先进制造技术复习题汇总.docx
- 文档编号:6847327
- 上传时间:2023-01-11
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:23
- 大小:443.88KB
先进制造技术复习题汇总.docx
《先进制造技术复习题汇总.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《先进制造技术复习题汇总.docx(23页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
先进制造技术复习题汇总
MODEL1ComputerAidedDesign—CAD
1.What’sthedefinitionofCAD?
CADisanadvancedinformationhandlingtechnologytosolvedesignproblemsforengineers.
CADcombinespeople’sabilitiesofdeducingandcreationwithcomputer’sfunctionsofprocessingandinformationstorage(计算机辅助设计(CAD)的结合能力和创造与推导计算机的功能、信息存储处理)
2.What’sthehistoricaldevelopmentofCAD?
(1)2DDrawingand3DWireframe(线框)modelingin1960s
(2)Surfacemodeling(曲面造型)in1970s;
(3)Solidmodeling(实体造型)in1980s;
(4)Parameterizedandvariablemodeling(变量参数化建模)in1990s.
3.Whatarethethreemethodsofproductdesigninclude?
Pleasegivetheircharacterizes.
RoutineDesign(常规设计):
onlychangingsomeparameters
InnovativeDesign(革新设计):
changingsomeparts
CreativeDesign(创新设计):
developinganewproduct
4.Pleasegivethephases(阶段)thatproductdesignprocessisdividedinto.
DemandAnalysis→ConceptualDesign→DetailDesign→ProductionPlanning
5.Whatarethethreephasesofconceptualdesign?
Generate、Value、Select
6.Whatarethefunctions(功能)ofCAD?
(1)Geometrymodeling
(2)Designreviewandanalysis
(3)Dynamicimitating(动态模拟)(4)Designdocumentation(设计文件编制)
7.Whatarethethreemethodsofgeometrymodeling?
Andgivethedisadvantageofeachmethod.
WireframeModeling(线框建模):
Disadvantage:
(1)Unabletoexpresscurvemodels(曲线模型表达)
(2)Amultivocal(多义的)model
Advantage:
Lessinformation;Lessstoragespace;Easydata-processing;Fastprocessingspeed;Lessneedofcomputerhardware.
SurfaceModeling:
disad:
(1)Onlysuitableforshell(壳体);
(2)Noinformationaboutsolidorhollow,insideoroutside;
(3)Noinformationaboutqualityandvolume;
(4)Unsuitableforanalysis.
Ad:
Morerigorousandintegrated;Findingintersectionpointsautomatically;Suitableforcomplicatedsurfacesuchascar’sbodyandplane’saerofoil.
SolidModeling:
disad:
(1)Lackofengineeringinformation(tolerance(公差),roughness(粗糙度),material(材料));
(2)Can’trealizeintegrationofCAD/CAM(不能实现CAD/CAM一体化).
Ad:
Integralinformation(geometryandtopologicalinformation);Removingelementsofhiding.
8.Whatarethepopularmethodsofsolidmodeling?
①Constructivesolidgeometry(CSG)
②Sweeprepresentation
9.HowdoesFEA(有限元分析)work?
Andwhichparameters(参数)doesFEAdemand?
1)Breakinganobjectupintomanysmallrectangularortriangularelements;
2)Analyzingtheresponseofeachfiniteelementtothestress,heat,orotherforce;
3)Combiningallelementsandpredictingthereactionofthewholeobject.
10.ProcessofCAD’sApplication
♦Geometrymodelingbasedondesigndemandandsavinggeometrydata;
♦Optimizingdesignprojectafterfinite-elementanalysis(FEA)andoptimizingdesign(OD)(优化设计);
♦Valueandrevisedesignresult;
♦Sendingdesigndatatoothersystems(CAPP,CAM,PDM).
11.TechnologiesInvolvedinCAD
♦Productinformationmodelingtechnology
♦Computergraphics
♦Engineeringanalysistechnology
♦Databaseanddataexchangetechnology
♦Documentdisposaltechnology
♦Softwaredesigntechnology
12.DevelopmentTrendofCADTechnology
Computerizing;Integrated(集成化);Intelligent;Networking;Visualization;Concurrent;Standard
13MethodsofComputerDrafting(计算机绘图)
parameterizedmethod(参数化方法)geometricelementcombiningmethod(几何元素拼接法)
14AdvantageofFeatureModeling
Puttingemphasisonfunctiondesign;EasytorealizeintegrationofCAX;Decreasingproduct’scost.
15PrincipleofFEA
Breakinganobjectupintomanysmallrectangularortriangularelements;
Analyzingtheresponseofeachfiniteelementtothestress,heat,orotherforce;
Combiningallelementsandpredictingthereactionofthewholeobject.
16ParametersofFEA(有限元分析的参数)
Geometry;Material;Loadingconditions;Constraints(约束)
17MethodsofTransfer
1.Readinginformationdirectlyfromthedrawingbyeitherautomaticallyormanuallydigitizingit.
2.Writingaspecialprogramtotranslatefromoneformattoanother.
3.Pre-processingthedrawingfilefromtheoriginalintoastandardformatandpost-processingthedrawingfileintheneutralformatintoaformatacceptabletothesecondsystem.
4.Constructingastandardproductdatamodel.
18StandardforExchangeofProductModelData(STEP)
Containingintegratedproductdata;
IndependentofCAX;Basisofproductdatabase.
MODEL2AutomatedManufacturing
Basicconcepts:
1、theconcepts,componentsandcharacteristicsofNC,NC,CNC,MCU,DPU,CLUandMC
概念、组成、特点
①NumericalControl数控
Asysteminwhichactionsarecontrolledbythedirectinsertionofnumericaldataatsomepoint.Thesystemmustautomaticallyinterpretatleastsomeportionofthisdata.
NCMachineComponent组件
•TheactualNCmachine
•Themachinecontrolunit(MCU)
•ThecommunicationinterfacebetweentheNCmachineandtheMCU
•AvarietyofaccessoriesforperformingspecificjobsontheNCmachine
Fourwaystoprogram编程anNCmachine:
Graphicsprogram;manualWrittenprogram;Digitizing
②DirectNumericalControl(DNC)【计算机】直接数控
DNCreferstoamanufacturingsystemthatusesacentralcomputertocontrolseveralmachinessimultaneously.
Schematicofdirectnumericalcontrol直接数字控制的原理
OnekeyadvantageofDNC,istheabilitytoproduceandprintreportsthatprovidevaluableinformationtosystemmanagers.
③computernumericalcontrol计算机数控
Anumericalcontrolsystemwhereinadedicated,storedprogramcomputerisusedtoperformsomeorallofthebasicnumericalcontrolfunctionsinaccordancewithcontrolprogramsstoredintheread-writememoryofthecomputer.”
ACNCsystemconsistsofthreecomponents
Thecontrolcomponent
Theinputcomponent
Theoutputcomponent
AdventofComputerNumericalControl
WithCNC,eachmachinetoolhasaPLCoramicrocomputerthatservesthesamepurpose.CNCissometimesreferredtoassoftwiredNC.
AdvantageofCNC:
allowthedatabasecreatedduringthedesignanddraftingofaparttobeusedinformulatingtheNCprogramtomakethepart.
AlibraryofNCprogramscannowbecreatedandeasilystoredforreuse.
MastercopiescanbemadeofaspecificNCprogramssothatitcanberevisedtocreateanewNCprogram.
④Machine-controlunit(MCU)机器控制单元
Readsthepartprogramandcontrolsthemachinetooloperation.
⑤Thedataprocessingunit(DPU)数据处理单元
aDPUconsistsofadatainputdeviceinclude:
–Paper-tapereader
–Data-reading
–Decodingcircuits
todeterminetherequiredaxismovements
⑥Thecontrolloopunit(CLU)控制回路单元
ACLUconsistsofaninterpolator,position-controlloopsforallaxesofmotion,velocity-controlloops,decelerationandbacklashtake-upcircuits,andauxiliaryfunctioncontroldevices.
⑦MC:
definedasmultifunction多功能CNCmachineswithautomatictool-changingcapabilitiesandrotatingtoolmagazine
2Classifications分类ofNCMachines数控机床的分类
fourtypesofcontrolsystemspossibleinaCNCoperation:
Pointtopointmachines;Pointtopointstraightline;2axiscontouringwithswitchableplane;3axiscontouringcontinuouspath
Classifiedbythetypesofservocontroller:
分类类型的伺服控制器
Openloopcontrol;Semiclosedloopcontrol;FullyClosedloopcontrol
3TheThreePartofaCNCProgram大纲
•ProgramSetup
•MaterialRemoval
•SystemShutdown系统关闭
•
FlexibleManufacturingSystem柔性制造系统
4、theconcepts,componentsandcharacteristicsofFMSanditsflexibility
FMSDefinition:
Aflexiblemanufacturingsystem(FMS)isanindividualmachineorgroupofmachinesservedbyanautomatedmaterialshandlingsystemthatiscomputercontrolledandhasatoolhandlingcapability.
AFMShasfourmajorcomponents:
主要部件
•Processequipment:
–Machinetools,assemblystations,inspectionstationandrobots,
•ControlSystem(Computercontrolledsystem)
–Storageanddistributionofpartsprograms
–Workflowcontrolandmonitoring
–Productioncontrol
–System/toolcontrol/monitoring
•Automatedmaterialhandling
–robots,conveyors,RGV,AGVandAS/RS
•Humanoperators(criticalroles)
ManufacturingSystemFeatures:
制造系统特点
①TransferLine
ØMachinesdedicatedtohandleoneortwoproducttypes
ØMaximumutilizationandhighproductionrates
ØDirectlaborinvolvementisminimal
ØLowunitcostofproduction
②CNCMachines
ØHighlevelofflexibility.
AnyjobcanbeprocessedwithintherangeofCNCmachinery
ØLowutilizationandlowproductionrate
ØUnitcostismuchhigher
③FMS
ØTruemid-volumemid-varietymanufacturingsystems
•Consists:
–Seriesofflexiblemachineries
–Automatedmaterialhandlingsystems
–Automatedtoolchanger
–Coordinatemeasuringmachines
–Partwashers
•Alltheequipmentsarecontrolledbyacentralcontroller
ØPermitsbothsequentialandrandomroutingofawidevarietyofparts
ØTosettletradeoffsbetweenproductionratsandflexibility.
ØMostmanufacturingsituationsrequiremediumproductionratestoproducemediumvolumeswithenoughflexibilitytoquicklyreconfigureforchangeofproduct.
5、thelayoutofFMSanditsfeatures.FMS的布局及其特点
•Progressive(渐进的)Layout:
–Bestforproducingavarietyofparts
•ClosedLoopLayout:
–Partscanskipstationsforflexibility
–Usedforlargepartsizes
–Bestforlongprocesstimes
•LadderLayout:
–Partscanbesenttoanymachineinanysequence
–Partsnotlimitedtoparticularpartfamilies
•OpenFieldLayout:
–MostcomplexFMSlayout
–Includesseveralsupportstations
6AdvantagesanddisadvantagesofFMSsimplementation实施
Advantages:
✓Faster,lower-costchangesfromoneparttoanotherwhichwillimprovecapitalutilization
✓Lowerdirectlaborcost,duetothereductioninnumberofworkers
✓Reducedinventory,duetotheplanningandprogrammingprecision
✓Consistentandbetterquality,duetotheautomatedcontrol
✓Lowercost/unitofoutput,duetothegreaterproductivityusingthesamenumberofworkers
✓Savin
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 先进 制造 技术 复习题 汇总