大学英语一复习题.docx
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大学英语一复习题.docx
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大学英语一复习题
大学英语一复习题
Passageone
ManyvisitorsfindsthefastpaceatwhichAmericanpeoplemoveverytroubling.One'sfirstimpressionislikelytobethateveryoneisinarush.Citypeoplealwaysappeartobehurryingtogetwheretheyaregoingandareveryimpatientiftheyaredelayedevenforabriefmoment.
Atfirst,thismayseemunfriendlytoyou.Butdriverswillrushyou;storekeeperswillbeinahurryastheyserveyou;peoplewillpushpastyouastheywalkalongthestreet.Youwillmisssmiles,briefconversationswithpeopleasyoushopordineawayfromhome.DonotthinkthatbecauseAmericansareinsuchahurrytheyareunfriendly.Often,lifeismuchsloweroutsidethebigcities,asistrueinothercountriesaswell.
AmericanswholiveincitiessuchasNewYork,Chicago,orLosAngeles,oftenthinkthateveryoneisequallyinahurrytogetthingsdone;theyexpectothersto"pushback",justascitypeopledoinTokyo,SingaporeorParis,forexample.Butwhentheydiscoverthatyouareastranger,mostAmericansbecomequitekindlyandwilltakegreatcaretohelpyou.Manyofthemfirstcametothecityasstrangersandtheyrememberhowfrighteninganewcitycanbe.Ifyouneedhelporwanttoaskaquestion,chooseafriendlylookingpersonandsay,"Iamastrangerhere.Canyouhelpme?
"
Mostpeoplewillstop,smileatyou,andhelpyoufindyouwayoransweryourquestions.Butyoumustletthemknowthatyouneedhelp.Otherwisetheyarelikelytopassyouby,notnoticingthatyouarenewtothecityandinneedofhelp.Occasionally,youmayfindsomeonetoobusyorperhapstoorushedtogiveyouaid.Ifthishappens,donotbediscouraged;justasksomeoneelse.MostAmericansenjoyhelpingastranger.
1.ManypeoplewhofirstvisittheUnitedStateswillfindthat_______.
AAmericaisahighlydevelopedcountry
BAmericancitypeopleseemtobealwaysinarush
CthefastpaceinAmericanlifeoftencausesmuchtrouble
DAmericansareimpatientandunfriendlypeople
2.Whentheauthorsays"Youwillmisssmile",hemeans___________.
AyouwillfailtonoticethatAmericansarepleasantandhappy
ByouwillbepuzzledwhyAmericansdonotsmileatyou
CyouwillfeelthatAmericansdonotseemveryfriendly
DyouwillfindthatAmericansdon'thavemuchsenseofhumor
3.Intheauthor'sopinion,___________.
AitistruethatlifeinNewYorkismuchfasterthanthatinanyothercity
Bpeoplelivingoutsidebigcitiesarelazyandmiserable
CmostAmericanpeopleenjoylivinginthesuburbsofbigcities
Dhosewhoarebusyarenotnecessarilyunfriendly
4.TheauthormentionsbigcitiessuchasTokyo,SingaporeandParis___________.
Atoshowthatcitypeopleallovertheworldhavealotincommon
Btolethisreadersbeawarethattheyaresomeoftheworld'sbiggestcities
CtoillustratetheirdifferencefromAmericancities
Dbecausetheyaresomeofthecitiesthatattractvisitorsmost
5.IfyousaytoanAmericanthatyouareastrangerthere,mostprobablybewill_________.
AofferhishelpBstopsmilingatyou
ChelpyoufindthewayDreplythatheispleasedtomeetyou
Passage2
Aroundtheworldtwothirdsofthepeoplearefarmers,Mostofthemengageinsubsistencefarming.Thismeansthattheyraiseplantsandanimalstofurnishtheirfamilieswithfoodandothersupplies.Theyconsumetheirvariedoutputandhavelittletosellortotradeforothergoods.SubsistencefarmswerecommonintheUnitedStatesatonetime,buttherearefewsuchfarmstoday.
TwothirdsofAmericanfarmerspracticecommercialfarming.Commercialfarmsproduceabout97percentofthecountry’sagriculturalgoods.Thesefarmsareoperatedmuchlikeotherindustries.Themembersofthefarmfamilyproducethecommodities(商品)thatwillbesenttothemarket.Theyselltheirproductsandbuythethingstheyneed.
Somecommercialfarmsarebigfactoriesinthefield.Theymaybeownedbyacompanyorbyanindividualasaninvestment.MostAmericanfarms,however,arestilloperatedbyfamilies.Afarmermayownorrenthisland.
InacountryaslargeastheUnitedStates,farmsvarywidelyinclimate,landsurface,soil,watersupply,conveniencetomarket,andothercharacteristics.Differentregionsmayhavedifferentkindsofspecializedfarms.Specializedfarmersconcentrateonthekindoffarmingbestsuitedtothelandandclimate,totheirtechnicalskills,andtothemoneytheyinvestinthefarm.
However,noregionislimitedtoasingletypeoffarm.Indeedfewfarmsarelimitedtoonecroporcommodity.Whereoutputisvariedandnoonekindofcroporcommodityproducesmorethanhalfofafarm’sincome,itisclassifiedasageneralfarm.Thegeneralfarmergrowsvariedcropstousethedifferentkindsofsoilsorsurfacesonhislandandtoemployhistimeandmachinerymostefficiently.
6.Subsistencefarmers______
Agrowcropsfortheirfamilies'ownuse
Bsellalotoftheirproductsformoney
Ctradetheirvariedoutputforothergoods
Dusetheiragriculturalproductsascommodities
7.Subsistencefarms______.
AareverypopularintheUnitedStatesnow
Barestillcommoninmanypartsoftheworld
Cconsistoftwothirdsofthetotalnumberofthefarmsintheworldtoday
Dusedtobethemajorformoffarmingintheworld
8.Americancommercialfarms______.
Afurnishthecountrywithtwothirdsofthefooditspeopleneed
Bareruninmuchthesamewayasotherindustries
Careallownedbydifferentcompanies
Dneverrenttheirlandforfarming
9.Aspecializedfarmischaracterizedby______.
Aitsespeciallylargesize
Bitsindependenceofthemarket
Citsconcentrationonasingletypeoffarming
Ditsspecialwayofoperation
10.Afarmisclassifiedasgeneralif______.
Amorethanhalfofitsincomecomesfromvariedcrops
Bitislimitedtoasingletypeoffarm
Citemploysdifferentkindsofmachines
Dthesoilsorsurfacesofitslandareusedmostefficiently
Passage3
EveryoneknowsthatthefavoritefoodintheUnitedStatesisthehamburger.Itseemsimpossible,butpeopleeat34billionhamburgersayear.Thisisenoughtomakealineofhamburgersaroundtheworldfourtimes.
Thefavoriteplacetobuyahamburgerisafast-foodrestaurant.Intheserestaurants,peopleordertheirfood,waitjustafewminutes,andcarryittotheirtablesthemselves.Theycaneatitintherestaurantortakethefoodoutandeatitathome,atwork,orinapark.Atsomerestaurantspeoplecandriveupbesideawindow.Theyorderthefood,andaworkerhandsittothemthroughthewindow.Thentheyeatintheircars.
Hamburgersarenottheonlykindoffoodthatfast-foodrestaurantserve.Someservefish,chicken,beefsandwiches,orMexicanfood.Theyalsoservefries(Frenchfriedpotatoes),shakes(adrinkmadefrommilkandicecream),softdrinks,andcoffee.
Fast-foodrestaurantsareverypopularbecausetheserviceisfastandthefoodisinexpensive.Formanypeople,thisismoreimportantthanqualityofthefood.Theserestaurantsarealsopopularbecausethefoodisalwaysthesame.Peopleknowthatiftheyeatatacompany’srestaurantinthenorthorsouthofthecity,thefoodwillbethesame.IftheyeatinNewYorkorSanFrancisco,itwillstillbethesame.
FastserviceandlowcostareimportantintheUnitedStates.Onereasonisthatabout50percentofallmarriedwomenwithchildrenworkoutsidethehome.Theyaretoobusyandtootiredtocookdinnereverynight.
Isthefoodatfast-foodrestaurantsfoodforyou?
Ingeneral,itisallright,exceptthatithastoomuchfatandsalt.
Onethingissure.Peoplewillcontinuetoeatfastfoods.Infact,nowtherearefast-foodrestaurantsincountriesallovertheworld.
11.Inafast-foodrestaurant,people________.
AstanduptoeatBareservedattable
CeatinahurryDservethemselves
12.Usuallyfastfoodisrichin________.
AsugarandmilkBsaltandfat
CmeatandsaltDbeefandfish
13.Fast-foodrestaurantsarepopularbecause________.
Apeoplearefreetoordertheirfood
Bthequalityofthefoodisgood
Citischeaperandfastertohavemealsthere
Dpeoplecanfindfastfoodrestaurantseverywhere
14.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisnotcorrect?
ATheserviceisfastandthefoodischeapinfast-foodrestaurants.
BMorepeoplelikeeatingfastfood.
CPeoplecanfindthesamefoodinalltherestaurants.
DPeoplecantakefastfoodout.
15.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?
AAmericanseatenoughhamburgerstomakealineaboundtheworldfourtimes.
BFast-foodrestaurantsarepopularintheUnitedStates.
CSomepeoplecaneatfastfoodinparks.
DMotherswhoworkoutsidehomeoftenhavemealsinfast-foodrestaurants.
Passage4
Nooneknowsforsurewhybirdsmigrate(定期迁徙).OnetheoryofmigrationsaysthatancientbirdsofthenorthernpartoftheearthwereforcedsouthwardduringtheIceAge,whenicecoveredlargepartsofEurope,AsiaandNorthAmerica.Astheicemelted,thebirdscamebacktotheirhomelands,spentthesummer,andthenwentsouthagaininwinter.Gradually,thesecomingsandgoingsbecamehabits,andbirdsnowmigratethoughmuchoftheicehasgone.
Anothertheoryproposesthattheancienthomeofallmodernbirdswasthetropicareas.Theretheylivedsowellthattheregionbecameovercrowded.Manyspecieshadtomovenorthward.Duringthesummer,thesebirdsfoundplentyofroomandfood.Inwinter,however,foodbecamescarceandtheyhadtoreturntothesouth.
Anewertheoryisthatincreasingdaylightstimulatescertainglands(腺)inthebird'sbodyandpreparesitformigration.Onescientistisabletomakebirdsmig
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