExclusiveBrethren.B.Tohelpherfatherfulfillhislastwish.
C.TosharethelifeoffundamentalistChristians.D.Topassonherfamilytraditions.
23.Forayoungadventuroussoul,whichbookseemsmoreappealing?
A.EleanorOliphantisCompletelyFineB.IntheDaysofRain
C.InsidetheWaveD.TheExplorer
B
ThefreezingNortheasthasn'tbeenaterriblyfunplacetospendtimethiswinter,sowhenthechancecameforaweekendtoSarasota,Florida,mybagswerepackedbeforeyoucouldsay“sunshine”.IleftforthelandofwarmthandvitaminC,thinkingofbeachesandorangetrees.Whenwetoucheddowntoblueskiesandwarmair,Isentupasmallprayerofgratefulness.Swimmingpools,winetasting,andpinksunsets(atnormaleveninghours,not4intheafternoon)filledtheweekend,butthebestpart—particularlytomytaste,dulledbymonthsofcoldweatherrootvegetables—wasa7amadventuretotheSarasotafarmers'marketthatprovedtobemorethanworththeearlywakeupcall.
Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturdayfrom7amto1pm,rainorshine,alongNorthLemonandStatestreets.Basketsofperfectredstrawberries;theredpaintedsidesoftheJavaDawgcoffeetruck;andmostofall,thetomatoes:
amazing,large,softandroundredtomatoes.
Disappointedbymanyabroken,vineripened(蔓上成熟的)promise,I'verefusedtobuy
wintertomatoesforyears.Nomatterhowattractivetheylookinthestore,onceIgetthemhomethey'reunfailinglydry,hard,andtasteless.ButIhomedin,withuncertainty,ononeparticulartableattheBrown'sGroveFarm'sstand,fulloffreshandsofttomatoesthesizeofmyfist.Theseweretherealdeal—andatthatmoment,IrealizedthatthebestpartofSarasotainwinterwasgoingtobeeatingthingsthatbackhomeinNewYorkIwouldn'tbeexperiencingagainformonths.
DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight,myhappinessdeepenedwhenIlearnedthatBrown'sGroveFarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty,anewlyopenedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton,where—luckilyforme—Iwasplanningtohavedinnerthatverynight.Withoutevenseeingthemenu,IknewI'dbeorderingeverytomatoonit.
24.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofherwinterlifeinNewYork?
A.Exciting.B.Boring.C.Relaxing.D.Annoying.
25.Whatmadetheauthor'sgettingupearlyworthwhile?
A.Havingaswim.B.Breathinginfreshair.C.Walkinginthemorningsun.D.Visitingalocalfarmers'market.
26.WhatcanwelearnabouttomatoessoldinNewYorkinwinter?
A.Theyaresoft.B.Theylooknice.C.Theytastegreat.D.Theyarejuicy.
27.Whatwastheauthorgoingtodothatevening?
A.Gotoafarm.B.Checkintoahotel.C.Eatinarestaurant.D.Buyfreshvegetables.
C
TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatmillionsofpeoplearedyingeveryyearfromindoorairpollution.TheWHOfindsthatpoorcooking,heatingandlightingtechnologiesarekillingmillionsofpeopleeachyear.Indoorairpollutionresultsfromtheuseofdangerousfuelsandcookstovesinthehome.Tohelpfighttheproblem,theWHOannounced,newguidelinesaimedatreducinghouseholdpollutants.
WHOofficialssaynearlythreebillionpeopleareunabletousecleanfuelsandtechnologiesforcooking,heatingandlighting.Andtheysaymorethansevenmillionpeoplediefromexposuretoindoororoutdoorairpollutioneachyear.Ofthatnumber,theWHOsaysabout4.3millionpeoplediefromhouseholdairpollutiongivenoffbysimplecoalcookstoves.WHOofficialssayindoorpollutionleadstoearlydeathsfromstroke,heartandlungdisease.Themainvictimsarewomenandgirlsindevelopingcountries,wheretheyusuallystayathomeanddothehouseholdwork.
CarlosDoraisCoordinatorintheWHO’sDepartmentofPublicHealth,Environmentaland
SocialDeterminantsofHealth.Hesayspeopleshouldnotuseunprocessedcoalandkerosene(煤油)fuelindoors.Hesaysopeningawindowordoortoletouttheharmfulairwillnotimprovethesituation.Itwillonlypollutetheoutdoors.
NigelBruceisaprofessorofPublicHealthattheUniversityofLiverpool.Hesaysresearchersaredevelopinggoodcookstovesandotherequipmenttoburnfuelsinamoreefficientway.
WHOexpertsnotesomenew,safeandlowcosttechnologiesthatcouldhelparealreadyavailable.InIndia,youcanbuyaninduction(电磁)stoveforabout$8.00.AndinAfricayoucan
buyasolarlampforlessthan$1.00.But,this,theagencysays,isjustastart.Itisurgingdevelopingcountriestousecleanerfuelsandincreaseaccesstocleanerandmoremoderncookingandheatingappliances.
28.Whatdoes“theproblem”inparagraph1referto?
A.Indoorairpollution.B.Cookinghabits.
C.Poorcook—stove.D.Useofnaturalgas.
29.Whyarewomenandgirlsthemainvictimsoftheindoorpollution?
A.Theyareveryweakinthedevelopingcountries.B.Theyaremoresensitivetotheindoorpollution.C.Theyareexposedtotheindoorpollutionmore.D.Theyarelackofdoingmoreexerciseoutdoors.
30.Whichofthefollowingisagoodwaytoavoidindoorairpollution?
A.Toopenawindowwhilecooking.B.Touseunprocessedcoalindoors.
C.Topromotethecleanerandmoderncookingappliances.D.Topopularizethetraditionalcook—stovesinthehome.
31.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?
A.Howtopreventpollution
B.Howtoprotectwomenandgirls
C.Indoorpollutionkillsmillionseachyear
D.Theimportanceofhealthindevelopingcountries
D
Decision-makingcanbeextremelydifficult.Decision-makingstylesaresignificantlydifferent.indifferentcultures.
Inanyapproachtoaproblemandinanynegotiations,theWesternworldturnstothe"Itoyou"approachwhileJapan,the"youtoyou"approach.Theformermeansbothsidespresenttheir
argumentsopenlyfromtheirownpointofview.Naturally,oftencomesaconfrontation(冲突)
situation,whichWesternersareveryskillfulindealingwith.Thelatterisbasedoneachsidetryingtounderstandtheotherperson'spointofview.Thus,thedirectionofthemeetingisamutual(相互的)attempttoreduceconfrontationandachieveharmony.
Besides,Westerndecision-makinggoesmostlyfromtopmanagementandoftendoesnotconsultmiddlemanagementortheworker.However,inJapangreatconsiderationisgiventothethoughtsandopinionsofeveryoneatalllevels.Basedon"bottom-updirection",ideascanbecreatedatthelowestlevels,travelupwardthroughanorganizationandhaveaneffectonthefinaldecision.
Differenceindecision-makingalsocomesfromdifferentcommunicationstyles.TheJapanesebusinesspersonworkstoachieveharmony,evenifthedealfallsthrough,andwillspendwhatevertimeisnecessarytodeterminea"youtoyou"approach,communicatingpersonalviewsonlyindirectly.TheyputathoroughjobabovetheWesterndeadlineapproach.SotheJapanesearethoroughintheirmeetings.ThusAmericansareoftenannoyedbythemanymeetingsinmanyJapanesebusinesses.ButwheretheAmericanispressingforaspecificdecision,theJapaneseistryingtothinkuparatherbroaddirection.
Ontheotherhand,onceagivenagreementismade,itistheJapanesewhosometimeswonderattheslowpaceinwhichWesternerscarryoutthedecision.TheJapaneseareeagertomoveforwardandWesterners,perhaps,lagbehindastheytakethetimeforin-depthplanning.
32.AJapanesebusinessbasesitsdecision.
A.ontop-downdirectionB.onnothingbutitsworkers'views
C.onbottom-updirectionD.onlyonitstopleaders'opinions
33.ThetextmainlytellsusthatJapanandtheWesternworld.
A.face
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