英语专业八级真题.docx

英语专业八级真题.docx

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英语专业八级真题

QUESTIONBOOKLET试卷用后随即销毁。

严禁保留、出版或复印。

TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS（2018）

-GRADEEIGHT-

TIMELIMIIT：

150MIN

PARTILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION[25MIN]

SECTIONAMINI-LECTURE

YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.

Nowlistentothemini-lecture.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTHREEminutes

tocheckyourwork.

SECTIONBINTERVIEW

InthissectionyouwillhearONEinterview.Theinterviewwillbedividedinto

TWOparts.Attheendofeachpart,fivequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.

BoththeinterviewandthequestionswillbespokenONCEONLY.Aftereachquestion

therewillbeaten-secondpause.Duringthepause,youshouldreadthefourchoices

ofA）,B）,C）andD）,andmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEET

TWO.

YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthechoices.

Now,listentothefirstinterview.Questions1to5arebasedonPartOneofthe

interview.

Nowlistentotheinterview.

A.Announcementofresults.

B.Lackofatimeschedule.

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C.Slownessinballotscounting.

D.Directionoftheelectoralevents.

A.OthervoiceswithinAfghanistanwantedso.

B.Thedatehadbeensetpreviously.

C.Alltheballotshadbeencounted.

D.TheUNadvisedthemtodoso.

A.Tocalmthevoters.

B.Tospeeduptheprocess.

C.Tosticktotheelectionrules.

A.Unacceptable.

B.Unreasonable.

C.Insensible.

D.Illconsidered.

A.Supportive.

B.Ambivalent.

C.Opposed.

D.Neutral.

NowlisteningtoPartTwooftheinterview.Questions6to10arebasedonPart

Twooftheinterview.

A.Ensurethegovernmentincludesallparties.

B.Discusswhoisgoingtobethewinner.

C.Supervisethecountingofvotes.

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D.Seeksupportfromimportantsectors.

A.36%-24%.

B.46%-34%.

C.56%-44%.

D.66%-54%.

A.Bothcandidates.

B.Electoralinstitutions.

C.TheUnitedNations.

D.Notspecified.

A.Itwasunheardof.

B.Itwasonasmallscale.

C.Itwasinsignificant.

D.Itoccurredelsewhere.

A.Problemsintheelectoralprocess.

B.Formationofanewgovernment.

C.Prematureannouncementofresults.

D.DemocracyinAfghanistan.

PARTⅡREADINGCOMPREHENSION[25MIN]

SECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONS

Inthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbyfourteenmultiplechoice

questions.Foreachmultiplechoicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswers

markedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmark

youransweronANSWERSHEETTWO.

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PASSAGEONE

（1）“Britain'sbestexport,”IwastoldbytheDepartmentofImmigrationin

Canberra,“ispeople.”Closeon100,000peoplehaveappliedforassistedpassagesin

thefirstfivemonthsoftheyear,andhalfoftheseareeventuallyexpectedtomigrate

toAustralia.

（2）TheAustralianaredelighted.Theyarekeenlywarethatwithoutastrongflow

ofimmigrantsintotheworkforcethedevelopmentoftheAustralianeconomyis

unlikelytoproceedattheambitiouspacecurrentlyenvisaged.Thenewmineral

discoveriespromiseasplendidfuture,andtheinjectionofhugeamountsof

AmericanandBritishcapitalshouldhelptoensurethattheyareproperlyexploited,

butwithunemploymentinAustraliadowntolessthan1.3percent,thegovernment

isunderstandablyanxioustoattractmoreskilledlabor.

（3）AustraliaisroughlythesamesizeasthecontinentalUnitedStates,buthas

onlytwelvemillioninhabitants.Migrationhasaccountedforhalfthepopulation

increaseinthelastfouryears,andhascontributedgreatlytothecountry's

impressiveeconomicdevelopment.Britainhasalwaysbeentheprincipalsource–

ninetypercentofAustraliansareofBritishdescent,andBritainhasprovidedone

millionmigrantssincetheSecondWorldWar.

（4）Australiahasalsogivengreatattentiontorecruitingpeopleelsewhere.

Australiansdecidedtheyhadanexcellentpotentialsourceofapplicantsamongthe

so-called“guestworkers”whohavecrossedtheirownfrontierstoworkinotherarts

ofEurope.Therewereestimatedtobemorethanfourmillionofthem,andalarge

numberwereofferedsubsidizedpassagesandguaranteedjobsinAustralia.Italyhas

forsomeyearsbeenthesecondbiggestsourceofmigrants,andtheAustralianshave

alsomanagedtoattractalargenumberofGreeksandGermans.

（9）MostBritishmigrantsmisscouncilhousingtheNationalHealthscheme,and

theirrelativesandformerneighbor.Lonelinessisabigfactor,especiallyamong

housewives.Themensoonmakenewfriendsatwork,butwivestendtofinditmuch

hardertogetusedtoadifferentwayoflife.Manyarehouseboundbecauseof

inadequatepublictransportinmostoutlyingsuburbs,andregularcorrespondence

withtheiroldfriendsathomeonlyservestoincreasetheirdiscontent.One

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housewifewasquotedrecentlyassaying:

“IevenfindImissthepeopleIusedtohate

athome.”

（10）Rentarehigh,andtherearelongwaitinglistsforHousingCommission

homes.Sicknesscanbeanexpensivebusinessandtheclimatecanbeunexpectedly

rough.ThegapbetweenAustralianandBritishwagepacketsisnolongerbig,and

peoplearegenerallyexpectedtoworkharderherethantheydoathome.

Professionalmenoverfortyoftenhavedifficultyinfindingadecentjob.Aboveall,

perhaps,skilledimmigrantsoftenfindsaconsiderablereluctancetoaccepttheir

qualifications.

（11）AccordingtothejournalAustralianManufacturer,theattitudeofmany

employersandfellowworkersisanythingbutfriendly.“WeAustralians,”itstatedina

recentissue,“arejusttoofondofpaintingtherosypictureofthebig,warm-hearted

Aussie.Asamatteroffact,wearesobusyblowingourowntrumpetsthatwehave

notnottimetobewarm-heartedandconsiderate.Godown“heart-breakalley”

amongsomeofthemigrantsandfindoutjusthowexpansivetheAussieistohis

immigrants.”

TheAustralianswantastrongflowofimmigrantsbecause.

Immigrantsspeedupeconomicexpansion

unemploymentisdowntoalowfigure

immigrantsattractforeigncapital

AustraliaisaslargeastheUnitedStates

AustraliaprefersimmigrantsfromBritainbecause.

theyareselectedcarefullybeforeentry

theyarelikelytoformnationalgroups

theyarefondoflivinginsmalltowns

InexplainingwhysomemigrantsreturntoEuropetheauthor.

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stressestheireconomicmotives

emphasizesthevarietyoftheirmotives

stresseslonelinessandhomesickness

emphasizesthedifficultiesofmenoverforty

whichofthefollowingwordsisusedliterally,notmetaphorically?

“flow”（Para.2）.

“injection”（Para.2）.

“gravitate”（Para.5）.

“selective”（Para.6）.

Para.11picturestheAustraliansas.

unsympathetic

ungenerous

undemonstrative

unreliable

PASSAGETWO

（1）Someoftheadvantagesofbilingualismincludebetterperformanceattasks

involving“executivefunction”（whichinvolvesthebrain'sabilitytoplanand

prioritize）,betterdefenseagainstdementiainoldageand—theobvious—theability

tospeakasecondlanguage.Onepurportedadvantagewasnotmentioned,though.

Manymultilingualsreportdifferentpersonalities,orevendifferentworldviews,when

theyspeaktheirdifferentlanguages.

（2）It'sanexcitingnotion,theideathatone'sveryselfcouldbebroadenedby

themasteryoftwoormorelanguages.Inobviousways（exposuretonewfriends,

literatureandsoforth）theselfreallyisbroadened.Yetitisdifferenttoclaim—as

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manypeopledo—tohaveadifferentpersonalitywhenusingadifferentlanguage.A

formerEconomistcolleague,forexample,reportedbeingruderinHebrewthanin

English.Sowhatisgoingonhere?

（3）BenjaminLeeWhorf,anAmericanlinguistwhodiedin1941,heldthateach

languageencodesaworldviewthatsignificantlyinfluencesitsspeakers.Oftencalled

“Whorfianism”,thisideahasitssceptics,buttherearestillgoodreasonstobelieve

languageshapesthought.

（4）Thisinfluenceisnotnecessarilylinkedtothevocabularyorgrammarofa

secondlanguage.Significantly,mostpeoplearenotsymmetricallybilingual.Many

havelearnedonelanguageathomefromparents,andanotherlaterinlife,usuallyat

school.Sobilingualsusuallyhavedifferentstrengthsandweaknessesintheir

differentlanguages—andtheyarenotalwaysbestintheirfirstlanguage.For

example,whentestedinaforeignlanguage,peoplearelesslikelytofallintoa

cognitivetrap（answeringatestquestionwithanobvious-seemingbutwronganswer）

thanwhentestedintheirnativelanguage.Inpartthisisbecauseworkinginasecond

languageslowsdownthethinking.Nowonderpeoplefeeldifferentwhenspeaking

them.Andnowondertheyfeellooser,morespontaneous,perhapsmoreassertiveor

funnierorblunter,inthelanguagetheywererearedinfromchildhood.

（6）Manybilingualsarenotbicultural.Butsomeare.Andofthosebicultural

bilinguals,weshouldbelittlesurprisedthattheyfeeldifferentintheirtwolanguages.

Experimentsinpsychologyhaveshownthepowerof“priming”—smallunnoticed

factorsthatcanaffectbehaviorinbigways.Askingpeopletotellahappystory,for

example,willputtheminabettermood.Thechoicebetweentwolanguagesisa

hugeprime.SpeakingSpanishratherthanEnglish,forabilingualandbicultural

PuertoRicaninNewYork,mightconjurefeelingsoffamilyandhome.Switchingto

Englishmightprimethesamepersontothinkofschoolandwork.

（7）Sotherearetwoverygoodreasons（asymmetricalability,andpriming）that

makepeoplefeeldifferentspeakingtheirdifferentlanguages.Wearestillleftwitha

thirdkind