WRITING EMPLOYMENT MESSAGES AND INTERVIEWING FOR JOBS.docx

WRITING EMPLOYMENT MESSAGES AND INTERVIEWING FOR JOBS.docx

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WRITINGEMPLOYMENTMESSAGESANDINTERVIEWINGFORJOBS

PART7:

WRITINGEMPLOYMENTMESSAGESANDINTERVIEWINGFORJOBS

Becausesomanycollegestudentsareunfamiliarwiththerecruitingprocessandareapprehensiveaboutfindingajob,Chapters17and18canbeofimmediatepracticalvalue.Theemploymentconceptspresentedinthesechapterscanevenbeusedbyfreshmenandsophomoreswhenlookingforsummerorpart-timeworkorwhenestablishingcareergoals.

Part7hasbeenthoroughlyrevised.Followingaresomehighlightsofthechangesthatweremadetoupdateandfocusthecoverageofimportanttopics.Part7now

∙Addsnewmaterialontoday’schangingworkplace

∙Updatesdiscussionofwhatemployersarelookingforinjobapplicants

∙Reorganizesmaterialonwritingrésumésandpresentsdiscussionusingthethree-stepwritingprocess

∙Addsanewdiscussionofbuildinganonlinerésumé

∙AddsanewIn-DepthCritiqueshowingoneineffectiveandoneeffectiverésumé

∙Updatesthediscussionofusingthewebintheemploymentsearchprocesswiththelatestemployment-relatedwebsites

∙UpdatesChapter18withthelatestjob-interviewingmaterial

∙Revisesallchaptermaterialforclarityandflowofinformation

CHAPTER17:

SearchingforEmploymentandPreparingEmploymentMessages

CHAPTEROUTLINE

BuildingTowardaCareer

UnderstandingToday’sChangingWorkplace

HowtheChangingWorkplaceAffectsHiringPractices

WhatToday’sEmployersSeekinJobApplicants

AdaptingtotheChangingWorkplace

WhatDoYouHavetoOffer?

WhatDoYouWanttoDo?

HowCanYouMakeYourselfMoreValuabletoEmployers?

SeekingEmploymentintheChangingWorkplace

UnderstandingEmployers’ApproachtotheEmploymentProcess

OrganizingYourApproachtotheEmploymentProcess

StayAbreastofBusinessandFinancialNews

ResearchSpecificCompanies

Network

FindCareerCounseling

PreparingRésumés

PlanningYourRésumé

AnalyzePurposeandAudience

InvestigatePertinentInformation

AdaptYourRésumétoYourAudience

WritingYourRésumé

OrganizeYourRésuméAroundYourStrengths

TheChronologicalRésumé

TheFunctionalRésumé

TheCombinationRésumé

ComposeYourRésumétoImpress

NameandAddress

CareerObjectiveorSummaryofQualifications

Education

WorkExperience,Skills,andAccomplishments

ActivitiesandAchievements

PersonalData

CompletingYourRésumé

ReviseYourRésumé

ProduceYourTraditionalRésumé

ConvertingYourTraditionalRésumétoaScannableFormat

PrepareYourRésuméinASCIIFormat

ImprovetheLookofYourScannableRésumé

ProvideaListofKeyWords

BalanceCommonLanguagewithCurrentJargon

SubmittingScannableRésumés

BuildinganOnlineRésumé

ProofreadYourRésumé

PreparingOtherTypesofEmploymentMessages

ApplicationLetters

GettingAttention

BuildingInterestandIncreasingDesire

MotivatingAction

AdaptingStyleandApproachtoCulture

Job-InquiryLetters

ApplicationFollow-Ups

LECTURENOTES

BuildingTowardaCareer

Theworkplaceisexperiencingmanychanges,therefore

Employersarehiringmoretemporaryworkersandconsultants,ratherthanhiringlifelongemployees

Employeesaremorewillingtomovefromcompanytocompany

Morejobsarewithsmallbusinessesthanwithlargecompanies

Self-employmentisanincreasinglyattractiveoption

Employersarelookingforpeoplewho

Areableandwillingtoadapttodiversesituations

Thriveinanever-changingworkplace

Continuetolearnthroughouttheircareers

Areteamplayerswithstrongworkrecords

Havediversifiedskillsandvariedjobexperience

Aresensitivetointerculturaldifferences（andhaveperhapsstudiedabroad）

Haveasoundunderstandingofinternationalaffairs（andhaveperhapsevenlearnedanotherlanguage）

Toprepareforajobsearch,youneedtoanalyzewhatyouhavetooffer:

Yourachievements

Specificskills

Educationalpreparation

Workexperience

Extracurricularactivities

Personalcharacteristics

Tohelpdetermineyourinterests,aptitudes,andpersonalitytraits,consultyourcollegeplacementoffice.

Todiscoverwhatsortofjobyou’dlike,askyourselfthefollowing:

Whatwouldyouliketodoeveryday?

Howwouldyouliketowork?

Whatspecificcompensationdoyouexpect?

Canyouestablishsomegeneralcareergoals?

Whatsizecompanywouldyouprefer?

Whattypeofoperationisappealingtoyou?

Whatlocationwouldyoulike?

Whatfacilitiesdoyouenvision?

Whatsortofcorporatecultureareyoumostcomfortablewith?

Tomakeyourselfmoredesirabletopotentialemployers,tryto

Keepanemploymentportfolio

Takeinterimassignments

Workonpolishingandupdatingyourskills

Continuelearning,growing,andpreparingevenafteryou’vebeenhired

Howemployersapproachtheemploymentprocess:

Theyprefertolookforcandidateswithintheirorganization.

Whenhiringfromoutside,employersrelyheavilyonreferralsfrompeopletheyknowandtrust.

Manyemployerssendrecruiterstocollegecampusestoconductinterviews.

Employersalsouseemploymentagenciesandservices,advertisements,andInternetpostings.

Howyoucanapproachtheemploymentprocess:

Gatherasmuchinformationasyoucan,narrowingitasyougoalong.

Stayabreastofbusinessandfinancialnews.

Researchspecificcompanies.

UsetheInternettolearnaboutpotentialemployers,lookforjobopenings,andrespondtojobopenings.

Network.

Findcareercounseling.

PreparingRésumés

Planningyourrésuméincludes

Analyzingyourpurposeandaudience

Investigatingpertinentinformation

Adaptingyourrésumétoyouraudience

Yourrésuméis

Astructured,writtensummaryofyoureducation,youremploymentbackground,andyourjobqualifications

Aformofadvertising

Intendedtogetyouaninterviewwithprospectiveemployers

Yourpurposeinwritingarésuméistocreateinterestandlandaninterview,nottotellreaderseverythingaboutyou.

Trytolearnsomethingaboutthespecificpersonswhowillseeyourapplicationandrésumésothatyoucantailoryourrésumétoyouraudience’sneeds.

Beforepreparingyourrésumé,gathereverscrapofinformationyoumightpossiblyneed.

Toadaptyourrésumétoyouraudience,you

Adopta“you”attitude

Customizeyourrésuméfordifferentsituationsanddifferentemployers

Combineyourexperiencesintoastraightforwardmessagethatcommunicateswhatyoucandoforyourpotentialemployer

Successfulrésumésconveysevenqualitiesthatemployersseek,showingthatyou

Thinkintermsofresults

Knowhowtogetthingsdone

Arewellrounded

Showsignsofprogress

Havepersonalstandardsofexcellence

Areflexibleandwillingtotrynewthings

Possessstrongcommunicationskills

Organizeyourrésuméaroundyourstrengthsbycallingattentiontoyourbestfeaturesanddownplayingyourweaknesses—withoutdistortingormisrepresentingthefacts.

ETHICALDILEMMA:

IsitnecessarytotelltheWHOLEtruth?

Campusrecruitingseasonisrapidlyapproaching,andyou’respendingallyourfreetimegettingyourrésuméintoshape.Asyoutacklethesectionthatsummarizesyouracademiccredentials,you’retemptedtoomitthatone-semesteratawell-knownwesternpartyschoolwhereyoudiscoveredthatcruisinginthefastlaneishardonaperson’sgrade-pointaverage.

Shouldyouomitanyreferencetothefactthatyouflunkedoutinyourfreshmanyear?

Solution:

Includethenameoftheschoolandthedatesofyourenrollment,butdon’tsaythatyouflunkedout.Iftheinterviewerasksyouaboutyoursemesterthere,youcanexplainwhathappenedandemphasizethatyoulearnedfromtheexperience.Thefactthatyourecoveredandperformedwellatanotherschoolshowsyourabilitytoprofitfromyourmistakes—ausefulqualityinanybusinesssetting.

Focusattentiononyourstrongestpointsbyadoptinganorganizationalapproach:

Chronological

Functional

Combination

Achronologicalrésuméemphasizesyourworkexperience,placingthatsectioninthemostprominentposition（immediatelyafterthenameandaddressandtheobjective）:

Listyourjobssequentiallyinreverseorder,beginningwiththemostrecentpositionandworkingbackwardtowardearlierjobs.

Foreachlisting,describeyourresponsibilitiesandaccomplishments.

Ifyouarearecentgraduate,youcanvarythisapproachbyputtingyoureducationalqualificationsbeforeyourexperience.

Thechronologicalapproachhasthreekeyadvantages:

Employersarefamiliarwithitandcaneasilyfindinformation.

Thisapproachhighlightsgrowthandcareerprogression.

Thisapproachhighlightsemploymentcontinuityandstability.

Thechronologicalapproachisespeciallyappropriateforcandidateswithastrongemploymenthistorywhoareaimingforajobthatbuildsontheircurrentcareerpath.

Thefunctionalrésuméemphasizesalistofskillsandaccomplishments,identifyingemployersandacademicexperienceinsubordinatesections:

Listyourskillsandaccomplishmentsinthemostprominentposition.

Stressindividualareasofcompetence.

Thefunctionalapproachhasthreeadvantages:

Employersareabletoseewhatyoucandoforthem,withouthavingtoreadthrougheveryjobdescription.

Youcanemphasizeearlierjobexperience.

Youcande-emphasizeanylackofcareerprogressorlengthyunemployment.

Thefunctionalapproachisespeciallyappropriateforcandidateswhoarejustenteringthejobmarket,whowanttoredirecttheircareers,orwhohavelittlecontinuouscareer-relatedexperience.

Thecombinationrésuméincludesthebestfeaturesofthechronologicalandfunctionalapproaches,butitisnotcommonlyused:

Ittendstobelonger.

Itcanberepetitiousifyouhavetolistyouraccomplishmentsandskillsbothinthefunctionalsectionandinthechronologicaljobdescriptions.

Tocomposeanimpressiverésumé,tryto

Stateyourinformationasforceful