人教版高一下课文材料原文1.docx
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人教版高一下课文材料原文1.docx
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人教版高一下课文材料原文1
人教版新教材高一(下)
Unit13Healthyeating
A
WeAreWhatWeEat
Choosingwhattoeatisnolongeraseasyasitoncewas.Oureatinghabitshavechanged,ashasourwayoflife,andthefuelweneedforourbodiesisalsodifferent.Traditionaldietsoftenhavetoomuchfatandtoomanycaloriesforthe21st-centuryperson.Ifwewanttokeepupwiththehighpaceofmodernlife,wehadbetterlearntomakethefightchoicesaboutwhatandhowweeat.
Storesofferallkindsoffoodandsnacksandwehavetomakemanychoices.Whenwechoosewhattobuyandeat,wehadbetterthinkwhetherthefoodwillgiveusthenutrientsweneed.Somenutrientshelpbuildourbodyandmakeitstronger.Protein,forexample,isgoodforourmuscles.Fish,meatandbeanscontainalotofprotein.Calcium,whichisfoundineggs,milkandotherdairyproducts,isgoodforourbonesandteeth.Weshouldalsoeatcarbohydrates,themainfuelforourbody,whichwecangetfrombread,riceandnoodles.Othernutrients,suchasfibreandminerals,helpkeepourbodyfunctioningwell.Vitamins,whichwecangetfromeatingvegetables,fruit,fishanddrinkingmilk,helpourbodyfightdisease.
Butthechoiceswemakearenotjustaboutnutrition.Manypeopletodaymakechoicesabouttheireatinghabitsbasedonwhattheybelieve.Eatinghabitsbecomepartofwhoweare.Somepeoplebecomevegetariansbecausetheybelieveitishealthiernottoeatmeatorbecausetheythinkweshouldnotkillanimalsforfood.Othersbecomevegansandwillnoteatanyanimalproductsatall,notevenyoghurtoreggs.Wealsomakechoicesbasedonhowtheproductsalegrownormade:
environmentallyfriendlyfood,or“eco—food”,isproducedbycompanieswhohavetriedtousegreenandcleanwaystogrowit.Organicvegetablesarethosethataregrownwithoutchemicalsthatcanbeharmfultohumanbeingsortheenvironment.
Becausewehavesomuchtochoosefrom,manycompaniesandstoresofferadviceaboutwhatweshouldeat.Books,magazinesandtelevisionshowstellusaboutfoodandpillsweshouldbuytobecomesmarter,healthierandmorebeautiful.Itisprobablybetter,however,ifwespendourtimeandmoneyonbuyinggoodfoodandkeepingabalanceddiet.Ifweeathealthyfoodintherightamounts,wedonothavetobuyanysupplements.Thesamegoesfor“crashdiets”thatsomecompaniessaywillmakeusloseweightfast.Insteadofeatingexpensivedietfoodsorgoingonunhealthydiets,wecansimplytrytoeatlessfatandsugarandexercisemore.
Thebestwaytomakesurethatwewillfeelandlookfineistodevelophealthyeatinghabits.Weoughttolearnmoreaboutourbodyandthefuelitneedstokeepfit.Onlyinthatwaywillwebereadyforthechallengesandopportunitiesinlife.
B
Snacks
Evenifwechoosenutritiousfoodforourmainmeals,weprobablystillneedtorefuelnowandthen.Wecangiveourbodyandbrainmoreenergybyeatingsnacks.Goodsnacksshouldnothavetoomuchfatorsugar.Thatmeansthatanapple,abanana,oranorangeisagoodchoice,butabarofchocolateorabagofpotatochipsisnot.Fruitgivesuscarbohydrates,whichourbodyandbrainuseforenergy.TheyalsogiveusfibreandVitaminC.Mostfruitsarenaturallysweetandwecaneatthemjustthewaytheyare—allwehavetodoiscleanorpeelthem.
Fruitisnottheonlyhealthysnack.Therearemanyrecipesforsimpleandhealthysnacksthattastegreatandkeepusgoing.Preparingadelicioussnackdoesnothavetobetoodifficult.Mostsnackscanbemadeinashorttime.Othersnackstakeabitlongertoprepare,buttheycangiveusachancetopractiseourcookingskins.Dumplingsandroll—upsaretastysnacksthatcanbepreparedinabout15-20minutes.Herearetworecipesyoucantry.
SHAOMAI
Ingredients:
Pork,Blackmushrooms,Choppedgreenonions,
Greenbeans,Shaomaiskins
Cuttheporkandblackmushroomsintopieces.Mixthepork,mushrooms,beansandthechoppedonionsinabowl.Fillandfoldtheskins.Steamtheshaomaioverboilingwaterfor7or8minutes.
CHICKENROLL-UPS
Ingredients:
Softbread,Chicken,Bacon,1tomato,Lettuce,
Cheese
Cookthechickenandcutitintosmallpieces.Frythebaconandcutitintosmallpieces.Chopthetomatosmall,andaddsomelettuceandthecheese.Mixthemalltogetherinabowl.Spoonsomeofthemixtureontothebreadandrollitup.
C
IntegratingSkills
East&WestRestaurant
Menu
Soups
SoupofthedayCup$2.75Bowl$4.50
OnionsoupCup$2.50Bowl$3.75
Salads
HousesaladSmall$3.50Large$4.00
TomatosaladSmall$2.50Large$3.00
PotatosaladSmall$2.00Large$3.00
FruitsaladSmall$2.50Large$3.50
Sandwiches
Chickensandwich$4.95
Clubsandwich(ham,cheese,lettuce)$3.75
BLT(bacon,lettuce,tomato)$4.25
Chickenroll-up$2.75
Oursandwichesareservedwithachoiceof
Frenchfriesorpotatocrisps.
Desserts
Applepie$0.75
Icecream$1.25
Sideorders
Frenchfries$1.75
Breadrolls$1.00
Chinesefood
Spicy(辛辣的)chickenwithpeanuts$5.95
Friedricewitheggandham$4.25
Tofuwithpeppers$2.95
Meatballs$4.75
Westernfood
Beefsteak$7.25
Porkchop$6.25
Superburger$7.50
Cheeseburger$3.75
Vegetarianburger$5.95
Ourburgersareservedwithlettuce,tomatoand
Frenchfries.
Beverages
Sprite,Coke(dietorregular)$0.65
Orangejuice$1.00
Tea$0.60
Coffee$0.65
D
Don’tBeAMousePotato
Theworldisgettingbigger,oratleastfatter.Recentstudiesshowthatanincreasingnumberofusareleadinganunhealthylife.Wearebecomingcouchpotatoes—peoplewhospendtoomuchtimeinfrontoftheTVandeattoomuchjunkfood.Now,thereisalsoanewspeciesofinactivepeople,namelythe“mousepotato”.Amousepotatoissomeonewhositsinfrontofhisorhercomputeralldayandeatsjunkfoodinsteadofregularmeals.Whyarewebecomingpotatoesandwhatcanwedotoavoidit?
Onereasonbehindthegrowingnumberofcouchandmousepotatoesisourmodernwayoflife.Wedon’thaveasmuchtimetoprepareandeatfoodasweusedto.Fastfoodrestaurantsareeverywhereandsupermarketshelvesarefilledwithready-madeorpre-prepareddishes.Notallofthesearebadforus,ofcourse,buttheymakeitmoredifficultforustocontrolwhatweeat.
Ifwewanttobehealthy,weshouldmakegoodchoicesaboutwhatweeat.Itisnotnecessarytobecomeavegetarianoravegan,butwemustmakesurethatourdietisvariedandbalanced.Ahealthydietshouldgiveusthecaloriesweneedbutnotcontaintoomuchfatandsugar.Thenumberofcaloriesourbodyneedsdependsonwhatourbodytypeis,howmuchweweighandhowactiveweare.Teenagersneedabout2,500caloriesaday.Girlsusuallyneedabitlessandpeoplewhoplaysportsmayneedmore.Gettingthecaloriesweneedisnotenough.Ifwewanttobehealthy,wemustmakesurethatwegetthecaloriesinthebestwaypossible.Thebestsourceforcaloriesiscarbohydrates,whicharefoundingrains,vegetablesandfruit.Ourbodiesstorecarbohydratesinourmusclessothatwecangetenergywhenweneedit.
Junkfoodisfoodthathasalotofcaloriesbutfewnutrients,vitaminsandminerals.Somefooddoeshavenutrients,forexamplepizza,butbecauseitcontainstoomanycalories,itisstillcalledjunkfood.Fruitandvegetablesarethebestexamplesofgoodfood.Theycontainfewcaloriesandmanyvitaminsandminerals.Ahealthydietshouldincludeavarietyoffood,mostofwhichshouldberichinnutrients.Thatdoesnotmeanthatweareneverallowedtoeatjunkfood.ThoseofuswholoveFrenchfries,sweets,icecreamandcheeseburgerscanstillenjoyanunhealthybiteeverynowandthen.Allwehavetodoistobecarefulhowoftenandhowmuchweeatofit.
Ifwemaketherightchoicesaboutwhatweeat,wewillbehealthierandhavemoreenergytoenjoythegoodthingsinlife.Abalanceddietcombinedwithexerciseistherecipeforahealthylife.Andremember,itisbettertoeatapotatothantobeone.
Unit14Festivals
A
TheBirthOfAFestival
YouprobablyknowthatChristmas,theSpringFestivalandRamadanareimportantholidaysintheworld.ButhaveyouheardaboutKwanzaa?
Kwanzaaisaseven-dayfestivalcelebratingthecultureandhistoryofAfricanAmericans.TheweekfollowingChristmasDay,manyAfrican-Americanfamiliesgettogethertogreetthenewyearandthinkaboutthepast.
AfricanAmericanshavealonghistoryandarichculture,butKwanzaaisayoungholiday.Kwanzaawasbornin1966,whenpeoplecreatedanewfestivalsothatAfricanAmericanswouldbeableto
celebratetheirhistoryandculture.ThepeoplewhocreatedKwanzaausedthewordfor“firstfruit”inSwahili,oneofthelargestlanguagesinAfrica.TheychosethewordbecausetherearemanyfestivalsinAfrica
called“first-fruit”festivals.TheAfricanfirst-fruitfestivalshadmanythingsincommon:
peoplewouldgettogethertocelebratetheirharvest;theyusedtogivethanksfortheirharvestsandforlife;theyusedtohonourtheirancestors,celebratetheirpast,andthegrouporsocietytheylivedin.Thefestivalswereawaytocelebratehistoryandculture,aswellasthenewyear.
ThepeoplewhocreatedKwanzaalikedthecharacteristicsoftheAfricanfestivalssomuchthattheyusedthemtowritetheSevenPrinciplesofKwanzaa.Thesevenprinciplesare:
●Unity.Wemustbuildunityoffamily,communityandnation.
●Self-determination.Wehavetobuildourownlives,thinkforourselvesandspeakforourselves.
●Livingtogether.Weshouldbuildourcommunityandsolveourproblemstogether.
●Workingtogether.Weshouldbuildandsupportourfactoriesandshops.
●Purpose.Weshouldrememberourpastandbuildourfuture.Weshouldhonourourancestors.
●Creativity.Wemustdoasmuchaswecantomakeourcommunitybetterandmorebeautiful.
●Faith.Weshouldbelieveinourfamily,o
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