天津市双菱中学阅读理解中考英语专项训练含答案解析.docx
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天津市双菱中学阅读理解中考英语专项训练含答案解析.docx
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天津市双菱中学阅读理解中考英语专项训练含答案解析
天津市双菱中学阅读理解中考英语专项训练含答案解析
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编
1.阅读理解
Whatcanwelearnfromthespecial,verysuccessfulpeopleintheworldwhomaketheimpossiblepossible?
Lesson1:
Waysofcreativethinkingareneeded
BillGatesandMarkZuckerbergbothdroppedoutofcollege.Theyprefertoteachthemselvesbecausetheyliketodeveloptheirownwaysofthinking.Theythinkstandardwaysofteachingmightstoppeoplefrombeingcreativeandhavingnewideas.
Lesson2:
Theanswermightnotbewhatyouexpect
Findyouranswersfromfacts-notstartwithanexpectationofwhatyouwillfind.StephenJacobsenfromNorthwesternUniversitybelievedwhathewastaught:
thatwaterontheEarthcamefromicycomets(封星)orplanetswhichhitintotheEarth.
However,bystudyingaspecialrock,hediscoveredthatitactslikeasponge.ThissuggeststhattheEarth'swatermayhavecomefrominside,driventothesurfacetoformtheoceans,bygeologicalactivities.
"Ihadaprettyhardtimemakingothersbelieveit,"hesaid."Butthinkaboutthefactthatyoumaybethefirstpersontoseesomethingforthefirsttimethatdoesn'thappenveryoften.Whenitdoes,it'samazing."
Lesson3:
Alittleluckgoesalongway
Yearsofplanningwentintoarecentachievementinspacetravel.TheEuropeanSpaceAgency's"Philae",arobotlandingcraft,metupwithComet67P,whichis480millionkilometresaway.ThetripfromtheEarthby"Philae"hadtakentenyears!
Thescientistshadnoideawhatthesurfaceofthecometwouldbelike.Ifthelandingfailed,itwouldbeimpossibletogetinformationfromthespacecraft.Twentyyearsofworkwouldhavebeenwasted.
When"Philae"triedtoland,itbounced(弹起)awayfromthecomet'sicysurfacetwice.Luckily,however,"Philae"landedsuccessfullyandbegansendinginformationbacktotheEarth.
(1)BillGatesandMarkZuckerbergdidn'tfinishcollegebecause .
A. theypreferredtolearnbythemselves
B. theyneededstandardwaysofteaching
C. theirteachersdidn'tliketheirnewideas
D. theirteachersweren'tabletoteachthem
(2)InLesson2,thewritermainlywantstotellusthat .
A. weshouldgetanswersfromfacts
B. wecanbelievewhatwearetaught
C. it'shardtomakeothersbelievesomething
D. anexpectationcanhelpgetananswerinresearch
(3)Theexample"Philae"inLesson3showsthat .
A. Comet67PisnotfarawayfromtheEarth
B. ittook"Philae"20yearstoreachComet67P
C. "Philae"landedonComet67Pwithalittleluck
D. scientistsknewnothingaboutthesurfaceofComet67P
(4)Thebesttitleforthispassageis" ".
A. Waysofdiscovering
B. Lessonsforsuccess
C. Waysofbeingspecial
D. Lessonsforexperiments
【答案】
(1)A
(2)A
(3)C
(4)B
【解析】【分析】文章大意:
我们能从世界上那些使不可能的事情成为可能的特别的、非常成功的人身上学到什么呢?
第一要有需要创造性思维的方式;第二从事实中找出你的答案,而不是从对你将要找到的东西的期望开始。
第三要有一点点运气,从事实中找出你的答案,而不是从对你将要找到的东西的期望开始。
(1)细节理解题,根据 BillGatesandMarkZuckerbergbothdroppedoutofcollege.Theyprefertoteachthemselves可知,比尔盖茨和马克扎克伯格喜欢自学,所以退学,故答案是A。
(2)主旨大意题,根据Findyouranswersfromfacts-notstartwithanexpectationofwhatyouwillfind.可知,第二课主要说的是要从事实中找答案,故答案是A。
(3)逻辑推理题,根据第三颗主要说的是要有点运气,但是彗星67P上环境如何无人知道,成功与否无人知道,这就需要一点运气了,故答案是C。
(4)标题判断题,根据文章内容可知,这三课都是从成功那里学到的,也是为了成功,故答案是B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节理解题、逻辑推理题、标题判断题和主旨大意题。
细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案;文章出处题需要根据文章内容确定其来源;逻辑推理题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息;标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上,总结中心思想,凝练句式,最终确定答案;主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出中心思想。
2.阅读下列短文,从文后每小题A、B、C选项中选择最佳答案。
Mr.Chenwaspuzzled(闲惑的)andalittlesuspicious(怀疑的).Hesatintheofficeandstudiedaletterapparently(看似)fromMrs.Wang,themotherofoneofthepupilsinhisclass.Therewassomethingaboutitwhichworriedhim.
"Idon'tunderstand,"hesaidtohimself.Heshookhisheadashecircledfourmistakesintheletter."Mrs.Wangisaneducatedwoman.Shewouldn'tmakemistakesliketheseevenifshedidwritetheletterinahurry."Mr.Chentookouthisclassregister(名册)andsaidtohimself,"YesterdaywasThursday.Letmesee.Ah,yes.Ithoughtso.DavidwasabsentonThursdaylastweekandtheweekbefore.Hm.WhyishesooftenabsentonThursdays?
Washereallyillyesterday?
Coulditbeacoincidence(巧合)?
”
Mr.Chenstaredattheregisterasiftheanswerstohisquestionswerehiddeninitsomewhere.Thenhetookoutacopyofthetimetable(课程表)forhisclass.
"Iwonder."hetoldtohimself."Iwonderifhisabsencehasanythingtodowithoneoftheselessons."
Mr.ChenlookedatthesubjectsforThursday:
Mathematics,English,P.E.HethoughtaboutP.E.HeknewthatthepupilshadP.E.twiceaweek:
onceonMonday,whentheyusuallyplayedgamesontheschoolfield,andonceonThursday,whentheydidexercisesinthegym.
Mr.ChenglancedroundtheofficetofindMr.Long,theratherstrictP.E.teacher,buthewasnotthere.
"I'dbetterhaveachatwithLongandDavid,"Mr.Chenthought.
Thebellrang."Ican'tdoanythingrightnow,"Mr.Chenthought."It'stimetogotoClass2.I'lldoitlateron."
Mr.ChenpickeduphisbooksandwalkedofftoteachClass2.
Later,onFriday,Mr.ChenspoketoMr.Long,theP.E.teacher.Mr.LongagreedthatitseemedstrangeforDavidtobeabsentsooftenongymdays.Theythoughtaboutitforawhile.
"Davidisagoodathlete(运动员),"Mr.Longfinallysaid,"buthe'safraidofheights.Iwashardonhimoncebecausehewouldn'tclimbmorethanacoupleofmetersuptherope.Doyouthinkthat'swhyhe'sbeenabsentrecently?
"
"Yes,Ithinkso,"Mr.Chensaid."I'mgoingtotalktohimthisafternoonbeforehegoeshome."
"Well,I'vegotasuggestiontomake,"saidMr.Long."Ifhe'sscaredofheights,he'dbettercomeandseemeafterschool.Quiteafewpeoplesufferfrom(遭受)vertigo.I'llbegladtohelphim."
“That'sverykindofyou,"saidMr.Chen."I'llgethimtocomeandseeyouonMondayorTuesday."
(1)TheletterwassenttoMr.ChenbecauseDavid onThursday.
A. wasflathome
B. didn'tgotoschool
C. wasabsentfromP.Eclass
(2)Mr.Chenwaspuzzledbytheletterbecause .
A. David'smothersenthimtheletter
B. hecouldn'tunderstandtheletter
C. itdidn'tseemtobewrittenbyaneducatedadult
(3)Mr.ChengottheideathatDavid'sabsencehadsomethingtodowithP.E.afterhe .
A. studiedthetimetable
B. studiedtheclassregister
C. talkedwithMr.Long
(4)Theunderlinedword"vertigo"means inthepassage.
A. 身体疼痛
B. 恐高眩晕
C. 肠胃痉挛
(5)Fromthepassageweknow .
A. Daviddidn'tlikeP.E.classes
B. Daviddidn'tlikeMr.Long'sbeinghardonhim
C. Davidwasafraidofheights
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)A
(4)B
(5)C
【解析】【分析】大意:
陈老师对David妈妈写的请假条感到很疑惑,因为上面有几处语法错误。
陈老师经过调查发现,每周四David就会请假,而那是体育课。
跟David的体育老师交流之后,陈老师觉得David可能恐高,因此请假不上体育课,陈老师决定和David谈谈并帮助他。
(1)细节题。
根据请假条中Davidwasabsentyesterday.David昨天请假。
和第二段YesterdaywasThursday.昨天是周四,可知因为David周四没有去学校,所以妈妈给陈老师写了请假条。
故选B。
(2)推断题。
根据第二段Shewouldn'tmakemistakesliketheseevenifshedidwritetheletterinahurry.她不会犯像这样的错误即使她是匆忙写的信,可知陈老师很疑惑,因为这封信似乎不像是一个受过教育的成人写的。
故选C。
(3)细节题。
根据第三段Thenhetookoutacopyofthetimetable(课程表)forhisclass.然后他拿出了他的班级的课程表复印件,可知,陈老师在研究完课程表之后发现David请假和体育课有关。
故选A。
(4)词义猜测题。
根据上文Ifhe'sscaredofheights,he'dbettercomeandseemeafterschool.如果他害怕高,他最好放学后来找我,可知vertigo指的是恐高。
故选B。
(5)推断题。
通读全文可知,David每周四都请假,因为每周四都有体育课,说明David恐高。
故选C。
【点评】本文涉及细节题、词义猜测题和推断题三种常考题型,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;词义猜测题需要联系上下文,理解句子大意,推测出单词的意思;推断题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息。
3.阅读理解
Forthousandsofyears,humanshaveexplored(探索)theEarth.Nowadays,weareexploringspace.Astronomers(天文学家)arethemodern﹣dayexplorers,Now,manyastronomersarelookingfornewplanetsandnewplacesforhumanstoliveinthefuture.Butwheredoastronomersstartlooking?
Firstofall,astronomerslookforastar.That'sbecauseourownEarthmovesaroundastar(theSun).Moreimportantly,itisthecorrectdistance(距离)fromtheSunforheatandlight.Sowhenastronomershavefoundthestar,theylookattheplanetsaroundit.Inrecentyears,astronomershavefoundnearly400newplanetswithstars.However,manyoftheseplanetsareeithertooneartothestarortoofaraway.
However,iftheplanetisinagoodposition,astronomerslookforthreekeythings:
water,airandrock.Waterisimportantbecausealllifeneedswater.Humanscandrinkitandtheycanalsogrowplantswithwater.Andplantsproduceairforhumanstobreatheandfoodtoeat.Rockonaplanetisalsoimportant.That'sbecausethereisoftenwaterundertherock.
Aftermanyyearsofscrutinizing,astronomershavefoundaplanetthatissimilartotheEarth.It'sGliese581gandit'snearastar.Theastronomersthinkithaswaterandrockandtheaverage(平均的)temperatureisbetween-31℃and-12℃.That'scold,butnotcolderthanAntarcticaortheArcticCircle,forexample.Gliese581gisbiggerthantheEarth.AyearonGliese581gisonly37Earthdaysinsteadof365.ButastronomersdonotthinkthesearebigdifferencesandsomeofthemthinkGliese581gwillbeanewEarth.However,Gliese58IgistwentylightyearsfromtheEarth.
(1)Whatdoastronomershavetofindfirstbeforestartingtolookforanewplaceforhumanstolive?
A. newstar.
B. Anewplanet.
C. Someheat.
D. Somelight.
(2)Whatdoestherockonaplanettellus?
A. Thestarisinarightposition.
B. Wemaydiscoverwaterunderit.
C. TheplanetistooneartotheSun.
D. Therecanbeairaroundtherock.
(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"scrutinizing"meaninthelastparagraph?
A. discussing.
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