SAT Writing sample examples.docx
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SAT Writing sample examples.docx
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SATWritingsampleexamples
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GreatSouls
ØNelsonMandela
Mandela,theSouthAfricanblackpoliticalleaderandformerpresident,wasawarded1993NobelPeacePrizeforhiseffortstoantiracismandantiapartheid.NelsonMandelaisoneofthegreatmoralandpoliticalleadersofourtime:
aninternationalherowhoselifelongdedicationtothefightagainstracialoppressioninSouthAfricawonhimtheNobelPeacePrizeandthepresidencyofhiscountry.Sincehistriumphantreleasein1990frommorethanaquarter-centuryofimprisonment,Mandelahasbeenatthecenterofthemostcompellingandinspiringpoliticaldramaintheworld.AspresidentoftheAfricanNationalCongressandheadofSouthAfrica'santiapartheidmovement,hewasinstrumentalinmovingthenationtowardmultiracialgovernmentandmajorityrule.Heisreveredeverywhereasavitalforceinthefightforhumanrightsandracialequality.(138)
ØMartinLutherKing
MartinLutherKing,Jr.wasanAmericanclergyman,activistandprominentleaderintheAfrican-Americancivilrightmovement.HismainlegacywastosecureprogressoncivilrightsintheUnitedStatesandheisfrequentlyreferencedasahumanrightsicontoday.
Kingledthe1955MontgomeryBusBoycottandhelpedfoundtheSouthernChristianLeadershipConferencein1957,servingasitsfirstpresident.King'seffortsledtothe1963MarchonWashington,whereKingdeliveredhis"IHaveaDream"speech.There,heraisedpublicconsciousnessofthecivilrightsmovementandestablishedhimselfasoneofthegreatestorators
inU.S.history.Bythetimeofhisdeathin1968,hehadrefocusedhiseffortsonendingpovertyandopposingtheVietnamWar,bothfromareligiousperspective.
In1964,KingbecametheyoungestpersontoreceivetheNobelPeacePrizeforhisworktoend
racialsegregationandracialdiscriminationthroughcivildisobedienceandothernon-violentmeans.HewasposthumouslyawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedomin1977andCongressionalGoldMedalin2004;MartinLutherKing,Jr.DaywasestablishedasaU.S.Nationalholidayin1986.(192)
BrightMinds
ØNewton
Newton’saimatCambridgewasalawdegree.InstructionatCambridgewasdominatedbythephilosophyofAristotlebutsomefreedomofstudywasallowedinthethirdyearofthecourse.Newtonhadagoldenopportunitytostudyanabundanceofgreatminds:
thephilosophyofDescartes,Gassendi,Hobbes,andinparticularBoyle.ThemechanicsoftheCopernicanastronomyofGalileoattractedhimandhealsostudiedKepler’sOptics.ItisafascinatingaccountofhowNewton’sideaswereformed.Hecollectedallthesethoughtsanddevelopedhisownsystembywhichhesuccessfullyexplainedawiderangeofpreviouslyunrelatedphenomena:
theeccentricorbitsofcomets,theprocessionoftheEarth’saxis,andmotionoftheMoonasperturbedbythegravityoftheSun,aswellasthethreelawsofmotionthatmadehimaninternationalleaderinscientificresearchandthegreatestpilotinhuman’scivilization.(157)
ØDarwin’sOriginofSpecies
Thetheoryofevolutionisoneofthegreatintellectualrevolutionsofhumanhistory.Hundredsofyearsago,peoplewereconfusedwiththecomplexityofdifferentspeciesoftheworld,andbelievedthatspecieswerecreatedbythemysteriousGod.However,Darwindidnotbelieveso.Afterseveralyears'study,heeventuallydemonstratedthatspecies,howevercomplexseemingly,allevolvedbynaturalselectionfromsimpleandpreliminaryconditions.WhenDarwinpublished
hisfamousresearchresultsontheOriginofSpeciesbyMeansofNaturalSelection,thebookencounteredlotsofcontroversies.Membersofthereligiouscommunity,aswellassomescientificpeers,wereoutragedandprotested.However,Darwin'sideaofevolutioneventuallydefeatedthetraditionalbeliefandwasacceptedandacknowledgedbysomeinsightfulscientistsandfinallybythesociety.Itisnowreverencedasoneofthegreatestintellectualrevolutionsofhumanhistory.(144)
ØGalileoGalilei
GalileoGalileiwasanItalianphysicist,mathematician,astronomer,andphilosopherwhoplayed
amajorroleintheScientificRevolution.Hisachievementsincludeimprovementstothetelescopeandconsequentastronomicalobservations,andsupportforCopernicanism.Galileo'sobservationsaboutfoursatellitesofJupiterwithhisnewtelescopeconvincedhimofthetruthofCopernicus'ssun-centeredorheliocentrictheory.Galileohasbeencalledthe"fatherofmodernobservationalastronomy,"the"fatherofmodernphysics,"and"theFatherofModernScience."StephenHawkingsays,"Galileo,perhapsmorethananyothersingleperson,wasresponsiblefor
thebirthofmodernscience."(96)
ØChristopherColumbus
In1485,ColumbuspresentedhisplanstoJohnII,KingofPortugal.Herequestedhebemade"GreatAdmiraloftheOcean",appointedgovernorofanyandalllandshediscovered,andgivenone-tenthofallrevenuefromthoselands.Thekingsubmittedtheproposaltohisexpertsandrejectedit.In1488ColumbusappealedtothecourtofPortugalonceagain,andonceagainitalsoprovedunsuccessful.Then,ColumbustraveledfromPortugaltobothGenoaandVenice,buthereceivedencouragementfromneither.In1486,ColumbuspresentedhisplanstoQueenIsabella.Afterthepassingofmuchtime,thesesavantsofSpain,liketheircounterpartsinPortugal,pronouncedtheideaimpractical,andadvisedtheirRoyalHighnessestopassontheproposedventure.ButafterendlessattemptsatestablishingasettlementofHispanism,CatholicMonarchsfinallygavehimanannualallowanceof12,000maravedisandfurnishedhimwithaletterorderingallcitiesandtownsundertheirdomaintoprovidehimfoodandlodgingwithwhichColumbussuccessfullyinitiatedwidespreadcontactbetweenEuropeansandindigenousAmericansandcarvedoutthecross-continentaltrademarket.(183)
ØThomasEdison
In19thcentury,peoplecouldonlygetlightfromcandles,butitsufferedfromseveraldisadvantages,includingexorbitantlyhighpriceandinadequatelightness.ThomasEdison,oneofthemostprominentinventorsinthe20thcentury,overcame1500failureandsuitablefilamentforelectriclightbulbwhichwereaffordableforallpeopletobuyanduse.Hetriednumerousmaterialssuchasiron,copper,aluminum,silver,hair,evenhiscolleague’sbrownbeard,buthefailsalltimes.Neverthelesshedidnotgiveupanddedicatedhimselfinfindingthebestmaterial.Thebeliefheldbyhimwasthat“wewillmaketheelectricitysocheapthatonlytherichwillburncandles.”Hehadthefirstsuccessfulexperimentin1879,findingthatcarbonfilamentcanlastover40hours,butheandhisteamwerenotsatisfiedforthat.Throughhundredsoftoughtrying,theyfinallyfoundcarbonizedbamboofilamentwhichcouldlastover1200hours.Furthermore,thelightbulbsinventedbyEdisonwiththemostsuitablefilamenthavenotonlylighteduptheworld,butinfluencedpeople’slivesallovertheworlduntilnow.(185)
ØYuanLongping
YuanLongpingisaChineseagriculturalscientistandeducator,knownfordevelopingthefirsthybridricevarietiesinthe1970s.Heiscalled"TheFatherofHybridRice".His"hybridrice"hassincebeengrownindozensofcountriesinAfrica,America,andAsia—providingarobustfoodsourceinhighfamineriskareas.Byhisachievement,theEarthisabletoproduceextrariceequivalenttothefoodrequirementbytensofmillionsofpopulation.HisachievementasavictoryoverthethreatoffamineandthatYuanwasusheringusintoaworldwithamplefood.(98)
VirtuousHearts
ØBillGates
BillGates,thechairmanofMicrosoftisoneofthebest-knownentrepreneursofthepersonalcomputerrevolutionandisalsorankedconsistentlyoneoftheworld'swealthiestpeople.Gateshaspursuedanumberofphilanthropicendeavors,donatinglargeamountsofmoneytovariouscharitableorganizationsandscientificresearchprograms.AfterstudiedtheworkofAndrewCarnegieandJohnD.Rockefeller,Gatesbegantorealizetheexpectationsothershadofhimwhenpublicopinionmountedthathecouldgivemoreofhiswealthtocharity.In2000,GatesandhiswifecombinedthreefamilyfoundationsintoonetocreatethecharitableBill&MelindaGatesFoundation,whichisthelargesttransparentlyoperatedcharitablefoundationintheworld.Asof2007,BillandMelindaGateswerethesecondmostgenerousphilanthropistsinAmerica,havinggivenover$28billiontocharity.(138)
ØWarrenBuffett
WarrenBuffettisaU.S.investor,andbusinessman.In2006,heannouncedaplantocharity,with
83%ofhisfortunegoingtotheBill&MelindaGatesFoundation,makingitthelargestcharitabledonationinhistory.ThefollowingquotationhighlightsWarrenBuffett'sthoughtsonhiswealth.“Idon'thaveaproblemwithguiltaboutmoney.ThewayIseeitisthatmymoneyrepresentsanenormousnumberofclaimchecksonsociety.It'slikeIhavetheselittlepiecesofpaperthatIcanturnintoconsumption.IfIwantedto,Icouldhire10,000peopletodonothingbutpaintmypictureeverydayfortherestofmylifeandIwouldbekeepingthose10,000peoplefromdoingAIDSresearch,orteaching,ornursing.There'snothingmaterialIwantverymuch.AndI'mgoingtogivevirtuallyallofthoseclaimcheckstocharitywhenmywifeandIdie.”(156)
ØHelenKeller
HelenKellerwasawell-knownAmericanauthor,politicalactivistandlecturer.Whenshebecame
blindanddeaffromanundiagnosedillnessattheageoftwo,itwasregardedasamissionimpossibleforhertobeascapableasnormalpeople.However,herambitionofhelpingandlearningfromothersmotivatedhertochangegraduallyfromapessimisttoanoptimist,supportedhertobreakthr
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