unit 3unit 4.docx
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unit 3unit 4.docx
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unit3unit4
HandoutandKeyto
Unit3&unit4
Unit3
Languagepoints
1Forlackofabetterterminology,onemightnamethese:
(1)thesensuousplane,
(2)theexpressive
plane,(3)thesheerlymusicalplane.(Para1)
Theexpressionforlackofabetterterminologyisusedtointroduceratherinexactterms.Itmeanssince
wedon’thaveanyexactterms,I’mgoingtousetheseratherroughterms.
Thewordsensuoussuggestsphysicalpleasurewhichrelatestoyourphysicalsensesratherthantoyour
emotionsandthoughts.
Aplaneisalevelofthought,developmentorexistence.
Thewordsheerisusedtoemphasizetheamountordegreeofsomething.Thesheerlymusicalplanerefers
tothelevelofthemusicalmaterial,melodies,rhythms,harmoniesetc.Thesheerpleasure(Para2,Line2)
meansgreatorpurepleasure.
2Theonlyadvantagetobegainedfrommechanicallysplittingupthelisteningprocessintothese
hypotheticalplanesis…(Para1)
Thewordhypotheticalmeanstobebasedonsituationsoreventsthatseempossibleratherthanonactual
ones.Here,theplanesarenotreal,theyarejustpartofamodelforanalysisanddiscussion.
3Oneturnsontheradiowhiledoingsomethingelseandabsent-mindedlybathesinthesound.Akind
ofbrainlessbutattractivestateofmindisengenderedbythemeresoundappealofthemusic.(Para2)
Tobathemeanstoswimorwashyourselfinabath,riverorlake.Tobatheinthesoundmeanstoimmerse
yourselfinthesound,likeinwater.
Toengendermeanstocauseafeelingorattitudetoexist.Theexpressionengenderedbythemeresound
appealmeanstobecreatedonlybytheappealorattractionofthesound.
4Musicallowsthemtoleaveit...dreamingbecauseofandaproposofthemusicyetneverquite
listeningtoit.(Para3)
Theexpressionaproposofmeansrelatingto;itisusedtointroducesomethingelseaboutthesubjectyou
aretalkingabout.TheexpressionisderivedfromFrench,andthefinal-sissilentinpronunciation.
Unit3Artforart’ssake
82
5...butyoumustnotallowittousurpadisproportionateshareofyourinterest.Thesensuousplane
isanimportantoneinmusic...butitdoesnotconstitutethewholestory.(Para4)
Tousurpmeanstotakeajoborpositionthatbelongstosomeoneelsewithouthavingtherighttodothis.
Thesentenceyoumustnotallowittousurpadisproportionateshareofyourinterestmeansdon’tletit
takeupawrongamountofyourinterest.
Theexpressionitdoesnotconstitutethewholestorymeansthereismoretoitthanthis.
6Here,immediately,wetreadoncontroversialground.(Para5)
Theexpressionwetreadoncontroversialgroundcontainsametaphor:
Theseareideasthatsomepeople
willprobablydisagreeaboutornotapproveof.
7Composershaveawayofshyingawayfromanydiscussionofmusic’sexpressiveside.(Para5)
Toshyawayfromsomethingmeanstoavoidsomeoneorbeunwillingtodosomethingbecauseyouare
nervous,afraidornotconfident.
8Isitpessimisticallysadorresignedlysad;isitfatefullysadorsmilinglysad?
(Para6)
Thewordresignedlymeanswithresignation,acceptingthatsomethingunpleasantmusthappenorthat
youcannotchangeit.Thewholesentencegivesnuances–shadesofmeaning–ofdifferentkindsof
sadness:
sadnesswhichhasafeelingofpessimism(thingsarebadandwecan’tchangethemeasily),
sadnesstowhichwemayfeelresigned–weacceptit,sadnessthatwefeelispartofourfate–wecan’t
avoiditanditispartofourlife,andsadnessthatalsohashumour,sowesmileeventhoughwefeelsad.
9Itisveryimportantforallofustobecomemorealivetomusiconitssheerlymusicalplane.(Para9)
Tobecome/bealivetosomethingmeanstoknowthatsomethingishappeningandrealizehowimportant
itis.
10Afterall,anactualmusicalmaterialisbeingused...Hemusthearthemelodies,therhythms,the
harmonies,thetonecolorsinamoreconsciousfashion.(Para9)
Themusicalmaterialsrefertotheelementsofmusic,usuallydiscussedundertheheadingsofmelody(the
tune),rhythm(theeffectsoftimeordurationofthebeatsofmusic,thepulse),harmony(howthenotes
ofmusiccombinewitheachotherinchordsorsequencesofnotes),tonecolor(howtheprecisesoundof
notescanvary),andform(howthemusicisorganizedwithalltheelementsandpatternsofrepetitionand
variation).
11Perhapsananalogywithwhathappenstouswhenwevisitthetheaterwillmakethisinstinctive
correlationclearer.(Para11)
Ananalogyisacomparisonbetweentwosituations,processesetc,thatisintendedtoshowthatthetwo
aresimilar.Thatthetwothingsareanalogousmeansthesamethingsaretrueoforrelevanttobothof
them.
Dealingwithunfamiliarwords
4Matchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.
Teachingtips
Togothroughtheanswers,TassignsNumbers1–7tosevenSs,andaskeachstudenttoreadone
definition.TthenassignsNumbers8–14toanothersevenSs,andaskthemtogivecorrespondinganswers
orally.Forexample,“Youcouldusethewordconstitute,”or“Thatmeansthesameasconstitute.”
Dealingwithunfamiliarwords
1tomakeuporformsomething(constitute)
2happeningordoneatthesametime(simultaneously)
3abletodosomethingbecauseyouhavetheknowledge,skill,orexperiencethatisneeded(qualified)
4aregularpatternofsoundsinmusicthatyoucanshowbymoving,hittingyourhandstogether,orhitting
adrumorothersurface(rhythm)
5toreceiveorobtainsomethingfromsomethingelse(derive)
6someonewhowritesmusic,especiallyclassicalmusic(composer)
7asmuchasisneeded(sufficiently)
55Completetheparagraphwiththecorrectformcompetetehparagraphwiththecorrectformofthewordsinactivityf
JohannSebastianBachispossiblythegreatest
(1)composertheworldhaseverknown.HisWell-TemperedClavichord
(2)constitutesoneofthemostcompleteworksforkeyboardeverwritten.Itis(3)simultaneouslybothaseriesoftechnicalexerciseswhichexplorethepossibilitiesofthekeyboard,and
amasterpieceofexpressivefeeling.Althoughhewasahighly(4)qualifiedmusician(asanorganistandachoirmaster),hewasnotconsideredtobe(5)sufficiently“modern”bythegenerationwhichfollowed
him,andhewassoonforgotten.Buthismusicwasrediscoveredinthe19thcentury,foritsperfectsense
of(6)rhythmandharmony.Indeed,manyofthegreatcomposersofthe20thcentury,suchasStravinsky,
(7)derivedalotoftheirmusicalideasfromhim.
6Replacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformofthewordsandexpressionsinthebox.Youmay
needtomakeotherchanges.
1Shh!
They’reabouttoannouncethewinnerofthisyear’sInternationalPianoCompetition.(proclaim)
2It’squiteeasytomakeacomparisonbetweenpoetryandmusic.(analogy)
It’squiteeasytomakeananalogybetweenpoetryandmusic.
3Weareamazedbyherabilitytoexpressherselfwithgreatclearnessandsimplicity.(clarity)
4Howmanyartistshavegivenupeverythingforthecauseoftheirart?
(forthesakeof)
5Internetemergesasapowerfulandeffectiveforceinadvertisingnewproducts.(potent)
6Ienjoyedtheperformance,butIthoughttheclothestheactorswerewearingwereabitsilly.(costumes)
7Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.
1Ifyousplitsomethingup,doyou(a)divideitintoparts,or(b)putthepartstogether?
2Ifyoudosomethingabsent-mindedly,areyou(a)thinkingaboutwhatyouaredoing,or(b)thinking
aboutsomethingelse?
3Doyoulookforconsolation(a)afterapieceofbadnews,or(b)afterapieceofgoodnews?
4Ifyouaretreadingoncontroversialground,areyou(a)takingarisk,or(b)makingeverybodyhappy?
5Ifyoushyawayfromsomething,doyou(a)keepclosetoit,or(b)keepyourdistancefromit?
6Ifyoupinsomethingdown,areyou(a)abletoexamineitcarefully,or(b)unabletoexamineit
carefully?
Unit3Artforart’ssake
86
7Ifyouknowthemelodyofapieceofmusic,areyoufamiliarwith(a)thetune,or(b)themeaningofthe
music?
8Isaninstinctivereactiontosomething(a)automatic,or(b)onewhichfollowsalotofthought?
8
1Whichisthewriter’smainpurpose?
(a)Toshowhowcomplexlisteningtomusicis.
(b)Togetpeopletolistentomusicmore.
(c)Todiscouragesomepeoplefromlisteningtomusic.
(d)Togetpeopletothinkabouthowtheylistentomusic.
2Whodoesthewriteraddressasyou?
(a)Musicians.
(b)Theatregoers.
(c)Composers.
(d)Intelligentmusiclovers.
9
1Theanalysisthewritermakesisafairandaccurateone.
Yes,Ithinkthisisareasonableanalysisoflisteningtomusic.
2Hedescribesthesensuouslistenerinnegativeterms.
Hedoesmentionsomenegativeaspectsofsensuouslisteningbuthesaysseveraltimesthatwe
listeninallthreeways,soIdon’tthinkheisactuallynegativeaboutthisway.
√3Hethinksallgreatmusicisexpressive.
Hedoesn’tactuallysaythis,butthisseemstobehispointofview.
4Hethinksmostlistenersarenotintelligentenough.
No,hedoesn’tsaythis.Hesaysmostlistenersarenotconsciousenoughofthethirdplane,butthat
doesn’tmeantheyaren’tintelligent.
√5Heisprobablyaprofessionalmusician.
IguessthisistruebecauseofhisknowledgeofStravinskyandBach,andhisinsightsintothe
effectivewayoflisteningtomusic.
√6Heisprobablyagoodteacher.
Ithinksobecauseofhiswayofexplainingthethreeplanesandbecauseofthewayheusesthe
analogyofthetheatre,whichnon-musicianmightappreciate.
Activereading
(2)
Languagepoint
1Weknowhisworkincludespaintingsofreligiousandmythologicalthemes,domesticinteriorsand
landscapes.(Para2)
Domesticinteriors
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