无机材料专业英语.docx
- 文档编号:6834683
- 上传时间:2023-01-11
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:9
- 大小:19.09KB
无机材料专业英语.docx
《无机材料专业英语.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《无机材料专业英语.docx(9页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
无机材料专业英语
专业词汇列表
晶体结构(structureofcrystal)原子质量单位Atomicmassunit(amu)原子量Atomicweight键能Bondingenergy共价键Covalentbond电子构型electronicconfiguration正电的Electropositive
氢键Hydrogenbond同位素Isotope摩尔Mole泡利不相容原理Pauliexclusionprinciple原子atom分子量moleculeweight量子数quantumnumber范德华键vanderwaalsbond点群pointgroup各向异性anisotropy
体心立方结构body-centeredcubic(BCC)布拉格定律bragg’slaw
晶体结构crystalstructure晶体的crystalline中子衍射neutrondiffraction晶界grainboundary鲍林规则Pauling’srules
CsCl型结构CaesiumChloridestructure纤锌矿型结构Wurtzitestructure萤石型结构Fluoritestructure尖晶石型结构Spinel-typestructure岛状结构Islandstructure层状结构Layerstructure滑石talc高岭石kaolinite长石feldspar各向同性的isotropic晶格lattice密勒指数millerindices多晶的polycrystalline原子数Atomicnumber波尔原子模型Bohratomicmodel库仑力Coulombicforce分子的构型molecularconfiguration负电的Electronegative基态Groundstate离子键Ionicbond金属键Metallicbond分子Molecule元素周期表Periodictable极性分子Polarmolecule价电子valenceelectron电子轨道electronorbitals对称要素symmetryelements原子堆积因数atomicpackingfactor(APF)面心立方结构face-centeredcubic(FCC)配位数coordinationnumber晶系crystalsystem衍射diffraction电子衍射electrondiffraction六方密堆积hexagonalclose-packed(HCP)
NaCl型结构NaCl-typestructure闪锌矿型结构Blende-typestructure金红石型结构Rutilestructure钙钛矿型结构Perovskite-typestructure硅酸盐结构Structureofsilicates链状结构Chainstructure架状结构Frameworkstructure叶蜡石pyrophyllite石英quartz美橄榄石forsterite各向异性的anisotropy晶格参数latticeparameters非结晶的noncrystalline多晶形polymorphism单晶singlecrystal电位electronstates电子electrons金属键metallicbonding极性分子polarmolecules
衍射角diffractionangle粒度,晶粒大小grainsize显微照相photomicrograph透射电子显微镜transmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM)四方的tetragonal配位数coordinationnumber晶胞unitcell
(化合)价valence共价键covalentbonding离子键Ionicbonding原子面密度atomicplanardensity合金alloy显微结构microstructure扫描电子显微镜scanningelectronmicroscope(SEM)重量百分数weightpercent单斜的monoclinic晶体结构缺陷(defectofcrystalstructure)
缺陷defect,imperfection线缺陷linedefect,dislocation体缺陷volumedefect位错线dislocationline螺位错screwdislocation晶界grainboundaries小角度晶界tiltboundary,位错阵列dislocationarray位错轴dislocationaxis位错爬移dislocationclimb位错滑移dislocationslip位错裂纹dislocationcrack位错密度dislocationdensity间隙原子interstitialatom间隙位置interstitialsites弗伦克尔缺陷Frenkeldisorder
主晶相thehostlattice缔合中心AssociatedCenters.电子空穴ElectronHoles克罗各-明克符号KrogerVinknotation固溶体solidsolution
化合物compound置换固溶体substitutionalsolidsolution不混溶固溶体immisciblesolidsolution有序固溶体orderedsolidsolution固溶强化solidsolutionstrengthening点缺陷pointdefect
面缺陷interfacedefect位错排列dislocationarrangement刃位错edgedislocation混合位错mixeddislocation大角度晶界high-anglegrainboundaries孪晶界twinboundaries位错气团dislocationatmosphere位错胞dislocationcell位错聚结dislocationcoalescence位错核心能量dislocationcoreenergy位错阻尼dislocationdamping原子错位substitutionofawrongatom晶格空位vacantlatticesites杂质impurities肖脱基缺陷Schottkydisorder错位原子misplacedatoms自由电子FreeElectrons伯格斯矢量Burgers中性原子neutralatom固溶度solidsolubility间隙固溶体interstitialsolidsolution金属间化合物intermetallics转熔型固溶体peritecticsolidsolution无序固溶体disorderedsolidsolution取代型固溶体Substitutionalsolidsolutions过饱和固溶体supersaturatedsolidsolution非化学计量化合物Nonstoichiometriccompound
表面结构与性质(structureandpropertyofsurface)表面surface
同相界面homophaseboundary晶界grainboundary小角度晶界lowanglegrainboundary共格孪晶界coherenttwinboundary
错配度mismatch重构reconstuction表面能surfaceenergy扭转晶界twistgrainboundary共格界面coherentboundary
非共格界面noncoherentboundary应变能strainenergy惯习面habitplane界面interface异相界面heterophaseboundary表面能surfaceenergy大角度晶界highanglegrainboundary晶界迁移grainboundarymigration驰豫relaxation表面吸附surfaceadsorption倾转晶界titltgrainboundary倒易密度reciprocaldensity半共格界面semi-coherentboundary
界面能interfacialfreeenergy晶体学取向关系crystallographicorientation
非晶态结构与性质(structureandpropertyofuncrystalline)
熔体结构structureofmelt
玻璃态vitreousstate
粘度viscosity
介稳态过渡相metastablephase
淬火quenching
玻璃分相phaseseparationinglasses
过冷液体supercoolingmelt
软化温度softeningtemperature
表面张力Surfacetension
组织constitution
退火的softened
体积收缩volumeshrinkage
扩散(diffusion)
活化能activationenergy
浓度梯度concentrationgradient
菲克第二定律Fick’ssecondlaw
稳态扩散steadystatediffusion
扩散系数diffusioncoefficient
填隙机制interstitalcymechanism
短路扩散short-circuitdiffusion
下坡扩散Downhilldiffusion
扩散通量diffusionflux
菲克第一定律Fick’sfirstlaw
相关因子correlationfactor
非稳态扩散nonsteady-statediffusion
跳动几率jumpfrequency
晶界扩散grainboundarydiffusion
上坡扩散uphilldiffusion
互扩散系数Mutualdiffusion
渗碳剂carburizing
浓度分布曲线concentrationprofile
驱动力drivingforce
自扩散self-diffusion
空位扩散vacancydiffusion
扩散方程diffusionequation
扩散特性diffusionproperty
达肯方程Darkequation
本征热缺陷Intrinsicthermaldefect
离子电导率Ion-conductivity
浓度梯度concentrationgradient
扩散流量diffusionflux
间隙扩散interstitialdiffusion
表面扩散surfacediffusion
扩散偶diffusioncouple
扩散机理diffusionmechanism
无规行走Randomwalk
柯肯达尔效应Kirkendallequation
本征扩散系数Intrinsicdiffusioncoefficient
空位机制Vacancyconcentration
腐蚀与氧化(corrodingandoxidation)
氧化反应Oxidationreaction
还原反应Reductionreaction
价电子Valenceelectron
腐蚀介质Corrodingsolution
电动势Electricpotential
推动力Thedrivingforce
腐蚀系统Corrodingsystem
腐蚀速度Corrosionpenetrationrate
电流密度Currentdensity
电化学反应Electrochemicalreaction
极化作用Polarization
过电位Theovervoltage
浓差极化Concentrationpolarization
电化学极化Activationpolarization
极化曲线Polarizationcurve
缓蚀剂Inhibitor
原电池galvaniccell
电偶腐蚀galvaniccorrosion
电位序galvanicseries
应力腐蚀Stresscorrosion
冲蚀Erosion-corrosion
腐蚀短裂Corrosioncracking
防腐剂Corrosionremover
腐蚀电极Corrosiontarget
隙间腐蚀Crevicecorrosion
均匀腐蚀Uniformattack
晶间腐蚀Intergranularcorrosion
焊缝破坏Welddecay
选择性析出Selectiveleaching
氢脆损坏Hydrogenembitterment
阴极保护Catholicprotection
穿晶断裂Intergranularfracture
固相反应和烧结(solidstatereactionandsintering)
固相反应solidstatereaction
烧成fire
再结晶Recrystallization
成核nucleation
子晶,雏晶mattedcrystal
异质核化heterogeneousnucleation
铁碳合金iron-carbonalloy
铁素体ferrite
共晶反应eutecticreaction
烧结sintering
合金alloy
二次再结晶Secondaryrecrystallization
结晶crystallization
耔晶取向seedorientation
均匀化热处理homogenizationheattreatment
渗碳体cementite
奥氏体austenite
固溶处理solutionheattreatment
相变(phasetransformation)
过冷supercooling
晶核nucleus
形核功nucleationenergy
均匀形核homogeneousnucleation
形核率nucleationrate
热力学函数thermodynamicsfunction
临界晶核criticalnucleus
枝晶偏析dendriticsegregation
平衡分配系数equilibriumdistributioncoefficient
成分过冷constitutionalsupercooling
共晶组织eutecticstructure
伪共晶pseudoeutectic
表面等轴晶区chillzone
中心等轴晶区equiaxedcrystalzone
急冷技术splatcooling
单晶提拉法Czochralskimethod
位错形核dislocationnucleation
斯宾那多分解spinodaldecomposition
马氏体相变martensitephasetransformation
成核机理nucleationmechanism
过冷度degreeofsupercooling
形核nucleation
晶体长大crystalgrowth
非均匀形核heterogeneousnucleation
长大速率growthrate
临界晶核半径criticalnucleusradius
局部平衡localizedequilibrium
有效分配系数effectivedistributioncoefficient
引领(领先)相leadingphase
层状共晶体lamellareutectic
离异共晶divorsedeutectic
柱状晶区columnarzone
定向凝固unidirectionalsolidification
区域提纯zonerefining
晶界形核boundarynucleation
晶核长大nucleigrowth
有序无序转变disordered-ordertransition
马氏体martensite
成核势垒nucleationbarrier
相平衡与相图(PhaseequilibriumandPhasediagrams)
相图phasediagrams
组分component
相律Phaserule
浓度三角形Concentrationtriangle
成分composition
相平衡phaseequilibrium
热力学thermodynamics
吉布斯相律Gibbsphaserule
吉布斯自由能Gibbsfreeenergy
吉布斯熵Gibbsentropy
热力学函数thermodynamicsfunction
过冷supercooling
杠杆定律leverrule
相界线phaseboundaryline
共轭线conjugatelines
相界反应phaseboundaryreaction
相组成phasecomposition
金相相组织phaseconstentuent
相衬显微镜phasecontrastmicroscope
相分布phasedistribution
相平衡图phaseequilibriumdiagram
相分离phasesegregation
相phase
组元compoonent
投影图Projectiondrawing
冷却曲线Coolingcurve
自由度freedom化学势chemicalpotential
相律phaserule自由能freeenergy
吉布斯混合能Gibbsenergyofmixing吉布斯函数Gibbsfunction热分析thermalanalysis过冷度degreeofsupercooling
相界phaseboundary相界交联phaseboundarycrosslinking相界有限交联phaseboundarycrosslinking相变phasechange共格相phase-coherent相衬phasecontrast相衬显微术phasecontrastmicroscopy相平衡常数phaseequilibriumconstant相变滞后phasetransitionlag相序phaseorder相稳定性phasestability相稳定区phasestabilerange相变压力phasetransitionpressure
同素异晶转变allotropictransformation显微结构microstructures不混溶性immiscibility相态phasestate相变温度phasetransitiontemperature多晶转变polymorphictransformation相平衡条件phaseequilibriumconditions低共熔体eutectoid
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 无机 材料 专业 英语