unit6howamericalives练习答案.docx
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unit6howamericalives练习答案.docx
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unit6howamericalives练习答案
Unit6
HowAmericaLives
ConsolidationActivities
I.TextComprehension
1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTamajoraspectoftheAmericanlifediscussedby
theauthor
A.
Agricultureandtransportation.
B.
Marriageandwomen'ssocialstatus.
C.
Socialwelfareandeducation.
D.
Familyvalueandhousing.
Key:
[A]
2.Judge,accordingtothetext,whetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.
1).Youngpeoplestillgetmarried,butthedivorcerateishigherthantheremarriage
ratebecausemanydon'twanttoraisechildren.[F]
2).Theauthorwelcomesthefreerpatternsoftoday'scourtshipandmarriagebecause
manyyoungkidsofhistimesufferedbitterly.[T]
3).Todaystillveryfewwomeninuniversitiesaregoinguptotheathleticprograms
anddemandingajustshareofthephysicaleducationbudget.[F]
4).Americanpublicschoolstodayareinferiortothosedecadesago.[T]
5).Buildersseemnotwillingtoerectsmallhomesforyoungmarriedcouplesbecause
itisnotveryprofitable.[T]
II.WritingStrategies
Thistextisanessayofexposition,foritpresentssolidfactsandmajor
problemsaboutAmericansociallife,thoughthewriterinsertshisownideasattimes.
Thewholearticleisclearlyorganized,concentratingonthemajorchangesand
problemsincurrentAmericansociety.Theparagraphsaredevelopedbythedeductive
method.Eachparagraphcontainsatopicsentence,whichisproved,explained,or
illustrated.Forexample,eachofthefirstthreeparagraphsbeginswithatopic
sentence.Canyoupointoutthetopicsentencesofparagraphs4-8
Itiseasytoseethateachparagraphstartswithatopicsentence:
Paragraph4:
"Americanwomenarechangingtherules."
Paragraph5:
"Americaisworriedaboutitsschools."
Paragraph6:
"SomeAmericansmustliveonwelfare."
Paragraph7:
"Americacannotfindhousingforitsyoungfamilies."
Paragraph8:
"Ourprospectsarestillgood."
Inordertoimpressivelyillustrate,prove,orsupportthetopicstatements,theauthoremploysvariouswritingstrategies,suchascomparisonandcontrastthatareusedtoshowthesimilaritiesanddifferencesconcerningtheissuesunderdiscussion.Forinstance,thebeginningparagraphcontainsfivesentencesthattellustherelevantsimilaritiesanddifferencesbymeansofcomparisonandcontrast.
Canyoupickoutsomesentencesinotherparagraphsthatshowarelevantcontrast
InParagraph2:
"The1980election,especiallyfortheSenateandHouseof
Representatives,signaledadecidedturntotherightinsofaraspoliticalandsocialattitudeswereconcerned.Itisasifourcountryspentthe1960sand1970sjealouslybreakingoutofoldrestraintsandnowwishestoputthebrakeson,ascautiouspeopleoftendoafterabinge."
InParagraph4:
"ThirtyyearsagoIcouldnothaveimaginedagroupofwomenemployeessuingamajorcorporationformillionsofdollarsofsalarywhich,theyalleged,hadbeendeniedthembecausetheyhadbeendiscriminatedagainst.Norcould
Iimaginewomeninuniversitiesgoinguptothemenwhorantheathleticprogramsanddemandingajustshareofthephysicaleducationbudget.Buttheyaredoingthis
—andwiththesupportofmanymenwhorecognizethejusticeoftheirclaims."
InParagraph5:
"IfIhadachildtoday,Iwouldsendherorhimtoaprivate
schoolforthesakeofsafety,forthedisciplinethatwouldbeenforcedandfor
thattheconditionhasbeenallowedtodevelopForamajornationtoshowitself
insofaraspoliticaland
youngpeopleisadmitting
III.LanguageWork
1.Explaintheunderlinedpartineachsentenceinyourownwords.
1).Theybelongtochurches,eventhoughtheyattendsomewhatlessfrequently.
believeinChristianityandaremembersoftheChristianchurches
2).The1980electionsignaledadecidedturntotherightsocialattitudeswereconcerned.
insofaras:
totheextentthat;wereconcerned:
wereinvolved
3).Withoutreservation,Iapplaudthefreerpatternsoftoday.
Withwhole-heartedsupport
4).Foramajornationtoshowitselfimpotenttohouseitsafailurethatmustbecorrected.
todisplayitsinability5.Wehaveaphysicalsettingofremarkableintegrity.
anextraordinarilyunspoiltphysicalenvironment
2.Fillineachblankwithoneofthetwowordsfromeachpairintheirappropriateformsandnotethediffereneeofmeaningbetweenthem.
restraintconstraint
1.Optionsareofferedsubjecttostaffavailabilityandtimetableconstraints.
2.Remindingallconcernedthatvioleneebreedsviolenee,theyrepeattheirappealforcalmandrestraint.
3.Theappalledchiefwarnedhisviolentofficerstoshowrestraint.
4.Wehavejustbeenlookingatthenumberofcoalmineaccidents,andtheycan
certainlybeabigconstraintonwhatChinaisstrivingfor.
1.Weareexpectingrainagainlatethisafternoonaccordingtotheweatherreport.
2.Adrawseemstobethebesttheycanhopefor.
3.Ican'tmanagethatbymyself,andIdon'tseewhyitshouldbeexpectedofmeeither.
4.
DipIomatshopethemeetingswillhelpbuildmutualtrust.
1.TherejectionoftheplanbytheCongressthreeweeksagoledtoamajorprotestbytheadministration.
2.TheirrefusaltocompromisewillinevitablyinvitemorecriticismfromtheUN.
3.Hisrefusaltotalkwassheerstubbornness.
4.Therejectionofsuchinitiativesindicatesthatthevotersareunconcernedaboutenvironmental
allegeassert
1.Mr.HelmplannedtoassertthatthebillviolatedtheFirstAmendment.
2.Shehasstrongfeelingsabouttheallegedgrowthofvioleneeagainstfemaleofficers.
3.TheNordiccountrieshavebeenquicktoasserttheirinterestinthedevelopmentoftheBalticcountries.
4.Theenquirerdugdeeperintotheallegedfinancialmisdeedsofhisgovernment.
3.Fillintheblankineachsentencewithawordorphrasetakenfromthebox,
usingitsappropriateform.
dole
1).Whenhisprospectiveempioyerslearnedthathesmoked,theysaidtheywouldn'thirehim.
2).Inhimthepolaritiesoflifeareresolvedandbalaneed,maleandfemale,strengthandcompassion,severityandmercy.
3).Inarticulateandrathershy,hehadalwaysdreadedspeakinginpublic.
4).Allegationsofbrutalityandthefthavebeenleveledatthearmy.
5).Ourgovernmentcannotkeepdolingoutmoneytothosewhoarefastidiousaboutthejobsofferedtothem.
6).Hewasdeeplygrievedbythesufferingsofthecommonpeople.
7).Manystudieshaveshownthat"restrainedeaters"willeventuallybingeandrelapse.
8).Hereaffirmedhiscommitmenttothecountry'seconomicreformprogram.
4.Makeasentenceofyourownforeachofthegivenwordswithmeaningsotherthanthoseusedinthetext.Youmaychangethepartofspeechofthesewords.
1).couple
Over-useofthosedrugs,coupledwithpoordiet,leadstophysicaldegeneration.
2).tax
Overcrowdinghastaxedthecity'sabilitytodealwithwaste.
3).turn
Sheannouncedthatshewasgoingtoturnprofessional.
4).just
It'snotjustafinancialmatter.
5)
atonce.
.sharp
Inthehotsuntherain-washedherbssmelledsharp,spicy,andsweetall
6).husky
Hisvoicewashuskywithgrief.
parenthesis,whichprovidesthemostnaturaldevelopmentofthought.
rmafraidIdidn'tunderstandmuchofit.
(2)
Conseguently(Consequently/0ntheotherhand/However)Ireadlessthanhalfofit!
formywork.(5)Besides(Infact/Thus/Besides),thisisn'tthefirsttimethat「ve
triedtofindoutsomethingaboutit,asyoumayremember.(6)Therefore
However
(Therefore/Infact/Andyet)youcanseermnotgivingup!
(7)(Furthermore/However/Thus)Ihaven'tgotalotoftimetospendonit.(8)So(So/Nevertheless/Ontheotherhand)perhapsyou'dbegoodenoughtosendmethatsimplerbookyoumentioned.
6.Putawordineachblankthatisappropriateforthecontext.
MostAmericanshavegreatvigorandenthusiasm.Theyprefertodiscipline
IV.Translation
1.TranslatingSentences
TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.
YoutakethechaneeontheweatherifyouholidayintheUK.
(insofaras)
2).只要超级大国减少核战争的危险,我们便将进入一个较为安全的时代。
Wewillbeenteringaperiodoflessdangerinsofarasthedangerofanuclearwarbetweenthesuperpowersisreduced.
Facingsuchhighmortality,thegovernmentisdeterminedtoputthebrakesonunlicensedcoalmining.
4).这条路沿海岸线延伸了几英里,然后转向内陆。
(clingto)
Theroadclingstothecoastlineforseveralmiles,andthenitturnsinland.
6).随着这些孩子在社会温暖的关爱下渐渐长大,孤儿生活的痛苦记忆也就渐渐淡忘了。
参考译文
悖论随处可见。
我们可以认为我们的政府软弱、愚蠢、专横、虚伪、低效,但同时我们
V.OralActivities
quarrelling,fighting,andevenkillingbecauseoftrafficproblems
Hong:
Oh,yes.Evenanewterm,RoadRage,hascomeintobeing.Thenumberofmotorvehiclesisdrasticallyincreasing.Andtrafficjamsoccuralmostallthetimeandinallplaces.That'sbecausetheconstructionofroadsandhighwayscanneverkeeppacewiththegrowingnumberofnewcars.Whenthedriversfindthemselvesdeterredordelayedontheway,theytendtogetfrustrated,andtheirfrustrationisvented
andfighting,asyou'vementioned,seemsunavoidable.
byopeningmorebusroutesandbuildingmoresubwaystheuseofsedancarsbyofficials,ontheother.And
ofcourse,thepeoplethatdrivecarsshouldobservetrafficregulationsandshowrespectforothers.
I:
That'sright.Bytheway,whatcanweuniversitystudentsdo
Hong:
Oh,quitealot.Forexample,youcanworkasvolunteers,helpingmaintain
abidebytheregulations.
2.
HavingADiscussion
years,Chinahasbeenrestoringhertraditionofsocialvirtues,makinggreatachievementsinallwalksoflifeandlayingasolidfou
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