Applying Total Physical Response to Improving Primary School Pupils Interest in English Learning.docx
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Applying Total Physical Response to Improving Primary School Pupils Interest in English Learning.docx
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ApplyingTotalPhysicalResponsetoImprovingPrimarySchoolPupilsInterestinEnglishLearning
Acknowledgements
Iwouldliketothankallthosewhohavehelpedmetocompletethisthesis.Firstofall,Ioweagreatthanksandappreciationtomyadvisor,Mr.LuoChengyu,withoutwhoseusefulandvaluablesuggestionsthewritingofthisthesiswouldhavebeenaverytedioustask.
MythanksshouldalsobegiventoalltheteacherswhohavetaughtmemyBAcourses.Withouttheirenthusiasmandsupport,Iwon’thavethecompetencetocompletethisthesis.
Finally,Iamalsogratefultosomeofmyclassmatesandroommateswhoofferedmeencouragementandadviceinthisthesis.
Abstract
Recentyears,theforeignlanguageteachingspeciallyemphasizestheimportanceofstimulatingstudents’learninginterest.Itputgreatemphasisonmakingthestudentslearnintherelaxedatmosphere,andpeoplepaymoreandmoreattentiontotheEnglisheducationenvironment,especiallytheprimaryEnglishteachingisgettingmoreandmoreimportantwiththeincreasingattentionofsociety.PrimaryEnglishTeachingSyllabuspointsoutthatinterestisthekeyoflearningalanguagewellanditisanimportanttasktostimulatestudents’learninginterestintheprimarystage.Therefore,Englishteachingshouldgiveupthetraditionaleducationalmodel,andexploreasetmodeltosuitthepupils’developmentthatcombineschildren’spsychologicalandphysiologicalfeature.
ThisthesisaimstoillustratetheeffectofTotalPhysicalResponseteachingapproachonprimaryschoolstudents’interestinEnglish.ItexplainsthetheoreticalbasisofTPRandanalyzestheadvantageandfunctionofTPRinprimaryEnglishteaching.Italsodiscussestheconcretetraininginstimulatingandimprovingpupils’Englishlearninginterestcombiningwithsomeactivities.
Keywords:
TotalPhysicalResponselearninginterest
primaryEnglishteaching
摘要
近些年,外语教学理论界特别强调把激发学生的学习兴趣放在重要位置,强调要让学生在轻松愉快的气氛中学习外语,英语教育环境越来越受到人们的关注,特别是小学英语教学受到社会越来越多的关注并变得日益重要。
《小学英语课程标准》指出,兴趣是学好语言的关键,激发学生学习英语的兴趣是小学阶段英语教学的一项重要任务。
因此英语教学要注意结合儿童的心理和生理特点,小学英语教学应摒弃传统教学模式,要以激发学生学习兴趣为出发点,探索一套适合小学生生理,心理特点及认知发展水平的模式。
本文旨在通过对全身反应法使小学生英语学习兴趣提升的研究,阐述了全身反应法的理论基础,分析了全身反应法在小学英语课堂教学中的优势和作用,并且结合一些活动探讨了关于激发及提高小学生英语学习兴趣方面的具体操练。
关键词:
全身反应法 学习兴趣 小学英语教学
Contents
Acknowledgements……………………………………………………..……………i
Abstract(English)………………………………………………..…………………...ii
Abstract(Chinese)……………………………………………………..……………..iii
Contents……………………………………………………………..………………..iv
1Introduction………………………………………………………….…………….1
2Theoreticalbackground………………........……………………..….….…………3
2.1Studiesofinterestinforeignlanguagelearning......………...…………………3
2.1.1Interestandlearning..........................……………………………………3
2.1.2Motivationandlearning…………………...…………………………….4
2.2Thepsychologicalfeaturesofprimaryschoolpupils………………..………..5
2.2.1Thecharacteristicsofchildren…………………………………………..5
2.2.2Featuresofchildren'sattention…………………………………..............6
3EnglishteachingthroughTotalPhysicalResponse………………….………........7
3.1ThedefinitionofTPR............………………………………….….…………..8
3.2AdvantageofusingTPR…………................…………………..…………….8
3.3ThedesignofTPR………………………………………………..……..........12
3.3.1Objective……………………………………………………………….12
3.3.2Typesoflearningandteachingactivities……………………...……….12
3.3.3Learnerroles……………………………………………………………13
3.3.4Teacherroles……………………………………………………………14
3.3.5Therolesofinstructionalmaterial……………………………………..15
3.4TheprocessofdesigningtheteachingapproachofTPR………….…….......16
3.5WhentouseTPR……………………………………………………….……18
4Practicalapplications…………………………………………..…………...…….20
4.1Teachingtarget…………………………..……………………………..…….20
4.2Themainteachingactivitiesanddesign………………..……..……….….....21
5Conclusion……………………………………………………………….……....26
References………………………………………………………………..………......28
ApplyingTotalPhysicalResponsetoImprovingPrimarySchoolPupils’InterestinEnglishLearning
1.Introduction
Eventhoughmanydifferentmethodshasbeenintroducedandtriedout,butfoundunsatisfactory,primaryEnglishteachersandresearchersalsokeeponlookingforthebestmethodforEnglishlanguageteachinginChina.ItiswellknownthateducationinChinahasbeeninfluencedbytheexamination-orientedsystemforalongtime.Inatraditionalpassiveclass---teacher-centeredclass,theteachersexplaineverylanguagepointindetail,whilestudentstakenotesallthetime.Thereisnoopportunityforpupilstosayandact,butonlymemorize.Asthetimepass,pupils’learninginterestinEnglishisdecreasing.AsIknow,somepupilsareforcedintolearningEnglishbytheirparentsorteachers.Inordertomaketheirchildrengetgoodmark,parentspayalotofattentiontotheirchildren’seducationandsendthemtotakesomeEnglishlearningcoursesduringweekends,especiallythoseparentsinthebigcitiesofChina.Thepupilswouldbegraduallyboredbytheinappropriatechoiceofteachingmethodsforsometeachersfailtomaintainthepupils’interest.Einsteinhadsaidthatinterestisthebestteacher.TeachingandTextbookWritingSyllabusesforPrimarySchoolEnglishalsopointsout,“Interestisagoodteacherforpupilstolearnaforeignlanguage.”Ifpupilsareinterestedinsomething,theywillpaytheirattentionandlearnwellandeasily.Sotheactivationofpupils’interestisquiteimportantforthepresentstudy.
Agoodmethodiseasytomotivatethepupils’interestinlearning.ThroughsomeapplyingofEnglishteachinginmypracticeteachingataprimaryschool,IhavegottensomeknowledgeandunderstandingtoEnglishteaching.Frommyviewpoint,TotalPhysicalResponse(TPR)asanewlanguageteachingmethodisaneffectivewayofEnglishteaching.TPRcanhelpandencouragelearnerstosustaintheirinterestandattracttheirattention.TPRalsohelptheteachertocreatecontextsinwhichthelanguageisusefulandmeaningful.Moreover,TPRisaninterestingandeffectivewaytodeveloppupils’listeningcompetence,especiallyinthebeginningstageoflearningaforeignlanguage.
Therearefivechaptersinthisthesis:
Thefirstchapterisintroduction.ItmainlytalksaboutthepresentsituationofprimaryschoolEnglishteachinginChinaandtheexistingproblems.Accordingtotheproblems,TotalPhysicalResponseisintroducedinordertoimproveprimaryschoolstudents’interestinEnglish.
Thesecondchapteristheoreticalbackground,whichtellsstudiesofinterestinforeignlanguageandthepsychologicalfeaturesofprimaryschoolstudents.
ThethirdchaptertalksaboutEnglishteachingthroughTotalPhysicalResponse.ItbeginswiththedefinitionofTPR,theadvantagesofusingTPR.AndthenittalksaboutthedesignandtheprocessofTPRalongwithwhentousetheTPR.
Thefourthchapteristhepracticalapplicationwhichincludestheteachingtargetsandthemainteachingactivitiesanddesign.
Thefifthchapterisconclusion.ItemphasizestheimportanceofTPRinprimaryEnglishteachingandtalksaboutthelimitationofusingTPR.
2.Theoreticalbackground
ThischapterwillpresentthetheoreticalbasisofapplyingTotalPhysicalResponseteachingapproachintheprimaryEnglishclassroom:
interestandlearning,motivationandlearning,psychologicalfeaturesofprimaryschoolstudents.
2.1Studiesofinterestinforeignlanguagelearning
Interestisbeingrecognizedasaneffectivemotivationforlanguagelearningincreasingly.PrimaryEnglishteachingsyllabuspointsout:
“Interestisagoodteacherforpupilstolearnaforeignlanguage.”(See小学英语教学大纲)Whatmotivatesthemisexactlywhatintereststhemmost.Mostsuccessfullanguageteachersarethosewhocanmotivatestudentssuccessfullyandeffectively.Appropriateteachingmethodsplayanimportantroletostimulateandmotivatethepupils’learninginterest.Therefore,primaryschoolEnglishteachingshouldchoosetheappropriateteachingmethods,materials,objectivesandactivitiesaccordingtostudents’interest.Interestisthebestteacher.
2.1.1Interestandlearning
Einsteinhadsaid:
"interestisthebestteacher.'Andasiscommonlyaccepted,interestisthekeytosuccess.Everyoneshouldfirstpayattentiontothingswhichhe/sheisinterestedinandexploresactively.Forexample,ifapersonisinterestedindancing,hewouldseekopportunitiestoparticipateindanceactivelyandfeelhappy,relaxedandfun,showpositivelyandvoluntarilywhenheisdoingthat.Interestnotonlyconcernsthesurfaceofthings,italsocontactwithemotionandawarenessofpeople.Whenyouhavenocognitionofonething,youwillnothavefeelings,andtherefore,willnotbeinterestedinit.Incontrast,ifyouunderstandonethingmoreprofound,youwillgetmorefeelingandwillbemoreinterestedinit.Theinterestforaperson'sindividualdevelopmenthasthehugefunctiontoaperson'slifeandtheactivity.Itmaymakethehumantoconcentratetheenergytoobtaintheknowledge,andcompletethecurrentactivitycreatively,developtheintellect,enrichtheknowledge,andenlargetheview.
2.1.2Motivationandlearning
Motivation,asoneofstudent’sownindividualcharacteristics,isveryimportantinlanguagelearningsuccess.Neverthelessstudentswillfinditdifficulttolearnasecondlanguageintheclassroomiftheyhavenomotivation,asisprobablyoftenthecaseinschoollanguageteaching.Highmotivationmightspurlearner’slearninginterest.Motivationoftenleadslearnerstouseavarietyoflearningstrategiesthatcanfacilitategreaterskillinlanguagelearning.
Themotivationforlearningaforeignlanguageforprimaryschoolstudentsisquitedifferentfromthatofolderlearners,becausethepupilsneedn’tfacethepressureoflifeandworkjus
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