高考英语的阅读理解专项训练及解析.docx

高考英语的阅读理解专项训练及解析.docx

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高考英语的阅读理解专项训练及解析

高考英语的阅读理解专项训练及解析

一、高考英语阅读理解专项训练

1．阅读理解

   Formanyparents,raisingateenagerislikefightingalongwar,butyearsgobywithoutanyclearwinner.Likeaborderconflictbetweenneighboringcountries,theparent-teenwarisaboutboundaries:

WhereisthelinebetweenwhatIcontrolandwhatyoudo?

   Bothsideswantpeace,butneitherfeelsithasanypowertostoptheconflict.Inpart,thisisbecauseneitheriswillingtoadmitanyresponsibilityforstartingit.Fromtheparents'pointofview,theonlycauseoftheirfightistheiradolescents'completeunreasonableness.Andofcourse,theteensseeitinexactlythesameway,exceptoppositely.Bothfeeltrapped.

   Inthisarticle,I'lldescribethreeno-winsituationsthatcommonlyarisebetweenteensandparentsandthensuggestsomewaysoutofthetrap.Thefirstno-winsituationisquarrelonunimportantthings.Examplesincludethecoloroftheteen'shair,thecleannessofthebedroom,thepreferredstyleofclothing,thechild'sfailuretoeatagoodbreakfastbeforeschool,orhistendencytosleepuntilnoonontheweekends.Second,blaming.Thegoalofablamingbattleistomaketheotheradmitthathisbadattitudeisthereasonwhyeverythinggoeswrong.Third,needingtoberight.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatthetopicis—politics,thelawsofphysics,ortheproperwaytobreakanegg—thepointoftheseargumentsistoprovethatyouarerightandtheotherpersoniswrong,forbothwishtobeconsideredanauthority—someonewhoactuallyknowssomething—andthereforetocommandrespect.Unfortunately,aslongasparentsandteenscontinuetoassumethattheyknowmorethantheother,they'llcontinuetofightthesebattlesforeverandnevermakeanyrealprogress.

（1）Whydoestheauthorcomparetheparentteenwartoaborderconflict?

A. Bothcancontinueforgenerations.                

B. Bothareaboutwheretodrawtheline.

C. Neitherhasanyclearwinner.                          

D. Neithercanbeputtoanend.

（2）WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mean?

A.Theteensblametheirparentsforstartingtheconflict.

B.Theteensagreewiththeirparentsonthecauseoftheconflict.

C.Theteensaccusetheirparentsofmisleadingthem.

D.Theteenstendtohaveafullunderstandingoftheirparents.

（3）Parentsandteenswanttoberightbecausetheywantto__________.

A.giveorderstotheother

B.knowmorethantheother

C.gainrespectfromtheother

D.gettheothertobehaveproperly

（4）Whatwilltheauthormostprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?

A.Causesfortheparent-teenconflicts

B.Examplesoftheparent-teenwar

C.Solutionstotheparent-teenproblems

D.Futureoftheparent-teenrelationship

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，对于父母来说，抚养一个十几岁的孩子就像是打一场持久战，但是是一场没有赢家的持久战。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Likeaborderconflictbetweenneighboringcountries,theparent-teenwarisaboutboundaries:

WhereisthelinebetweenwhatIcontrolandwhatyoudo?

”可知和邻国之间的边界纷争一样，两代人之间的战争是关于界限的：

我所能控制的和你所做的之间的界限。

选B。

（2）考查句义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Fromtheparents'pointofview,theonlycauseoftheirfightistheiradolescents'completeunreasonableness.”可知，从父母的观点来看，他们之间斗争的唯一原因就是他们的青春期的孩子的完全不讲道理。

划线句子意为:

青少年也正好是同样的方式看待的，只是正好相反的，也就是在孩子们看来，斗争的原因完全是他们的父母蛮不讲理。

选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Third,needingtoberight,Itdoesn'tmatterwhatthetopicis–politics.Thelawsofphysics,ortheproperwaytobreakanegg–thepointoftheseargumentsistoprovethatyouarerightandtheotherpersoniswrong,forbothwishtobeconsideredanauthority—someonewhoactuallyknowssomething—and thereforetocommandrespect”可知，他们争论的话题是什么不重要，重要的是他们要证明自己是对的，而对方是不对的，从而赢得尊重。

选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据由最后一段中的“Inthisarticle,I'lldescribethreeno-winsituationsthatcommonlyarisebetweenteensandparentsandthensuggestsomewaysoutofthetrap.”可知，在这篇文章中，作者将描述三种通常会引起青少年和父母之间斗争的情形，然后提出几种解决的方法。

最后一段介绍了三种情形，所以接下来讨论的该是解决的方法了。

选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   NASAhasanewjoblisting,andit'snojoke.TheUSspaceagencyislookingfora"joker"tojointheirplannedmissiontoMars.

   AmissiontoMarsisnolaughingmatter.Onaverage,theredplanetis140millionmiles（225millionkilometers）awayfromEarth.Atriptherewouldtakearoundeightmonthsinasmallspacecraft.AndMarshasacommunicationsdelayof20minutes.Thismeansthatastronautswillhavetowait20minutesforareply,whenanemergencyhappens.

   "Whenyou'relivingwithothersinaconfinedspaceforalongperiodoftime,suchasonamissiontoMars,problemsarelikelytooccur,"JeffreyJohnson,ascientistattheUniversityofFlorida,toldTheGuardian.

   ThisisprobablywhyNASAwantsanastronautwithasenseofhumor."Thesearepeoplethathavetheabilitytopulleveryonetogether,"Johnsonsaid.

   Instressfulsituations,perhapshumorisawaytoknowwearen'talone.Bylaughingtogether,weshareourstress.Thenwecanfocusonourjobsinsteadofjustworrying.

   Thereareotherexamplesofteam"clowns".OneexampleisthejourneytotheSouthPoleledbyNorwegianexplorerRoaldAmundsen.Itwasadifficultjourneyfullofdanger.AdolfLindstrom,acookatAmundsen'steam,wasa"clown".Hemadepeoplelaughthroughthewholejourney.AmundsenlaterwrotethatLindstromwasthemostvaluablememberoftheteam.

   Butifyou'rehopingthatyourfavoriteTVcomedianwillflytoMars,thatprobablywon'thappen.

   "Beingfunnywon'tbeenoughtolandsomebodythejob,"Johnsonsaid."Theyalsoneedtobeanexcellentengineer."

   Besides,theymustbeintopphysicalcondition.

（1）WhatisNASA'snewjoblisting?

A. Afunnyengineer.       

B. Atalentedclown.       

C. Agoodcook.       

D. Apopularcomedian.

（2）Whatdoes"aconfinedspace"inParagraph3referto?

A. afullspace               

B. anemptyspace               

C. anopenspace               

D. asmallspace.

（3）Howdoestheauthorthinkhumorcanhelpastronauts?

A. Itcanstopthemfromfeelingbored.              B. Itcanpromoteteamworkonamission.

C. Itcanmakethemfeellesshomesick.             

D. Itcanhelpthemknowthemselvesbetter.

（4）What'stheauthor'spurposeofgivingtheexampleofthecook?

A. Totellusthatwhatexplorerseatontheirjourneyisveryimportant.

B. Toprovethatanamateurcanplayamoreimportantrolethanaprofessional.

C. Tomakethepointthathumorouspeoplecancheerpeopleupindifficultsituations.

D. TorevealthatamissiontoMarsismoredifficultthanajourneytotheSouthPole.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由美国宇航局寻找一位幽默的工程师来和宇航员一起执行航天任务介绍了幽默对宇航员的重要作用。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“‘Beingfunnywon'tbeenoughtolandsomebodythejob,’Johnsonsaid.‘Theyalsoneedtobeanexcellentengineer.’”可知，美国宇航局的新工作是幽默的工程师，故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“suchasonamissiontoMars,”可知，与在地球上生活的宽广空间不同，在火星任务中，你需要和其他人一起在狭小的航天器内生活很长一段时间，由此可知画线词词义为“狭小的空间、有限的空间”，故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“Theseare.peoplethathavetheabilitytopulleveryonetogether,”可知，幽默的人有能力把每个人都团结在一起，也就是说幽默能够促进宇航员在任务中的团队合作，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的“Instressfulsituations,perhapshumorisawaytoknowwearen'talone.Bylaughingtogether,weshareourstress.”可知，在压力大的情况下，幽默是一种减压的方式，第六段第一句话又说有很多团队小丑的例子，紧接着举厨师的例子就是为了证明这一点，即：

幽默的人能使人在困难的情况下振作起来，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

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A. Theyhavecyclingactivities.                            

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C. VisitorsenjoytheThreeGorgesscenery.        

D. Visitorspaythesameamountofmoney.

（2）WhatisspecialaboutTourRoute2?

A.Touristscantravelbybike.

B.Touristscanvisitahugedam.

C.Touristscandinewithafamily.

D.Itisthemostexpensiveofthefour.

（3）WherecanvisitorsenjoyChina'srareanimals?

A.TourRoute1.

B.TourRoute2.

C.TourRoute3.

D.TourRoute4.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）B

（3）