尚择优选20XX年考研英语二真题和答案完整版.docx
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尚择优选20XX年考研英语二真题和答案完整版.docx
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尚择优选20XX年考研英语二真题和答案完整版
TheoutbreakofswinefluthatwasfirstdetectedinMexicowasdeclaredaglobalepidemiconJune11,20XX.Itisthefirstworldwideepidemic_____1_____bytheWorldHealthOrganizationin41years.
Theheightenedalert_____2_____anemergencymeetingwithfluexpertsinGenevathatconvenedafterasharpriseincasesinAustralia,andrising_____3_____inBritain,Japan,Chileandelsewhere.
Buttheepidemicis"_____4_____"inseverity,accordingtoMargaretChan,theorganization'sdirectorgeneral,_____5_____theoverwhelmingmajorityofpatientsexperiencingonlymildsymptomsandafullrecovery,ofteninthe_____6_____ofanymedicaltreatment.
Theoutbreakcametoglobal_____7_____inlateApril20XX,whenMexicanauthoritiesnoticedanunusuallylargenumberofhospitalizationsanddeaths_____8_____healthyadults.AsmuchofMexicoCityshutdownattheheightofapanic,casesbeganto_____9_____inNewYorkCity,thesouthwesternUnitedStatesandaroundtheworld.
IntheUnitedStates,newcasesseemedtofade_____10_____warmerweatherarrived.ButinlateSeptember20XX,officialsreportedtherewas_____11_____fluactivityinalmosteverystateandthatvirtuallyallthe_____12_____testedarethenewswineflu,alsoknownas(A)H1N1,notseasonalflu.IntheU.S.,ithas_____13_____morethanonemillionpeople,andcausedmorethan600deathsandmorethan6,000hospitalizations.
Federalhealthofficials_____14_____Tamifluforchildrenfromthenationalstockpileandbegan_____15_____ordersfromthestatesforthenewswinefluvaccine.Thenewvaccine,whichisdifferentfromtheannualfluvaccine,is____16_____aheadofexpectations.MorethanthreemilliondosesweretobemadeavailableinearlyOctober20XX,thoughmostofthose_____17_____doseswereoftheFluMistnasalspraytype,whichisnot_____18_____forpregnantwomen,peopleover50orthosewithbreathingdifficulties,heartdiseaseorseveralother_____19_____.Butitwasstillpossibletovaccinatepeopleinotherhigh-riskgroup:
healthcareworkers,people_____20_____infantsandhealthyyoungpeople.
1[A]criticized[B]appointed[C]commented[D]designated
2[A]proceeded[B]activated[C]followed[D]prompted
3[A]digits[B]numbers[C]amounts[D]sums
4[A]moderate[B]normal[C]unusual[D]extreme
5[A]with[B]in[C]from[D]by
6[A]progress[B]absence[C]presence[D]favor
7[A]reality[B]phenomenon[C]concept[D]notice
8.[A]over[B]for[C]among[D]to
9[A]stayup[B]cropup[C]fillup[D]coverup
10[A]as[B]if[C]unless[D]until
11[A]excessive[B]enormous[C]significant[D]magnificent
12[A]categories[B]examples[C]patterns[D]samples
13[A]imparted[B]immerse[C]injected[D]infected
14[A]released[B]relayed[C]relieved[D]remained
15[A]placing[B]delivering[C]taking[D]giving
16[A]feasible[B]available[C]reliable[D]applicable
17[A]prevalent[B]principal[C]innovative[D]initial
18[A]presented[B]restricted[C]recommended[D]introduced
19[A]problems[B]issues[C]agonies[D]sufferings
20[A]involvedin[B]caringfor[C]concernedwith[D]wardingoff
SectionⅡReadingcomprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourpassages.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachpassagebychoosingA,B,CandD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
Thelongestbullruninacenturyofart-markethistoryendedonadramaticnotewithasaleof56worksbyDamienHirst,“BeautifulInsideMyHeadForever”,atSotheby’sinLondononSeptember15th20XX.Allbuttwopiecessold,fetchingmorethan£70m,arecordforasalebyasingleartist.Itwasalastvictory.Astheauctioneercalledoutbids,inNewYorkoneoftheoldestbanksonWallStreet,LehmanBrothers,filedforbankruptcy.
Theworldartmarkethadalreadybeenlosingmomentumforawhileafterrisingbewilderinglysince20XX.Atitspeakin20XXitwasworthsome$65billion,reckonsClareMcAndrew,founderofArtsEconomics,aresearchfirm—doublethefigurefiveyearsearlier.Sincethenitmayhavecomedownto$50billion.Butthemarketgeneratesinterestfarbeyonditssizebecauseitbringstogethergreatwealth,enormousegos,greed,passionandcontroversyinawaymatchedbyfewotherindustries.
IntheweeksandmonthsthatfollowedMrHirst’ssale,spendingofanysortbecamedeeplyunfashionable,especiallyinNewYork,wherethebail-outofthebankscoincidedwiththelossofthousandsofjobsandthefinancialdemiseofmanyart-buyinginvestors.Intheartworldthatmeantcollectorsstayedawayfromgalleriesandsalerooms.Salesofcontemporaryartfellbytwo-thirds,andinthemostoverheatedsector—forChinesecontemporaryart—theyweredownbynearly90%intheyeartoNovember20XX.Withinweekstheworld’stwobiggestauctionhouses,Sotheby’sandChristie’s,hadtopayoutnearly$200minguaranteestoclientswhohadplacedworksforsalewiththem.
ThecurrentdownturnintheartmarketistheworstsincetheJapanesestoppedbuyingImpressionistsattheendof1989,amovethatstartedthemostseriouscontractioninthemarketsincetheSecondWorldWar.Thistimeexpertsreckonthatpricesareabout40%downontheirpeakonaverage,thoughsomehavebeenfarmorefluctuant.ButEdwardDolman,Christie’schiefexecutive,says:
“I’mprettyconfidentwe’reatthebottom.”
Whatmakesthisslumpdifferentfromthelast,hesays,isthattherearestillbuyersinthemarket,whereasintheearly1990s,wheninterestrateswerehigh,therewasnodemandeventhoughmanycollectorswantedtosell.Christie’srevenuesinthefirsthalfof20XXwerestillhigherthaninthefirsthalfof20XX.Almosteveryonewhowasinterviewedforthisspecialreportsaidthatthebiggestproblematthemomentisnotalackofdemandbutalackofgoodworktosell.ThethreeDs—death,debtanddivorce—stilldeliverworksofarttothemarket.Butanyonewhodoesnothavetoselliskeepingaway,waitingforconfidencetoreturn.
21.Inthefirstparagraph,DamienHirst'ssalewasreferredtoas“alastvictory”because____.
A.theartmarkethadwitnessedasuccessionofvictories
B.theauctioneerfinallygotthetwopiecesatthehighestbids
C.BeautifulInsideMyHeadForeverwonoverallmasterpieces
D.itwassuccessfullymadejustbeforetheworldfinancialcrisis
22.Bysaying“spendingofanysortbecamedeeplyunfashionable”(Line1-2,Para.3),theauthorsuggeststhat_____.
A.collectorswerenolongeractivelyinvolvedinart-marketauctions
B.peoplestoppedeverykindofspendingandstayedawayfromgalleries
C.artcollectionasafashionhadlostitsappealtoagreatextent
D.worksofartingeneralhadgoneoutoffashionsotheywerenotworthbuying
23.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?
A.Salesofcontemporaryartfelldramaticallyfrom20XXto20XX.
B.Theartmarketsurpassedmanyotherindustriesinmomentum.
C.Themarketgenerallywentdownwardinvariousways.
D.Someartdealerswereawaitingbetterchancestocome.
24.ThethreeDsmentionedinthelastparagraphare____
A.auctionhouses'favorites B.contemporarytrends
C.factorspromotingartworkcirculation D.stylesrepresentingimpressionists
25.Themostappropriatetitleforthistextcouldbe___
A.FluctuationofArtPrices B.Up-to-dateArtAuctionsC.ArtMarketinDecline D.ShiftedInterestinArts
IwasaddressingasmallgatheringinasuburbanVirginialivingroom—awomen'sgroupthathadinvitedmentojointhem.Throughouttheeveningonemanhadbeenparticularlytalkative,frequentlyofferingideasandanecdotes,whilehiswifesatsilentlybesidehimonthecouch.TowardtheendoftheeveningIcommentedthatwomenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon'ttalktothem.Thismanquicklynoddedinagreement.Hegesturedtowardhiswifeandsaid,"She'sthetalkerinourfamily."Theroomburstintolaughter;themanlookedpuzzledandhurt."It'strue,"heexplained."WhenIcomehomefromwork,Ihavenothingtosay.Ifshedidn'tkeeptheconversationgoing,we'dspendthewholeeveninginsilence."
ThisepisodecrystallizestheironythatalthoughAmericanmentendtotalkmorethanwomeninpublicsituations,theyoftentalklessathome.Andthispatterniswreakinghavocwithmarriage.
ThepatternwasobservedbypoliticalscientistAndrewHackerinthelate1970s.SociologistCatherineKohlerRiessmanreportsinhernewbook"DivorceTalk"thatmostofthewomensheinterviewed—butonlyafewofthemen—gavelackofcommunicationasthereasonfortheirdivorces.Giventhecurrentdivorcerateofnearly50percent,thatamountstomillionsofcasesintheUnitedStateseveryyear—avirtualepidemicoffailedconversation.
Inmyownresearchcomplaintsfromwomenabouttheirhusbandsmostoftenfocusednotontangibleinequitiessuchashavinggivenupthechanceforacareertoaccompanyahusbandtohisordoingfarmorethantheirshareofdailylife-supportworklikecleaning,cooking,socialarrangementsanderrands.Insteadtheyfocusedoncommunication:
"Hedoesn'tlistentome.""Hedoesn'ttalktome."IfoundasHackerobservedyearsbeforethatmostwiveswanttheirhusbandstobefirstandforemostconversationalpartnersbutfewhusbandssharethisexpectationoftheirwives.
Inshorttheimagethatbestrepresentsthecurrentcrisisisthestereotypicalcartoonsceneofamansittingatthebreakfasttablewithanewspaperheldupinfrontofhisface,whileawomanglaresatthebackofit,wantingtotalk.
26.Whatismostwives'mainexpectationoftheirhusbands?
A.Talkingtothem.B.Trustingthem. C.Supportingtheircareers. D.Sharinghousework.
27.Judgingfromthecontext,thephrase“wreakinghavoc”(Line3,Para.2)mostprobablymeans___.
A.generatingmotivation.B.exertinginfluence C.causingdamage D.creatingpressure
28.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT_______
A.mentendtotalkmoreinpublicthanwomenB.nearly50percentofrecentdivorcesarecausedbyfailedconversation
C.womenattachmuchimportancetocommunicationbetweencouples
D.afemaletendstobemoretalkativeathomethanherspouse
29.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethemainideaofthistext?
A.Themoraldecayingdeservesmoreresearchbysociologists.B.Marriagebreak-upstemsfromsexinequalities.
C.Husbandandwifehavedifferentexpectationsfromtheirmarriage.
D.Conversationalpatternsbetweenmanandwifearedifferent.
30.Inthefollowingpartimmediatelyafterthistext,theauthorwillmostprobablyfocuson______
A.avividaccountofthenewbookDivorceTalkB.adetaileddescriptionofthestereotypicalcartoon
C.otherpossiblereasonsforahighdivorcerateintheU.S.D.abriefintroductiontothepoliticalscientistAndrewHacker
Text3
Overthepastdecade,manycompanieshadperfectedtheartofcreatingautomaticbehaviors—habits—amongconsumers.Thesehabitshavehelpedcompaniesearnbillionsofdollarswhencustomerseatsnacks,applylotionsandwipecountersalmostwithoutthinking,ofteninresponsetoacarefullydesignedsetofdailycues.
“Therearefundamentalpublichealthproblems,likedirtyhandsinsteadofasoaphabit,thatremainkillersonlybecausewecan’tfigureouthowtochangepeople’
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