高中英语教材核心词汇讲解及训练选修6.docx
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高中英语教材核心词汇讲解及训练选修6.docx
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高中英语教材核心词汇讲解及训练选修6
核心词汇梳理并重点训练
选修6
Unit1Art
aim,adopt,possess,attempt,appeal,agreatdeal,ontheotherhand,scoresof
1.aimn.瞄准;目标;目的
vt.瞄准;对准;旨在
withoutaim漫无目的地
withtheaimof以期…,意在…
achieveone’saim达到目的
takeaimat向…瞄准
aimat/forsth力求达到
aimatdoingsth力争做到
aimtodosth旨在做某事
beaimedat目的是,旨在
aimlessadj.无目的的
eg:
Researchisbeingdonewiththespecificaimofmonitoringcustomertrends.
Hetookaimatthebird,firedandmissedit.
I’maimingtolose4kgbeforethesummerholidays.
2.adoptvt.采用;采纳;收养
adoptanapproach/strategy/policy
采用某方法/战略/政策
adoptedadj.领养的
anadoptedson养子
辨析adopt/adapt:
adopt采用;采纳;收养;正式通过
adapt改编;使适应
eg:
Mymotherwasadoptedwhenshewasfour.
Ourschoolhasadoptedanewteachingmethod.
Hisadoptedsonwentabroadlastweek.
Theyoungcouplehadnochildrenoftheirownandadoptedanorphan.Afterafewmonths,thechildcametoadapttohisnewlife.
3.possessvt.拥有;具有;支配
possessionn.
beinone’spossession(或beinthepossessionof)
为…所有;归…所有
beinpossessionofsth拥有;占有某物
havepossessionof拥有(指买来或从别人那里拿来)
takepossessionofsth拥有(占有)某物;拿到某物
possessedadj.
bepossessedof具有(某种品质、能力等)
eg:
Theyusedallthemoneytheypossessed.
Thefinancecompanynowhaspossessionofthehouse.
Sheispossessedofawonderfullycalmtemperament.
4.attemptn.努力;尝试;企图
vt.尝试;企图
makeanattempttodo/doing/atdoing…尝试做…
atone’sfirstattempt第一次尝试
inanattempttodosth试图做某事,希望做某事
attempt+n./pron.尝试…
attempttodo/atdoing尝试(试图)做某事
attemptedadj.未遂的
attemptedmurder谋杀未遂
辨析attempt/try/manage:
attempt正式用语,常指一次的而不是继续的尝试,往往暗示这种尝试达不到目的,常包含“冒险”意义。
try通俗用语,指为成功做某事而付出努力或花费一定代价,后接不定式表示“试图做某事”,后接动名词表示“试着做某事”。
manage“成功地做某事”,强调结果。
eg:
SomeonehasmadeanattemptonthePresident’slife.
Ipassedmydrivingtestatthefirstattempt.
Theprisonersattemptedanescape,butfailed.
5.appealvi.有感染力;呼吁;求助
vt.将…上诉n.呼吁;恳求
appeal(tosb)forsth呼吁…
appealtosb吸引某人
appealtosbtodosth恳求/呼吁某人做某事
appealfor恳求;呼吁
make/launchanappeal发出呼吁
appealingadj.有吸引力的;有趣的;求助的;恳求的
eg:
Thepoliceareappealingtothepublicforinformationaboutthecrime.
Doestheideaofworkingabroadappealtoyou?
Boblaunchedanurgentappealforthefaminevictims.
6.agreatdeal许多;大量
agreatdeal(名词短语)大量;许多作主语、宾语
agreat/gooddeal(副词短语)可用于形容词、副词比较级前加强程度,也可用来修饰动词作状语。
agreatdealof
+不可数名词+单数谓语
much
agreatmany
many+复数名词+复数谓语
anumberof
alotof复数名词+复数谓语
lotsof+
plentyof不可数名词+单数谓语
alargeamountof单数谓语
+不可数名词+
largeamountsof复数谓语
复数名词
quantitiesof++复数谓语
不可数名词
eg:
Hetalksagreatdealbutdonelittle.
It’sagreatdealfastertotravelbyplanethanbybus.
Agreatdealoftheirworkisunpaid.
7.ontheotherhand(可是)另一方面
on(the)onehand…ontheotherhand…(引出不同的,尤指对立的观点、思想等)一方面…,另一方面(却)…
first(ly)…;second(ly)…第一…;第二…
foronething…foranother一则…,二则…
eg:
OntheonehandIwanttosellthehouse,butontheotherhandIcan’tbearthethoughtofmoving.
Firstly,Iwouldliketothankeveryonewhohascontributedtothissuccess.
I’mnotgoingtobuyit;foronethingIdon’tlikethecolour,andforanotherit’sfartooexpensive.
8.scoresof许多;大量
dozens许多;大量
tens数十(个等)
hundreds许多;数百
thousands+of许多;成千上万
tensofthousands大量;无数;数以万计的
millions大量;无数;数百万
billions大量;无数;数十亿
pictures数十幅画
severalscore
ofthesepictures这些画中的数十幅
eg:
Therearescoresofroomsinthehotel.
I’veseenthefilmscoresoftimes.
TensofthousandsofpeoplewerekilledintheearthquakeonMay12th,2008.
9.Itisamazingthatsomanygreatworksofartfromthelate19thcenturytothe21stcenturyarehousedinthesamemuseum.
it在句中作形式主语,真正的主语是that从句。
it句型总结:
Itis+adj.(+forsb/sth)+todosth
用于此句型的形容词有:
easy,hard,difficult,possible,important,impossible,necessary,good,bad,exciting,interesting,surprising等。
Itis+n.(+forsb/sth)+todosth
用于此句型的名词有:
pity,shame,pleasure,one’sduty,one’sjob,fun,joy,goodmanners,badmanners等。
Itis+adj.+ofsb+todosth
此句型中的形容词主要描述某人的品德、特征。
该句型的形容词有:
kind,nice,wise,brave,silly,polite,impolite,friendly,foolish,clever等。
Itis+adj.(+n.)+doingsth
此句型中的形容词和名词常见的有:
no/littleuse,nogood,useless等。
Itis+及物动词的过去分词+that从句
此句型中常见的及物动词的过去分词有:
said,told,known,reported,recorded,thought,believed,considered等。
It+不及物动词+that从句
此句型中不及物动词常见的有:
seem,happen,appear,matter等。
强调句型:
Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who从句
在使用强调句型时要注意,指人且作主语时可以用who或that,其他情况一律用that。
Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句。
eg:
Itisillegalforanadulttodriveacarwithoutalicense.
It’snousearguingwithhim.
ItisverykindofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.
It’ssaidthatheisdoingfineinschool.
练习:
1.Hefired(没有瞄准).
2.Thesemeasures(旨在)cuttingdowngovernmentexpenditure.
3.Frenchfashionabledresshasbeenbypeopleinmanypartsoftheworld.
A.adoptingB.adoptedC.adaptedD.adapting
4.Theproblemisthattherewillbenooneifyouaskforleave.Thecompanymightgetoutoforder.
A.inpossessionB.incharge
C.insightD.inplace
5.她尝试跟不同的公司接触。
Shetogetintouchwithdifferentcompanies.
6.他没打算获得医学学位。
Hemadetotakeamedicaldegree.
7.他被控告谋杀未遂。
Hewasaccusedof.
8.TrafficrestrictionshavecomeintoeffectinBeijing
toimprovethecapital’sairqualityandtrafficsituationforthe2008Olympics.
A.inorderthatB.inanattempt
C.atanattemptD.inatry
9.It’sareferencebookintendedtomainlytostudentsofgrade3.
A.appealB.attachC.contributeD.refer
10.Teachingasacareertomanypeoplebecauseofthelongholidays.
A.attractsB.callsC.appealsD.pulls
11.自从上次考试失败后,他发生了很大变化。
12.这部车比那部车便宜得多。
13.他花很多钱买参考书。
14.一方面我有很多工作要做,另一方面,我有很多来宾要接待。
15.Sheboughteggsyesterday,buttherewere
thembroken.
A.twoscoresof;scoresof
B.scoresof;twoscoresof
C.scoresof;twoscoreof
D.scoreof;twoscores
16.isourgreathonorthatwesucceededinholdingthe2008OlympicGamesinBeijing.
A.ItB.ThereC.ThatD.This
17.excitedtheworldgreatlythatBoltbroketheworldrecordofthe100-meterdashintheBeijingOlympics.
A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As
Unit2Poems
convey,transform,appropriate,exchange,load,takeiteasy,runoutof,makeupof,letout
1.conveyvt.传达;运送;传导;传播
conveysthtosb向某人表达/传递某物
conveysb/sthfromAtoB把某人或某物从A地运送到B地
conveyone’sfeelings/meanings表达某人的感情/意思
eg:
Pleaseconveymygoodwishestoyourmother.
Thepipeconveysthehotwaterfromtheboilertothebath.
Thebabyisnowabletoconveyhismeaning.
PremierWenJiabaoconveyedhisorrowforthedeadandorderedthenecessitiesshouldbeconveyedimmediatelytotheearthquake-hitareas.
2.transformvi.&vt.转化;转换;改造;变换
transformAintoB使A变成B
betransformedfromAtoB从A搬到B
transforminto转化成;改造为
transformationn.(外观或性质的)改变、变革
eg:
TenyearsofhardworktransformedMathildecompletelyintoanordinaryhousewife.
Theireffortshavetransformedthebaldhillintoonecoveredwithgreentreesallover.
Let’stransformtheoldeducationalsystem.
3.appropriateadj.适当的;正当的
beappropriateto/for适于;合乎
Itisappropriatethatsb(should)do…某人做…是恰当的
appropriatelyadv.适当地
eg:
Sportsclothesarenotappropriateforaformalwedding.
Isitappropriatethatwestartoutearly?
Itisnotappropriatetoasksuchpersonalquestionsinaninterview.
4.exchangen.交换;交流;互换
vt.&vi.调换;交换
makeanexchange交换
inexchange(for…)作为交换(…)
exchangesthforsth以…交换…
exchangesthwithsb与某人交换某物
eg:
Theyhaveofferedtoreleasethereporters,butwhatdotheywantinexchange?
Heexchangedanappleforanorange.
ShallIexchangeseatswithyou?
5.loadn.负担;负荷物(尤指沉重的)
v.装载;加重;把弹药装入(枪炮)
takealoadoffone’smind打消某人的顾虑
loadsof很多的
loadsth/sbwithsth用…装载…/使负担
loadsthinto/ontosb/sth把…装入(到)…/使负担
loadup装载货物于
eg:
Hisfamilyisreallyaheavyloadonhisshoulder.
Theboatisstillloading.
Howlongwillittaketoloadthecoalontothetruck?
6.takeiteasy轻松;不紧张;从容
takethingseasy别紧张;从容不迫地进行工作
takeone’schance碰运气
takeone’stime不匆忙;不急于;慢慢来
takesbwrong误解(曲解)某人的意思
takesthseriously认真对待某事
eg:
Takeiteasyandtelluswhathappened.
There’snohurry;takeyourtime.
Weshouldtakeeverytestseriously.
7.runoutof用完…
runoutof“用完了”,是及物动词短语,表示主动意义,主语一般是人。
runout“…用完了”,是不及物动词短语,其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词。
giveout“用尽;精疲力竭”,为不及物动词短语
useup“用完;消耗尽”,为及物动词短语
辨析runout/runoutof:
runout相当于giveout“用光,用完”
runoutof相当于useup“用光,用完”
eg:
Thetruck’srunoutofgasagain.
Wearerunningoutoftime./Ourtimeisrunningout.Pleasehurryup.
Don’tuseupallthehotwater.
8.makeupof(多用于被动结构)构成
makeup组成;化妆;编造
makeupfor弥补
bemadeupof/from由…制成
bemadeoutof…由…改制而成
bemadeinto把…制成
bemadein…产于…
eg:
ThemedicalteamtoesenttoWenchuancountyismadeupoffivemenandtwowomen.
Boysmakeup60%ofthestudentnumber.
ThatweekendmadeupforallthedisappointmentsI’dhad.
9.letout发出;放走
letsthout泄露(秘密等);发出(叫喊等);放宽,放大(衣服等);让…跑掉
letsbout放…出去;释放
letsbsown让某人失望
letsb/sthin让某人/某物进来
letalone更不用说
eg:
Don’tletitoutaboutmylosingjob.
He’sgettingsofatthathistrousershavetobeletoutroundthewaist.
Thebabycan’tevencrawlyet,letalonewalk.
10.Somerhyme(likeB)whileothersdonot(likeC).
while常见的用法有:
表示对比,意思是“而,然而”。
表示时间,意思是“同时;当…时”。
表示让步,意思是“虽然,尽管”。
eg:
Sheisverydiligent,whileheislazy.
PleasebequietwhileI’mtalkingtoyou.
WhileIunderstandwhatyousay,Ican’tagreewithyou.
11.Withsomanydifferentformsofpoetrytochoosefrom,
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