英语单词的重音规则.docx
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英语单词的重音规则.docx
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英语单词的重音规则
七大特殊单词重音规则
1.英语中派生词的重音和词根重音一致。
派生词就是一些有同样词根的词。
比如:
act,active,activelycom'parecom'parison
2.带有下列后缀的词:
-ary,-ery,-ory,-ism,-ist,-mony,-ment,-ary等,重音通常在第一个音节上。
例如:
customaryscientistslaveryfactoryrealism
3.带下列前缀的词:
a-,ab-,ac-,ad-,al-,be-,con-,de-,dis-,em-,en-,in-,mis-,re-,trans-,un-重音通常在第二音节上。
例如:
a'boutab'duceac'cedead'mirebe'longcon'sultde'tectdis'like
4.带下列后缀的词:
-aim,-ain,-cur,-eem,-duce,-ere,-firm,-gn,-oin,-oke,-ose,-pt,-rce,-self,-ume重音通常在第二音节。
containoccursinceredesignconfirm
5.带下列后缀的词:
-ade,-ain,-ee,-eer,-esque,-ette,-ique,-ine,-oon重音通常在最后一个音节。
这些词一般都是从法语中借来的词。
例如:
emplo'yeean'tiquemaga'zineci'garvolun'teergaso'line
6.带下列后缀的词:
-eous,-ial,-ian,-ic,-ics,-ient,-ion,-ious,-ish,-it,-liar,-sive,-tal,-uous重音通常在倒数第二音节上。
例如:
oc'casionre'lationas'tonishde'positmu'sician
7.但是有些派生词,比如从名词派生出来的形容词,它的重音就得发生变化,通常是后移。
例如:
'sciencescien'tific'accidentacci'dental'democratdemo'cratic'politicspo'litical
其实,英语词汇的重音位置通常是有规律的。
例如:
有些双音节词汇做名词时重音往往落在首音节上;而做动词时,重音就落在第二音节上了。
这些词汇常见的有:
addict,accent,abstract,annex等。
可见,掌握好并读准单词的重音有一定的规律可循。
为了便于记忆和学习,现将部分规则按重音位置和字母顺序
作如下归纳,并从理论上进行简要分析。
一、归类部分
.重音落在末音节的字母组合
①以-ee结尾,读音为/i:
/的词汇:
appelleechimpanzeeconfereecontesteedecreedraweeevacueeem-ployeegoateegrandeeguaranteeindicteeinductee
②以-act结尾,读音为/?
kt/的词汇,多为动词:
contactcontractdetractdistractexactenactintactinteract
③-air,-aire或-are结尾,读音为/e?
/的:
affairconcessionaireenclairmillionaireawareprepare④以-ade结尾,读音为/eid/的词汇:
arcadebrigadecolonnadeescaladeescapade(exception:
decade)
⑤以-ane结尾,读音为/ein/的词汇:
inaneinsaneprofanehumane
⑥以-ceive结尾,读音为/si:
v/的动词:
conceivedeceiveperceivereceive
⑦以-duce结尾,读音为/dju:
s/的词汇:
conducededuceinduceintroducereducereproducesubducetraduceseduce
⑧以-ease结尾,读音为/i:
z/或/i:
s/的词汇:
appeasedeceasedecreasediseaseincreasepredeceasereleasesub-leasesurcease
⑨以-een结尾,读音为/i:
n/的名词:
colleencanteenpreteenSalweenshagreenthirteenspalpeenvelevteenyestreen
⑩以-eer结尾,读音为/i?
/的名词:
cannoneercompeerdomineerengineerfronteergadgeteergazetterpamphleteerpatrioteer
(11)以-ect结尾,读音为/ekt/的动词:
affectbisectcollectdefectdirectdetectcorrectconfectconnectdisinfectejectelect
(12)以-ede结尾,读音为/i:
d/的动词:
accedeantecedeconcedeimpedeintercedeprecederecederetrocedesecedesupercede
(13)以-end结尾,读音为/end/的动词:
attendamendcommendcomprehendcontenddefenddependextendintendrepresendsubtend
(14)以-el结尾,读音为/el/的词汇:
compelimpelNobelmarcelpropelrebel(v.)
(15)以-ert结尾,读音为/?
:
t/的词汇:
assertconcertconvertdesertintrovertsubvert
(16)以-ese结尾,读/i:
s/或/i:
z/的词汇:
ChineseJapaneseNapalesesudanesetelegraphesevietnamese
(17)以-clude结尾,读音为/klu:
d/的动词:
concludeexcludeincludeoccludeprecludeseclude(18)以-esce结尾,读音为/es/的词汇:
coalescedeliquesceeffloresceevanescerecrudesce(19)以-ess结尾,读音为/es/的动词:
compressconfessdepressexpressimpressprofessredressrepresssuppresstransgress
若不是动词,以-ess结尾的词汇之重音位置不固定:
'progress'congresspro'cessun'less
(20)以-est结尾,读音为/est/的动词:
adjestcongestcontestdigestinfestprotestsuggest(21)以-ette结尾,读音为/et/的词汇:
cassettecigarettebrunettecoquettechemisetteforssettefrisettegazettegrisette
(22)以-form结尾,读音为/f?
:
m/的动词:
conformperformreformtransform(但uniform是名词)(23)以-ict结尾,读音为/ikt/的动词:
afflictconflictconstrictcontradictinflictpredictrestric(24)以-ide结尾,读音为/aid/的词汇:
asideastridebesideconfidedivideprovideresidesubside
(25)以-ign结尾,读音为/ain/的动词:
assigncondigndesignconsignresign
(26)以-ire结尾,读音为/ai?
/的动词:
conspireesquireexpiredesireinquireinspirerequirerespire
(27)以-lapse结尾,读音为/l?
ps/的词汇:
collapseprolapserelapse
(28)以-mit结尾,读音为/mit/的词汇:
admitcommitdemitemitintermitomitpermitpretermitremitsubmittransmit
(若是名词,重音落在首音节,如:
'limit'summit'vomit)(29)以-ort结尾,读音为/?
:
t/的动词:
disportdistortescortexportimportreportretortsupporttrans-port
(若是名词,重音多落在首音节:
escortexportimportbistortpurport等。
)
(30)以-ore结尾,读音为/?
:
/的词汇:
aforebeforedeploreexplorerestore
(31)以-pose结尾,读音为/p?
uz/、/p?
us/的动词:
deposedecomposeexposeimposeinterposeopposeindisposepredis-poseproposesuppose
(32)以-scribe结尾,读音为/skraib/的词汇:
conscribedescribeescribeprescribesubscribetranscribe
(33)以-scend结尾,读音为/send/的词汇:
ascendcondescenddescendtranscend
(34)以-oon结尾,读音为/u:
n/的词汇:
afternoonballoonbuffooncartooncocoondecocoondragoonfestoongalloonoctoroonpocaroon(exception:
forenoon)
(35)以-que结尾,读音为/k/的词汇:
antiqueboutiqueblottesqueburlesquearabesquecaciquecritiquegrotesqueJapanesquemystique(36)以-r结尾,现在分词和过去分词均要双写r(-red,-ring):
demurincurinterinferoccurpreferrecurrefertransfer(37)以-uct结尾,读音为/?
kt/的词汇:
conductconstructdeductinstructobstructproduct(38)以-ult结尾,读音为/?
lt/的词汇:
consultexultinsultoccultmidcultresult
(39)以-ume结尾,读音为/ju:
m/的词汇:
assumeconsumeperfumepresumesubsume
(40)以-use结尾,读音为/ju:
s/或/ju:
z/的词汇:
accuseconfuseexcuseperfuserefusesuffusetransfuse
(41)以-ure结尾,读音为/ju?
/(其中-sure读音为/?
u?
/、-ture读音为/t?
u?
/)的词汇:
accureimpureimmureinsecureinsureinurematureobscureper-dureprocuresecure(exceptions:
'epicure'manicure)
2.重音落在倒数第二个音节的字母组合:
①以-ial结尾,读音为/?
?
l/、/i?
l/或/j?
l/的词汇:
/?
?
l/:
confidentialexistentialimpartialinferentialinfluentialinitialprejudicialsacrificialsubstantial
/i?
l/:
authorialbimestrialcolloquialgressorialmaterialmercurialministerialmotorialpictorialprefatorialtectorialvisitorialbicentennialcolonial
/j?
l/:
antimonial
②以-ian结尾,读音为/?
?
n/、/i?
n/、/j?
n/的词汇:
/?
?
n/:
academicianarithmeticianacousticianelectricianEurasianLin-guisticianmusicianPersianpoliticianpractician
/i?
n/、/j?
n/:
CantabrigiancollegianColombianhistorian
rosariansalu-tatoriansubclavian
③以-ia结尾,读音为/i?
/、/j?
/、/?
?
/的词汇:
国名、地名:
AustraliaEthiopiaIndonesiaMalaysiaMauritaniaRoma-nia
医学:
abuliaachromatopsiaacidemiaacrophobiaaerophobiabilharziainsomnia
其他:
academiaacediacryptomeriarazziaencyclopedia
④以-ic结尾,读音为/ik/偶或包括以-ics结尾的词汇:
atomaticatmosphericautarkicautographicballisticclimaticcosmeticentericepidemic
⑤以-ior结尾,读音为/i?
/的词汇,形容词居多:
inferiorjuniorposteriorpriorseniorsuperiorulterior⑥以-it结尾,读音为/it/的词汇:
cohabitdemeritdiscreditdiscomfitdecrepitdepositexplicitdispiritdisinheritinspiritinheritinhabitinhibitreposittransitvisit
⑦以-scence(n.)或-scent(adj)结尾:
acescenceacquiescencedeliquescenceconvalescenceevanescenceobso-lescencereminiscencerenascencedecrescentmarcescentpubescentre-crudescentquiescentresipiscent
suffrutescent
⑧以-ion或-sion结尾:
accusaionabolitionconfusionexplosiondecisionimpressionpersua-sionexcitationsuggestioninvitation
3.重音落在倒数第三个音节的字母组合:
①以-fy结尾,读音为/fai/的动词:
acidifyidentifyintensifyemulsifylapidifypersonifyqualifymodifyprettifysimplifytransmogrify
②以-ical结尾,读音为/ik(?
)l/的词汇:
academicalchemicalelectricalpoliticalperiodicalencyclicalteleologi-calinimicaltheoreticaltechnological
③以-icide结尾,读音为/isaid/的词汇:
suicideaborticideacaricidefoeticidefratricideherbicideinfanticideliberticideuxoricide
④以-itude结尾,读音为/itju:
d/的词汇:
attitudedecrepitudeinfinitudelassitudelatitudeplatitude
⑤以-ity结尾,读音为/iti/的词汇:
abilitycuriositycivilityfacilityfragilityopportunitypersonalitypossibilitysensitivitysimplicityspeciality
utilityvanitywhimsicality
⑥以-graph或-phy结尾,读音为/gr?
f/或/fi/的词汇:
aerographybibliographybiographycalligraphychirographygeographylexicographyphotographyplanographytelegraphytheosophyphilosophy
⑦以-ology结尾,读音为/?
l?
d?
?
/的词汇:
aerologybibliologybryologycrytologyecologyEgyptologylexicologytechnologypestologypsychologytestaceologyteleologytheologyzoology⑧以-otomy结尾,读音为/?
t?
mi/的词汇:
neurotomytenotomytracheotomytrichotomy
⑨以-ular结尾,读音为/jul?
/的词汇:
biangularbinocularconsularinsularintercelluarocularorbicularpopularparticularsecularregulartriangular
4.词汇加了前缀后的重读位置
①重读落在第一音节的词汇,加前缀后,重读位置不变:
'dazzle—be'dazzle'operate—co'operate
'force—en'force'logical—il'logical
'literate—il'literate'constant—in'constant
②重读落在第二音节的词汇,加前缀后,原重读位置不受影响,但前缀的字母组合作为一个音节可重读或次重读:
pro'duce—'repro'duce
'graduate—'post'graduate
'national—'inter'national
im'pressionism—'neo-imp'ressionism(theonlyexception:
'finite—'infinie)
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