全国英语专业四级写作讲义2.docx
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全国英语专业四级写作讲义2.docx
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全国英语专业四级写作讲义全国英语专业四级写作讲义2ModuleOneTEM-4常见语言失误类型I这是一篇语言错误非常严重的作文,仔细读一读,看是否能找出几处错误并归类MyIdeaofAUniversityArtsFestival
(1)Inmyeyes,aartsfestivalofuniversitymustinvitemorestudentstotakepartin.
(2)Becausethefestivalisthefestivalofallstudents.(3)Soalltheworksshouldbearrangedtomeetit.(4)Firstinthebeginningofthefestival,Isuggestthattherewillbeachoruscontest,alltheclassestakepartin,sothatallstudentshavethechancetojoininthatactivities.(5)Then,Ithinkweshouldhaveaspecialprogramallstudentswhohastheirspecialskillcantakepartinit.(6)Inthisway,wecanavoidfestivalbecometheplatformonlyforthesamepersonseveryyear.(7)Becauseinourschool,therearemanypersonsseemordinaryatusualtime,buttheyhavemayspecialskills.(8)Wecanletthemsignthemselvesupwithoutanyrequirement.(9)ThenIsuggestthatweshouldhaveaentertainmentgatherings.(10)Readingriddles,tug-of-war,toclimbthehill.(11)Somanywonderfulthings!
(12)Suchformcanattractmorepeople.(13)Inoneword,morestudentstakepartinthefestival,moreinterestingitwillbe.(14)Sothat,everystudentscouldshowtheirtalents.Note:
上面的错误虽不能囊括所有的TEM-4语言错误,但都比较典型。
他们涉及以下五个方面:
1词2小句的构成3小句的时态、语态、语气、情态4小句连接成句子5平衡结构IIPracticesforwritinggoodsentences:
练习1:
句子片段改错1“Ishonestyoutofdate?
”manypeopleasked.Inmyopinion,theanswershouldbe“no”.becausehonestyisnotasimplesocialphenomenon,butakindofhumanitywhichisrootedinourmind.2Andthenthereisnoneedworryingyoullbelostinastrangeplace,ifyouhaveacellphone.Especially,insomeurgentsituations.3Third,somekindsofpollutionsspreadoutfastthatwecannotdoanythingeffectivetopreventit.Suchasgreenhouseeffect,ithascausedtheicebergintwopolestomelt.4Thereareotherfunctionsaboutacellphone.Forexample,time-schedule.5First,asweallknowthatcosmeticsalwayscontaincomplexchemicalelementstowhichmanypeoplewillbeallergic.6First,peopledealwithwastescarelessly.Theypaylittleattentiontotheresultofthewastes.Second,thedevelopmentofindustries.7Wecandoalotofthingstoentertainourselvesinsparetime.Likereading,andlisteningtomusic.练习2:
问题引出句型ErrorCorrection8Thus,couldImakeapieceofadvicetoyouthatreducingthepriceoffood?
9Itwillpleaseotherseyesandmindofotherssothatproduceanexcellentimpression.10Butthereisstillsomethingthatnotsosatisfactory.11Ishumannaturefriendly?
Orwicked?
Thisquestionjustthesameas“hasthechickenfirstorhastheeggsfirst?
”whichhasbeenpuzzlingpeopleforthousandsofyears.12Always,Idreamaboutthechildhoodwhichincludinghappinessandsadness.WritingGoodSentences1当问到哪种媒介更好时,有些人认为印刷材料更好,然而有些人则更喜欢互联网。
2说到互联网,有两种截然不同的观点。
3随着社会的发展,越来越多的问题引起了人们的注意。
其中一个问题是:
人们越来越借助手机而不是书信来进行交流。
4电脑,作为20世纪最重要的发明之一,已经影响我们生活的方方面面。
然而,它是一件好事还是一件坏事,人们各持己见。
练习3:
句子成分与词性+引出自己观点句型ErrorCorrections1Therearesomepeoplethinkthatmoneymakestheworldgoaround.2Cellphonescanbeusedplaygames.3Keepagoodmoodisespeciallybeneficialtoabetterinterpersonalrelationship.4Itisnotwisethatletstudentsrelyoncopyinganswersratherthanthinkofquestionsbythemselves.WritingGoodSentences1关于压力对专业学习的作用一直存在激烈的争论。
2尽管关于电视,不同的人有不同的观点,我要说它利大于弊。
3现在人们越来越认识到健康的重要性。
然而关于怎样才能保持健康见仁见智。
就我个人而言,我认为锻炼是最好的方式。
4在影响面试效果的诸多因素中,我认为面试者更看中的是其心理素质。
练习4英语中的一致性+承上启下、观点过渡句型ErrorCorrections1Oneseriousproblemthatinfluenceachildshealthydevelopmentisthattheydonothaveenoughpsychologicalspace.2Studentsoftenfocusonvocabulary,butyouneedtorealizethatvocabularyisonlyonepartofalanguage.3Ioftenbuyclothesonsalebecausewecansavealotofmoneythatway.4Inotherwords,onesactionsaredecidedbytheirmoodindirectly.5Ifpeoplehaveagoodmood,hewillfaceeverythinghappenedcalmly.WritingGoodSentences:
1手机的优点之一在于它方便了人们之间的交流。
2显然,课外活动在合作能力的培养方面是重要的。
3人们反对电视广告的重要原因之一是当前电视广告充斥于各种各样的电视节目中,已经严重干扰了人们的娱乐欣赏和信息获得。
4出于很多原因,我倾向选择一个好的专业,而非大学的名气。
练习5:
英语中的一致性
(2)+举例句型ErrorCorrection1Noonecandenythatcomputershavemadeourlifeconvenientandmakeourworkefficient.2Dependingoncomputer,manyproblemscanbeeasilysolved,whichisnotpossible20yearsago.3Somepeopleprefertobuythingsinaconvenientshopintheneighborhoodbecausemanysocialconventionsinrole-playgames.4Notsomanyyearsagointhiscity,oneoftheriverswassopollutedthatthereisnolivingfishinit.5Sharedwithothers,yourfriendscangetsuchhappinesslikeyou.WritingGoodSentences:
1压力对学习是有益的。
一个极好的例子是:
考试前,迫于考试的压力,同学们会花尽量多的时间对知识进行系统复习。
这在一定程度上有利于他们对知识的宏观把握。
2让我以自己的北京之行为例,来说明旅游可以开阔人的视野。
练习6:
英语句子的平衡性+比较对比、评价句型ErrorCorrection1Withthecoldclimateandvegetationisscarce,firewoodisavaluableresource.2Whenparentsandschoolscreatemorechancesforchildrentoplaycreativegames,childrensfullpotentialscanbebroughtintofullplay.3Ihaveaveryextensiverangeofresponsibilities,includingexperiencedwithwordforWindows,skilledwithapplyingsoftware,andcompetenceinwrittenEnglish.4Manypeoplegetupearlytojogalongcountrylanes,toobservethewonderofnature,orjustwatchingthesuncomeup.WritingGoodSentences:
1和中学生活相比,大学生活给我们提供了更多自由发展的空间。
在中学,我们的一切生活都由父母和老师决定:
我们该做哪些书上的题,该几点钟上床等等。
而在大学,我们是自己的主人,我们可以自己决定参加什么样的校园活动,在课余时间读什么样的书。
2使用计算机的优点之一是它的方便。
我喜欢计算机的另一个原因是使用它能提高工作效率。
总的来讲,电脑有利有弊。
但公平的讲,我们每个人都必须承认,它的优点超过它给我们带来的麻烦。
3许多家长抱怨孩子们看完一些电视广告后,就会模仿着喊“妈妈我要”,这已经在不经意间误导了孩子。
练习7:
英语的句子连接+引出结论句型ErrorCorrection:
1Wearinguniformisawaytoshowouridentity,however,itisnotagoodwaytoshowourownpersonalities.2Smokingaffectsthesmokersandothersaround,hence(thus)weshouldbanit.3Itseemsthatwecannotlivewithoutanimals,weneedtheirskinforclothes,weneedtheirmeatforfood.4Wehavenoreasontoneglectourfamiliesonlybecausetheimportanceofourbusiness.WritingGoodSentences:
1从上面的讨论我们会自然的得出这样的结论,诚实是任何情况下都不可以丢掉的美德。
2就我个人而言,我认为上网不会影响学习。
相反,合理使用网络会促进学习。
我们必须做的是扬长避短。
3意识到游戏对孩子身心健康的重要,我们就可以得出一个结论:
游戏是孩子成长中的阳光,是必不可少的。
(比喻性用词)练习8:
遣词造句文体得当+解图句型ErrorCorrection:
1Keepingagoodmoodisveryimportant,becauseIthinkitcanbenefitusinkeepinggoodinterpersonalrelationship.2Whenweareinagoodmood,itiseasyforustodoeverythingquickly,andwell.Why?
Scientiststellusthatwhenweareinagoodmood,wewillfeellesspressureinormind.3Peopleinagoodmoodwillcertainlydevelopapositiveattitudetowardlife.People,whocannotfaceuptothedifficultiestheymeet,definitelybecomedisappointedwiththeirlife.WritingGoodSentences:
1如图所示,到这个世纪末,世界上年龄超过60的人口将会增长到60亿。
2大学毕业生人数正在不断增长。
毕业生人数在2004年升至最高点,达到100万。
3正如表格清楚的显示,自1998年之后,大学毕业生的就业率呈逐年下降的趋势。
4电影观众和过去相比越来越少,图表显示电影爱好者的人数已经从1975年的85,000降到了1985年的12,000,而且还在下降。
而与此同时,在这10年间,看电视的人数却增长了20倍。
ModuleTwo常见作文模板与话题练习TopicOneSomepeopleenjoyadvertisementsonTV.OtherssaythatadvertisementsonTVareannoying.WhatdoyouthinkarethereasonsforthegrowingnumberofadsonTV?
AndwhatisyourattitudetowardadsonTV?
Usespecificreasonsforyouranswer.Writeacompositionofabout150wordsonthefollowingtopic:
MyViewonAdvertisementsonTV.IntroductionTS:
Nowadaysadvertisementsareverycommon.DS:
(supportingfacts).BodyTS:
Therearetworeasons,Ithink,forthegrowingnumberofadsonTV.DS:
First,Thus,,TheyByadvertising,eachproducertriesSecond,TheyConsequently(specificreasons).ConclusionAsfarasIamconcerned,Iaminfavorof/againstTVadsbecauseButTopicTwoChinaiscalledthekingdomofbicyclesbecauseithasthelargestnumberofbicyclesintheworld.WhatdoyouthinkoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofbikesinChina?
Writeacompositionofabout150wordsonthefollowingtopic:
MyViewonBicyclesinChina.IntroductionTS:
ChinaiscalledthekingdomofbicyclesbecauseDS:
(popularityofbikesinChina).BodyTS:
Comparedwithcars,bikeshavemanyadvantages.DS:
First,Second,Third,Besides,(advantages).ConclusionHowever,DS:
(disadvantagesandyourcomment)TopicThreeSomepeopleareinfavorofcapitalpunishment.Othersareagainstit.Whatisyourviewonit?
Usespecificreasonstosupportyouranswer.Writeacompositionofabout150wordsonthefollowingtopic:
CapitalPunishment:
FororAgainstTopicFourMySolutiontoCheatinginExamsYouaretowriteinthreeparagraphs.Inthefirstparagraph,statetheproblem-cheatinginexams.Inthesecondparagraph,stateyoursolutions.Inthelastparagraph,bringwhatyouvewrittentoanaturalconclusion.Yourcompositionmaybebasedonfollowingoutline:
Itisestimatedthatstudentsonmost,ifnotall,campusescheatontheircourseandtests.(aseriousproblem)First,studentsshouldbemadeawarethatgoodscoresresultfromdiligenceratherthandishonestmeanswhileitisashametocheatinexams.(“Honestyisthebestpolicy.”)Second,regulationsorrulesshouldbeestablished.(rules)Third,studentsshouldbestrictwiththemselves.(harmfulnessofcheating)Topic5WhatdoyouknowaboutGreenhouseEffect?
Andwhatproblemsdoesitcause?
Whatisyoursuggestionaboutit?
Writeacompositionofabout150wordsonthefollowingtopic:
GreenhouseEffectI.Introduction:
TS:
The“GreenhouseEffect”referstothewarmingoftheearthduetotheincreasingamountofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere.Body:
TS1:
The“GreenhouseEffect”isthemostseriousproblemourplanethaseverfaced.TS2:
Partsoftheworldthatarealreadyhotmightbecomeunbearablyhotter.TS3:
Somepartsoftheworldmightbecomemuchdrier.Otherpartsoftheworldmightbecomewetter.ConclusionTS:
Nationsshouldworktogethertopreventaglobaldisaster,whileatthesametimeordinarycitizensmustdotheirpart.Topic6Generationgapisacommonsocialproblemeverywhere.Whatdoyouthinkaboutitandwhatisyoursuggestionforit?
Writeacompositionofabout150wordsonthefollowingtopic:
OnGenerationGap.IntroductionTS:
Inmode
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