江苏届高三一模汇编之阅读.docx
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江苏届高三一模汇编之阅读.docx
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江苏届高三一模汇编之阅读
江苏2018届高三一模汇编之阅读
南京市第三高级中学2018届高三月考英语试题
A
TheFilm:
TheGreatGatsby(BasedonFitzgerald’sNovelTheGreatGatsby)
Director:
BazLuhrmannCast:
LeonardoDiCaprioasJayGatsby
FilmReviews:
IfyouneverreadtheclassicF.ScottFitzgerald’snovelTheGreatGatsby,nowisyourchancetocatchup—bywatchingthelatestfilmadaptation.Becauseifthere’sonesentencetosumupthefilm,itwouldbe:
It’sjustlikethebook.
Theuseofmusicisalmostreasonenoughtoseethefilm.BazLuhrmannisathisbestmixingvisualandmusicalstylestogethertocreatesomethingwhollyoriginal,forexample,inoneofthemostoutstandingscenesinthefilm,thefirstpartyscene,NickwalksquicklyfromonepartyguesttoanotherpartyguesttryingtoexplainallthegossipaboutGatsbyuntilheisfinallyintroducedtothemanhimself,whilethemoststirringversionofRhapsodyinBlue(蓝色狂想曲),whichwascomposedbyAmericanmusicianGeorgeGershwinin1924,isplayedinthebackground.
─FoxNews
DirectorBazLuhrmann’smainchallengewaseithertofindavisualequivalent(相等物)forFitzgerald’selegantquality--theopensecretofthebook’spopularityforsolongtime–ortomatchhisownunusualpersonalstrengthswiththematerial.Hetriesitbothways,withconsiderabledegreesofsuccess.
DiCapriodoesagoodandprofessionaljobasthesocialite(上流社会人士)byrecreatingFitzgerald’sdescriptionofGatsby’scharm.Hecanlookatsomeoneforaninstantandunderstandhow,perfectly,heorshewantstobeseen.
─TimeMagazine
AbouttheBookandtheMainCharacter:
ConsideredtobeFitzgerald’srepresentativework,TheGreatGatsbyexploresthemesofidealism,resistancetochange,socialchange,andexcess,creatingaportraitoftheJazzAgeortheRoaringTwentiesthathasbeendescribedasataleregardingtheAmericanDream.
Nick,thenarrator,movestoNewYorkforthesummertovisithiscousinDaisy.Hisnext-doorneighborisJayGatsby(LeonardoDiCaprio),whorarelycontactswithothersandissaidtobeaherooftheGreatWar.GatsbyclaimstohaveattendedOxfordUniversity,buttheevidenceissuspect.AsNicklearnsmoreaboutGatsby,everydetailabouthimseemsquestionable,excepthislovefortheDaisy.ThoughDaisyismarried,Gatsbystilllovesherashis“goldengirl”.Theyfirstmetwhenshewasayoungladyfromawealthyfamilyandhewasaworking-classmilitaryofficer.Daisypromisedtowaitforhisreturnfromthewar.However,shemarriedTom,aclassmateofNick’s.Havingobtainedagreatfortune,Gatsbysetsouttowinherbackagain.
56.AccordingtoTimeMagazine,whatdidBazLuhrmanndotomakethefilmasuccess?
A.Hemixedhisstylewiththeeleganceofthebook.B.Hemadethefilmmorepowerfulthanthebook.
C.Headaptedthestoryinthenovelashewished.D.Hechangedthestorytomeethisownstyle.
57.WhichofthefollowingcanbeusedtodescribeGatsby?
A.Faithfulandwarm-hearted.B.Mysteriousanddevoted.C.Selfishandcharming.D.Charmingandprofessional.
B
Ontheoccasionalclear-frostautumnright,IwashikingthroughthedarkforestwithmyGMOwolf.Yes,mybestfriendisageneticallymodifiedorganism(转基因生物);deliberateselectionhasproducedtheblunt-toothed,small-pawedwonderthatwalksbymyside.
Ourworldischangingrapidly.Inthelastfivedecades,globalpopulationhasfullydoubled,with3.7billionhungrymouthsaddedtoourplanet.Duringthissametimespan,theamountoflandsuitableforagriculturehasincreasedbyonly5%.Miraculously,thisdidnotresultinthegreatglobalfamine(饥荒)onemighthavepredicted..
Howdoscientistsmodifyaplantsothatitmakesmorefoodthanitsparentsdid?
Wecouldtreateachharvestlikealitterofwolfpupsandselectonlyplantsbearingthefattest;richestseedsforthenextseason.Thiswasthemethodourancestorsusedtoengineerrice,cornandwheatfromthewildgrassestheyencountered.
Duringmychildhood,advancesingenetictechnologiesallowedscientiststoidentifyandclonethegenesresponsibleforrepressingstemgrowth,leadingtoshorter,strongerstalksthatcouldbearmoreseed—thehigh-yieldcropsthatfeedustoday.The21stcenturyhasbroughtwithitamarvelousnewsetofhigh-techtoolswithwhichtofurtherquickentheprocessofartificialselection.PlantgeneticistscannowdirectlyeditoutoreditinsectionsofDNAusingmolecularscissors.Wecanminimizeaplant'sweaknesseswhileaddingtoitsstrengths,andwedon'thavetowaitforseasonstopasstotesttheresult.
Itisthetransformativepotentialofthesetechniquestoquicklysupplythenext-generationcropsrequiredforupcomingclimatechangethathasledmetobelieveinthesafetyandfunctionofGMOplantsinagriculturalproducts.WeneedmoreGMOresearchtofeedtheworldthatwearecreating.
Ilovethequietforestthatstandsbetweenmylabandmyhome.ButIknowthatasascientist,Iamresponsiblefirsttohumanity.Wemustfeed,shelterandnurtureoneanotherasourfirstpriority,andtodoso,wemusttakeadvantageofourbesttechnologies,whichhavealwaysincludedsometypeofgeneticmodification.Wemustcontinueasbefore,nourishingthefutureaswefeedourselves,andeachyearplantonlytheverybestofwhatwehavecollectivelyengineered.IkeepthefaithofmyancestorseachnightwhenIwalkthroughtheforesttomylab,andmyGMOwolfdoesthesamewhensheguardsmywayhome.
58.Whydoestheauthormentionthewolfinthe1stparagraph?
A.ToadvisepeopletokeepwolvesaspetsB.Topersuadereaderstowelcomethenewtechnology
C.Tochangepeople'sattitudetowardswolvesD.Tointroduceatechnologyusedtohumans'advantage
59.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.GMOtechnologywillhelpweatherprooffuturecrops.B.WithGMOtechnology,faminehasbeeneliminated.
C.Artificialselectionsmakehigh-yieldplantspossible.D.Theauthorbelievestechnologyshouldcontributetofuturegenerations.
60.Whatcanbelearnedaboutmodifyingaplant?
A.Ittakesscientistsseasonstoknowwhethertheirselectioniscorrect.
B.Onewayforancestorstochangeaplantwastoclonesomegenes.
C.ModerntechniqueshelpspeeduptheartificialselectionbyalteringDNA.
D.ThegeneralpublicshowstrongfaithinGMOplants.
61.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?
A.GMOTechnology—TurningWolvesintotheBestPetsB.EngineeredFood—FeedingFutureGenerations
C.EngineeredFood—ToBeorNotToBeD.GMOTechnology—ADrivingForceinWorldPeace
C
Kepler22b,aplanetmorelikeEarththananyyetdiscovered,hasbeenidentifiedasapotentialfuturehomeformankind.
Kepler22bcontainsbothlandandwaterandhastemperatureswhichaveragearound22℃.Italsocontainstherightatmospheretopotentiallysupportlife.
Itis,however,600lightyearsfromEarth.Theplanet,whereayearlasts290days,wasfirstspottedtwoyearsago.
However,NASAscientistsusingtheagency‟sKeplerspacetelescopehavenowconcludedthatitoffersthebesthopeyetforfuturehumanhabitationoutsidetheSolarSystem.
Oneofthekeystandardsforaplanettobehabitableisthatitremainsroughlytherightdistancefromitsmainstartobeneithertoocoldnortoohot.
Thisrangeofidealtemperaturesisknowntoscientistsasthe“Goldilocks”zone,asthetemperatureis“justright”forlife.
BillBorucki,KeplerprincipalinvestigatoratNASAAmesResearchCentre,said:
“WehavenowgotgoodplanetconfirmationwithKepler22b.Wearecertainthatitisinthehabitablezoneandifithasasurfaceitoughttohaveanicetemperature.”
Therearenowthreeplanetsoutsidethesystem,knownasexoplanets,whichexpertsbelievecouldpotentiallybecolonised(建殖民地)byfuturegenerations.
InMay,FrenchastronomersidentifiedGliese581d,whichisfarcloserataround20lightyearsaway.Itisaboutsixtimesthemass(质量)ofEarthandisoneofafamilyofatleastsixplanets.
InAugust,ateamfromSwitzerlandreportedthatanotherplanetcalledHD85512band36lightyearsawayseemedtobehabitable.
TheplanetisintheconstellationofVela,measuringaround3.6timestheEarth‟smass.
Accordingtoanonlinecataloguethatindexesbodiesoutsideoursolarsystem,atotalof47exoplanetsandexomoonsarepotentialhabitablecandidatesbutnotenoughresearchhasbeendonetobesure.
62.Whetheraplanetissuitableformankindtoliveondoesn’tdependon________.
A.whetheritiscloseenoughtoEarthB.whethertherearepropertemperatures
C.whetherthereisatmospherearounditD.whetherthereislandandwateronit
63.InwhatwayisKepler22blikeEarth?
A.Itsmass.B.Itssize.C.Itsshape.D.Itsconditions.
64.Itcanbelearntfromthepassagethat________.
A.Kepler22bisclosertoEarththanGliese581dB.Kepler22b’smassisgreaterthanHD85512b’s
C.Kepler22b’syearlastslongerthantheearth’sD.Kepler22bismostlikelytobehabitableofall
65.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.
A.thefartheraplanetisawayfromtheearth,themorelikelyitistobehabitable
B.thelongerayearofaplanetlasts,thefartheritisawayfromtheSolarSystem
C.themorepotentialhabitableexoplanetsarefound,themoreresearchweshoulddo
D.thesmallermassaplanethasthantheearth,thelesspossiblythereiswateronit
D
Gamblers(赌徒)atMonteCarloarepursuingmoney,andmostofthemloseitinstead,butthereareotherwaysofpursuing(追求)money,whichoftensucceed.Soitiswithhappiness.Epicurus,aGreekphilosopher,pursueditbylivingonlyinpleasantsocietyandeatingonlydrybreadforthesakeofhispoorhealth,withalittlecheeseonfeastdays.Hismethodprovedsuccessfulinhiscase,butsom
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