stepbystep3000第三册unit8答案及原文.docx
- 文档编号:6874033
- 上传时间:2023-01-11
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:5
- 大小:20.73KB
stepbystep3000第三册unit8答案及原文.docx
《stepbystep3000第三册unit8答案及原文.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《stepbystep3000第三册unit8答案及原文.docx(5页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
stepbystep3000第三册unit8答案及原文
Unit8ArchitecturePartIWarmingupA.Tapescript:
Forhundredsofyears,ithasbeenanimperialcapitalofEurope.ItsrulersraidedtheWesternworldtoenrichthecoffersoftheempire.Theyspenttheirwealthonmagnificentpalacesandgrandpublicbuildings.TheybuiltanoperahousethatrivalsanyinEurope.Theyfoundedgreatmuseumsandlibraries.Theyconstructedmassive,ornategovernmentbuildings.Andtheyraisedopulentpalacesforthemselves.AtourofViennaisatourofthesemonumentstoexcess.TakeSchonbrunnPalace,forinstance.ThePalace'sMillionRoom,namedafterthecostofthedecorations--1millionguilders,isaRococomasterpiece.Insetinthepanelingare260rareminiaturesofIndo-Persianheritage.Theframesarerealgoldleaf,andthepanelingispreciouswood.TheGreatGallery,modeledafteraroominVersaillesnearParis,has35-footceilingsgracedwithgiantfrescoes(壁画)boastingofthepoweroftheAustrianarmy.Massivecrystalchandeliersreflectinthewallofmirrors,trimmedingoldleaf.ThelistofothersightstoseeinViennaislong.St.Stephen'sCathedraldominatestheskylineofOldTown,themedievalsectionofthecity.Itsmainspiresoars450feetintothesky,andthetopcanbereachedbyclimbing343steps.Thecathedral'wasbeguninthe12thcentury.Inthecatacombs(陵墓)beneaththecathedralarecopperurns(骨灰坛)containingtheintestinesofdeceasedHabsburgs.Theirbodiesareinornatecaskets(棺材)intheImperialBurialVaultsintheKapuzinerChurchafewblocksaway,andcanbevisited.TheOldTownisafascinatingplacetowalk.Mostofthenarrowstreetshavebeenturnedintopedestrianmallslinedwithshops,coffeehousesandrestaurants.Inonesection,theoriginalRomanruinsunderthestreetscanbeseenbygoingtoanundergroundmuseum.TheNaturalHistoryMuseumandtheMuseumofFineArtsoccupymatchingbuildingsonMariaTheresaPlaza,asmallsquareacrossfromtheHofburg.HofburgistheHabsburg’sin-townpalace.Itisbig,with2,600rooms,butnotornate.Hofburgisajumbleofbuildingsconstructedatdifferenttimesandindifferentstyles,fromBaroque,GothicandClassicaltoRenaissanceandRococo.Itsoldestpartsdatefromthe13thcentury,butmostwerebuiltfromthe1700son.
B1.ThePalaisduLouvre:
Location:
heartofParisBeginningyearofconstruction:
1527Timewhenfirstusedasapublicartgallery:
1793TheLouvrePyramid:
Designer:
IeohMingPeiUse:
themainentrancetothePalaisduLouvreHeight:
21mWidth:
33mMaterials:
steeltubes,cables,sheetglassYearofcompletion:
1988
Tapescript:
ThePalaisduLouvrestandsattheheartofParis,andhousesoneoftheworld'sgreatestcollectionsofworksofart.Theoriginalpalacedatesfrom1527,anditwasextendedandaddedtooverthenextfourcenturies.Itwasfirstusedasapublicartgalleryin1793.In1981,theChinese-AmericanarchitectIeohMingPeiwascommissionedtoredevelopthepublicpartoftheLouvreandcreatemorespaceforreceptionareasandservices.HedesignedthefamousGlassPyramid,whichservesasthemainentrancetothebuilding,leadingundergroundtothemuseumandartgallery.ThePyramidis21metershighand33meterswide,andusesacombinationofsteeltubes,cablesandsheetglass.Itwascompletedin1988,andquicklybecameamajortouristattractioninitsownright.
B21.ShelikestheLouvrePyramidbecauseofthetransparency,andithasalighteffect.2.ShelikestheLouvrePyramidforitscontrastofshapes.ItemphasizesthebeautyoftheLouvre.3.ShethinkstherightthingistoputsomethingsocontradictorytotheLouvre.Theystandindialoguewitheachotherandtheydon'ttrytocomplementeachother.4.ShethinksitwouldhavebeenthebiggestmistaketotrytobuildsomethingsimilartotheLouvre.
Tapescript:
IliketheLouvrePyramidbecauseofitstransparency,becauseyoucanjustlookthroughit,andithasaverylighteffect.Itisnotheavyanditismadeofglass,andsoitlookslikealightobject.AndIlikeitforitscontrastofshapes,becauseitissuchacontrasttotheLouvrebuildingthatinfactitdoesn'tinterferewiththebeautyoftheLouvre,butiteven,itemphasizesthebeautyoftheLouvre.Andintheeveningwhenthispyramidislighted,it'sjustasourceoflighttoputtheLouvreintoanewlight.Andthishasformealsoasymbolicmeaning.Anditissuchanunexpectedshapeinthisurbancontext,justtouseatraditionalshapeofapyramidbuiltinnewmaterialswithnewtechnologies,high-tech,andsoon,thatitisacompletelysurprisingeffect.Sothatpeoplegetshockedbyitortheylikeit,butthereisnobodywhowouldbeuninvolvedorwhocouldjustpassandnotnoticethisbuilding.Soit'ssomethingyouhavetolookat.AndIthinkthisisalsoveryimportantinbuilding,andcreatingsomethinginthecities,andexactlyforexampleclosetothesehistoricalbuildingswhicharesucha...theyaresosensitivetopicsthatnobodydarestotouchthem.Ithinktherightthingisreallytoputsomethingsocontradictorytoitthattheystandindialoguewitheachotherandtheydon'teventrytocomplementeachother.BecauseitwouldhavebeenthebiggestmistaketotrytobuildsomethingsimilartotheLouvre,toputabuildingwhichwouldcopytheLouvre,becauseitwouldjustmeanthatwedon'tliveincontinuity,thearchitecturedoesn'tcontinueitshistory,butitwouldmeanthatarchitecturestandsstillonthelevelofthe17thcentury,andthatwouldbealie.
Ecology生态学ecologicalsystem生态系统
Consultant顾问
Model模式
Minimize减小,减少
PartIIeco-consciousconstruction
A
Theworld’sfirsteco-city/
offthecoast
Agriculturalland/
halfamillion/
$billion/
asustainabilityconsultant
Sustainabledevelopment
Amoreecologicallyfriendlymodel/
minimizeimpactonnature/
solarandwindpower/
powerandfertilizers/
electriccars
B1.1.adream-housewhichissustainablebytheenvironment-----anenvironmentally-sustainabledream-house2.windowsthatfacesouth--south-facingwindows3.akitchenthatiswelllit--awell-litkitchen4.paintthatisbasedonmilkorusesmilkasabase----milk-basedpaint5.solutionswhicharebeneficialtotheenvironment--environmentally-beneficialsolutionsTapescript.1.ArchitectJimLoganisbuildinghisenvironmentally-sustainabledream-houseatthesiteofaformercommuneafewmilesnorthofBoulder.2.Asyoudriveontothesmallfarmproperty,you'reimmediatelystruckbyaseriesoflargesouth-facingwindows.3.Walkthroughthewell-litkitchen,andyou'llseethateventhenorthsideofthebuildinghasapassivesolarcomponent.4.Inallfacetsofconstruction,Loganisemphasizingbothbiodegradablebuildingproductsandnontoxicmaterials.He'susingmilk-basedpaint,forexample.5.Inmanycases,manyenvironmentally-beneficialsolutionspayforthemselvesinaslittleas6or7or8months.
Tapescript.1.Loganhasincorporatednearlyeveryaspectofamoderneco-consciousdesign.2.Everyroominthishousehasawindowthatfacessouth,regardlessofwhereit'slocated.3.Alltheroomsinthehousehavebothday-lighting,whichmeansthatthere'samplelightcominginhighintotheroomsothatwedon'tneedtouseelectriclightsduringtheday.4.Asaresult,Logan'shousewillhaveneitherafurnacenorair-conditioning.5.Theso-calledsuper-insulationisrequiredtostorethesolarheat.6.Loganisalsousingthermalmass,ordirt,tokeepthehousebothwarminthewinterandcoolinthesummer.7.He'susingmilk-basedpaint,forexample,andrelativelylittleofthat.8.Thisroomandtheinsideofthisroom--virtuallyallthefinishesdidnotneedtobepainted.9.Paintingisafairlyun-environmentalactinthatitissomethingthatinvolveschemistry.10.Initially,Loganwillgetallhiswaterfromawell.11.Theroofhasguttersandwilleventuallycollectrainwaterforgeneraluse.
B3.Mainfeatures:
south-facingwindows:
day-lighting,solarheatnofurnacenoair-conditioningsolarheater:
hotwaterthree-footoutsidewalls:
adobe+insulation+adobethermalmassmilk-basedpaintceiling:
galvanizedinsidewall:
plasternocarpetnotconnectedtoawatersystem:
well,rainwaterTapescript:
A--AlanJ--JonesL--LoganA:
Manyenvironmentalistsandenergyexpertssaythatthewaveofthefuturewon'tbeanyonemiraclecure,butratheroverallconservationofavailableresources.Theapproachisbeingspearheadedbyaquietrevolutionintheeco-consciousconstructionbusiness.ColoradoPublicRadio'sPeterJonesrecentlyvisitedabuildingsitenearBoulderandbringsusthisreport.J:
ArchitectJimLoganisbuildinghisenvironmentallysustainabledream-houseatthesiteofaformercommuneafewmilesnorthofBoulder.Loganhasincorporatednearlyeveryaspectofamoderneco-consciousdesign.Asyoudriveontothesmallfarmproperty,you'reimmediatelystruckbyaseriesoflargesouth-facingwindows.Walkthroughthewell-litkitchen,andyou'llseethateventhenorthsideofthebuildinghasapassivesolarcomponent.L:
Everyroominthishousehasawindowthatfacessouth,regardlessofwhereit'slocated,soalltheroomsinthehousehavebothday-lighting,whichmeansthatthere'samplelightcominginhighintotheroomsothatwedon'tneedtouseelectriclightsduringtheday,andalsohavesouth-facingglassthatprovidessolarheat.J:
Asaresult,Logan'shousewillhaveneitherafurnacenorair-conditioning.Forhotwater,he'llteeanactivesolarheater.Butefficientuseofthesunisonlyoneofthebuilding'smanyeco-consciousfeatures.L:
Theoutsidewalls--ifyouincludeafootofadobe,afootofinsulation,andanotherfootofadobe-arethreefeetthick.J:
Th
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- stepbystep3000 第三 unit8 答案 原文