北京地区英语学位上半年试题及答案.docx
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北京地区英语学位上半年试题及答案.docx
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北京地区英语学位上半年试题及答案
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试
2011.5月试题
PartI ReadingComprehension(30%)
Directions:
Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
Passage1
QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Spending50minuteswithacellphoneclosetoyourearisenoughtochangebraincellactivityinthepartofthebrainclosesttotheantenna(天线)。
Butwhetherthatcausesanyharmisnotclear,scientistsattheNationalInstituteofHealthsaidataconferencelastmonth,addingthatthestudywillnotlikelysettleconcernsofalinkbetweencellphonesandbraincancer.“Whatweshowedisglucose(葡萄糖)metabolism(代谢)(asignofbrainactivity)increasesinthebraininpeoplewhowereexposedtoacellphoneintheareaclosesttotheantenna,"saidDr.NoraVolkowoftheNIH,whosestudywaspublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.(76)Thestudywasmeanttoexaminehowthebrainreactstoelectromagneticfieldscausedbywirelessphonesignals.
Volkowsaidshewassurprisedthattheweakelectromagneticradiation(电磁辐射)fromcellphonescouldaffectbrainactivity,butshesaidthefindingsdonotshedanylightonwhethercellphonescausecancer.“Thisstudydoesnotinanywayindicatethat.Whatthestudydoesistoshowthehumanbrainissensitivetoelectromagneticradiationfromcellphoneexposures.”Useofthedeviceshasincreaseddramaticallysincetheywereintroducedintheearlyl980s,withabout5billioncellphonesnowinuseworldwide.
Somestudieshavelinkedcellphoneexposuretoanincreasedriskofbraincancers.butalargestudybytheWorldHealthOrganizationdidnotofferaclearanswertothis.Volkow‘steamstudied47peoplewhohadtheirbrainexaminedwhileacellphonewasturnedonfor50minutesandanotherwhilethephonewasturnedoff.Whiletherewasnocompletechangeinbrainmetabolism,theyfounda7percentincreaseinbrainmetabolismintheregionclosesttothecellphoneantennawhenthephonewason.(77)Expertssaidtheresultswereinteresting,buturgedthattheybeunderstoodwithgreatcare.“Althoughthebiologicalsignificance,ifany,ofincreasedglucosemetabolismfromtoomuchcellphoneexposureisunknown,theresultsrequirefurtherinvestigation,”HenryLaioftheUniversityofWashingtonintheU.S.andDr.LennartHardellofUniversityHospitalinSweden,wroteinanarticleinJAMA.“Muchhastobedonetofurtherinvestigateandunderstandtheseeffects.”theywrote.
1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Cellphoneuseisdangerous.
B.Cellphoneusecausescancer.
C.Thehumanbrainisanelectromagneticfield.
D.Thereareabout5billioncellphoneusersintheworldrightnow.
2.DoctorVolkowwasastonishedbecause______.
A.herresearchhasshedlightonherunderstandingofcellphone
B.shefoundthatcellphoneexposureisharmfultohumanbrain
C.shefoundthatusingacellphoneforabout50minutescouldinfluenceorchangebrainactivity
D.humanbrainisnotresponsivetoelectromagneticradiation
3.Accordingtothepassage,cellphoneswerelaunched_______.
A.inthelate1970s B.between1980and1985
B.inthelate1980s D.intheearly1990s
4.Whatdoestheword“that”standforinthesecondparagraph?
A.Brainactivity.
B.Herresearchfindings.
C.Thefactthatcellphoneusemaycausecancer.
D.Herresearchprogress.
5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?
A.CellPhoneRadiation:
IsItHarmful?
B.CellPhoneRadiati0n:
IsItUseful?
C.CellPhoneRadiation:
IsItHealthy?
D.CellPhoneRadiation:
IsItWeak?
Passage2
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
Humanbeingshavealwayshadanabilitytoattendtoseveralthingsatonce.(78)Noriselectronicmultitaskingentirelynew:
We'vebeendrivingwhile1isteningtocarradiossincetheybecamepopularinthel930s.ButthereisnodoubtthatmultitaskinghasreachedakindofwarpspeedintheeraofWeb-enabledcomputers,whenithasbecomeroutinetoconductseveralIM(即时通讯)conversations,watchTVandusethecomputerallatonce.
Butwhat‘stheimpactofthismediaconsumption?
Andhowarethesemultitaskingdeviceschanginghowkidslearn,reasonandcommunicatewithoneanother?
Socialscientistsandeducatorsarejustbeginningtodealwiththesequestions,buttheresearchersalreadyhavesomestrongopinions.
(79)Althoughmultitaskingkidsmaybebetterpreparedinsomewaysfortoday‘sfast-pacedworkplace,manyscientistsarepositivelyalarmedbythetrend.Kidsthatareinstantmessagingwhiledoinghomework,playinggamesonlineandwatchingTV,aren’tgoingtodowellinthelongrun.
Onthepositiveside,multitaskingstudentstendtobeextraordinarilygoodatfindingandusinginformation.Andprobablybecausemodemchildhoodcentersaroundvisual(视觉的)ratherthanprintmedia,theyareespeciallyskilledatanalyzingvisualdataandimages.
Manyeducatorsandpsychologistssayparentsneedtoactivelyensurethattheirteenagersbreakfreeofuncontrollableengagementwithscreensandspendtimeinthephysicalcompanyofhumanbeings—agrowingchallengenotjustbecausetechnologyofferssuchahandyoptionbutbecausesomanykidsleadhighlyscheduledlivesthatleavelittletimeforold—fashionedsocializingandfamilymeals.Indeed,manyteenagersandcollegestudentssayovercommitted(任务过重的)schedulesdrivemuchoftheirmultitasking.
Justasimportantisforparentsandeducatorstoteachkidsthatit‘svaluable,evenessential,tooccasionallyslowdown,unplugandtaketimetoenjoylifebeyondthescreen.
A.Howismultitaskingdefine(定义)intheinformationage?
B.Howdopeopleseenewtechnologyandthesocialchangeitbringsabout?
C.Howdoestechnologychangemodernfamilylife?
D.What‘stheimpactofmultitaskingonyoungpeople?
7.Theexpression“warpspeed”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto____.
A.Lowspeed
B.Toomuchtimealone.
C.highspeed
D.steadyspeed
8.Accordingtosometeenagersandcollegestudents,whatcausestheirmultitasking?
A.Overcommittedschedules
B.Toomuchtimealone
C.Inabilitytofocus
D.Fearofbeingneglected
9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?
A.Humanshavebeguntoengageinthemultitaskingbehaviorssincetheinformationage.
B.Multitaskingisacriticalskillthatstudentsarerequiredtolearnatschool.
C.Onlyparentscanhelptheirkidstogetridofthemultitaskinghabits.
D.multitaskingmaypreparestudentsfortherealityoftoday‘sfast-pacesworkenvironment.
10.Whatdoeducatorsandpsychologistadviseparentstodotheirmultitaskingkids?
A.Tocutoffhomeinternetconnection.
B.Toseekmedicaltreatment.
C.Toencouragetheirkidstohavesomesociallife.
D.tohelptheirkidstosetpersonalgoalsPassage3
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
ThenuclearpoweremergencyataJapaneseatomicpowerplantlastMarchcouldleadtoamajorre-examinationinEuropeancountriesthatarealreadybuildingsuchplantsorareconsideringashiftfromfossil(化石)fuelstonuclearenergytofightclimatechange.Withtheterribleaccident,25yearsagoinChernobyl(切尔诺贝利)beginningtofadeinEuropeanmemories,governmentsacrossEuropehavegrownmoreopentousingmorenuclearpower.EnthusiasmfornuclearpowerisparticularlystronginEasternEurope,whichwantstomoveawayfromdependenceonRussianoilandnaturalgas,andonheavilypollutingcoal—firedpowerplants.Easterngovernmentshavebegunimprovingexistingnuclearplantsorarebuildingorplanningnewones.ButasJapanstruggledtodealwithhernuclearcrisis,discussionaboutthegoodandthebadofnuclearpowerbecameheated.
(80)InGermany,nuclearpowerhasbeenarepeatedlyarguedandwidelyfeltissuefordecades.Upto70percentofGermansopposenuclearpower.Recently,about40,000peopleturnedouttoformahumanchainnearanuclearplanttoprotestgovernmentpoliciesonnuclearpower.“TheaccidentinJapancouldleadtoamajorrethinkinEurope,”saidHenrikPaulitzoftheInternationalDoctorsforthePreventionofNuclearWar.“Governmentshavenotbeenquiteopenaboutthesafetylevelsofthenuclearpowerplants.”
Chancellor(总理)AngelaMerkelheadsacenter-fightunitygovernmentthatsupportstheuseofnuclearpower.Hergovernmentrecentlymadeadisputeddecisiontoextendthelifeofthecountry‘s17nuclearpowerplantsbyanaverageof12years.Shewillnowfacemorepressuretochangethatpolicy.Shecalledanemergencymeetingwithherseniorministers.“Weknowhowsafeourplantsareandthatwedonotfaceathreatfromsuchaseriousearthquakeorviolenttidalwave,”Mrs.Merkelsaidafterthemeeting.“WewilllearnwhatwecanfromtheeventsinJapan.
11.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutEuropeisTRUE?
A.ItisdependentonRussiaforgasandoil.
B.Ithasputanendtofossilfuels.
C.Ithadamajornuclearaccidentthisyear.
D.Itislikelythattheywouldrethinktheirnuclearpowerpolicies.
12. Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingstatementsaboutEasternEuropearetrueEXCEPT_______
A.theyareeagertobuildnewnuclearpowerplants
B.theyhavetotallyforgottentheChernobylaccident25yearsago
C.they
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