高考英语天津专用优编增分二轮试题专题3 阅读理解 第2节 三.docx
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高考英语天津专用优编增分二轮试题专题3 阅读理解 第2节 三.docx
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高考英语天津专用优编增分二轮试题专题3阅读理解第2节三
三、细节理解——数字计算题
(2018·全国Ⅲ,A)
WelcometoHolkerHall&Gardens
VisitorInformation
HowtoGettoHolker
ByCar:
FollowbrownsignsonA590fromJ36,M6.Approximatetraveltimes:
Windermere—20minutes,Kendal—25minutes,Lancaster—45minutes,Manchester—1hour30minutes.
ByRail:
TheneareststationisCark-in-CartmelwithtrainstoCarnforth,LancasterandPrestonforconnectionstomajorcities&airports.
OpeningTimes
Sunday-Friday(closedonSaturday)11∶00am-4∶00pm,30thMarch-2ndNovember.
AdmissionCharges
Hall&Gardens Gardens
Adults:
£12.00 £8.00
Groups:
£9.00£5.50
SpecialEvents
Producers’Market 13thApril
Joinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.Meettheproducersandgetsomeexcellentrecipeideas.
HolkerGardenFestival 30thMay
Theeventcelebratesits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening,makingitoneofthemostpopulareventsingardening.
NationalGardenDay 28thAugust
Holkeronceagainopensitsgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.Forjustasmalldonationyoucantakeatourwithourgardenguide.
WinterMarket 8thNovember
Thisisaneventforallthefamily.Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggiftswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment.
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文,题材是旅游广告。
文章介绍了游览霍尔克庄园的游客须知和四项特别的活动。
21.HowlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrivetoHolkerfromManchester?
A.20minutes.B.25minutes.
C.45minutes.D.90minutes.
答案 D
解+析 细节理解题。
根据文章的HowtoGettoHolker部分中“ByCar:
...Approximatetraveltimes:
...Manchester—1hour30minutes.”可知,游客从Manchester开车到Holker大约用一个半小时,也就是90分钟。
故选D。
22.HowmuchshouldamemberofatourgrouppaytovisitHall&Gardens?
A.£12.00.B.£9.00.
C.£8.00.D.£5.50.
答案 B
解+析 细节理解题。
根据文章的AdmissionCharges部分中Hall&Gardens一列与Groups一行的交叉处可知,旅游团的一个成员游览Hall&Gardens所需要的费用为£9.00。
故选B。
23.Whicheventwillyougotoifyouwanttoseealivemusicshow?
A.Producers’Market.
B.HolkerGardenFestival.
C.NationalGardenDay.
D.WinterMarket.
答案 D
解+析 细节理解题。
根据文章的WinterMarket部分中的第二句“Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggiftswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment.(流连于形形色色的礼品商店间,同时欣赏着现场的音乐演出和好看的街头娱乐活动)”可知,如果想看现场的音乐演出,你就去WinterMarket。
故选D。
一、题型解读
1.数字计算细节理解题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。
一般来说,从数学的角度讲,计算量都比较小,计算容易。
但是英语阅读中的数字计算必须要找出计算背后所隐含的信息。
这些“暗”信息会涉及对某个难句的理解,从这个角度上讲,理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的关键。
2.数字计算细节理解题的话题有:
(1)广告类;
(2)故事类;(3)科普知识类;(4)史地自然类;(5)文化教育类。
设问方式以when,inwhichyear,howmany/much等疑问词开头引出问题。
二、解题技巧——“加减乘除”得数据
1.阅读题干,查看题干中的关键词寻读原文,同时标记数字、时间、年代等相关信息。
2.弄清题干询问数据与原文数据的逻辑关系,并进行加减乘除计算。
3.特殊信息应注意:
(1)特殊数字:
decade十年;fortnight两周;double两倍;couple两个;score二十;dozen十二。
(2)特殊词汇:
off削价,减价;discount折扣。
例如:
【真题感悟】中第21题阅读题干,根据第一段HowtoGettoHolker中Bycar里Approximatetraveltimes后面的内容可知,从Manchester到Holker要用1hour30minutes,即一个半小时,也就是90分钟,故选D。
A
Collegeisn’tforeveryone.Earningadegreewillimprovetheincomepotential,buthightuitionisadeterrentforsome.Somecan’taffordit.Otherschoosenottocontinuetheirschoolingforotherreasons.Buttheycanstillfindagoodjobwithoutacollegedegree.
ManufacturingSalesRepresentatives
Averagesalary:
52,440 Currentworkforce:
1,430,000
Projectedjobgrowth,2010-2020:
16%
Wholesaleandmanufacturingsalesrepresentativeswhospecializeinnon-technicalproductsmakemorethan27%offull-timeworkers.Unlikethosesalespeople,wholesalerepresentativesmarkettheirproductsdirectlytobusinessesandgovernmentagencies.Thepayisgood,theopportunitiesarenumerousand,formostemployees,aHighSchooldiplomaisenoughtogetajob.
DryWallWorkers
Averagesalary:
45,490 Currentworkforce:
22,900
Projectedjobgrowth,2010-2020:
27%
NoHighSchooldiploma?
Noproblem.Drywallworkersaretheonlyworkersonourlistwhocanexpectgoodmoneyandstrongjobgrowthwithoutevenfinishinghighschool.Drywallworkersworkintheconstructionindustry,preparingwallsforpaintingaftermasonsbuildthemup.Mostlearnfrommoreexperiencedworkersduringworking.
Electricians
Averagesalary:
48,250 Currentworkforce:
577,700
Projectedjobgrowth,2010-2020:
23%
Theworldismoremechanizedthaneverbefore,andmoremachinesmeanmoreworkfortheseskilledworkers,whowillseenearly134,000newjobsaddedby2020.Atypicalelectricianmakesmorethan48,000peryearwithahighschooldegree.Majorcitiespromisethemostjobs.
CommercialPilots
Averagesalary:
67,500 Currentworkforce:
32,700
Projectedjobgrowth,2010-2020:
28%
Anaveragecommercialpilotmakes26,000morethanatypicalfull-timeworkerand13,000morethananaveragecollege-educatedworker.Itrequiresonlyacommercialpilot’slicenseandtrainingatalocalflightschool.Timesarechanging—manyairlinesnowlookforpilotswithtwo-yearorfour-yeardegrees—butprospectsforsalaryandgrowthremainstrong.
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。
大学并不适合所有人。
文章介绍了四种没有大学文凭照样可以做的好工作。
1.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“deterrent”inParagraph1?
A.Prevention.B.Threat.
C.Difficulty.D.Fear.
答案 A
解+析 词义猜测题。
根据画线词所在句的后一句“Somecan’taffordit.”可以推测出,高昂的学费对于一些人来说是一个阻碍。
由此可推知,deterrent与prevention意思相近。
2.WithoutaHighSchooldiploma,youcanfindajobasa(n).
A.manufacturingsalesrepresentative
B.drywallworker
C.electrician
D.c-o/mmercialpilot
答案 B
解+析 细节理解题。
根据DryWallWorkers这一节中的“NoHighSchooldiploma?
Noproblem.Drywallworkersaretheonlyworkersonourlistwhocanexpectgoodmoneyandstrongjobgrowthwithoutevenfinishinghighschool.”可知,答案为B项。
3.Theaveragesalaryforatypicalfull-timeworkeris.
A.52,440B.45,490
C.67,500D.41,500
答案 D
解+析 数字计算题。
根据CommercialPilots这一节中的“Averagesalary:
67,500”和“Anaveragecommercialpilotmakes26,000morethanatypicalfull-timeworker”可知,一个全职工人的平均工资一般为:
67,500-26,000=41,500,故答案为D项。
4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthecommercialpilots?
A.Theaveragesalaryofcommercialpilotsisthelowestofthementionedjobs.
B.c-o/mmercialpilotsearnmorethancollege-educatedworkers.
C.Youneedtoreceivetrainingataninternationalflightschooltobeacommercialpilot.
D.Oursocietywillneedmorecommercialpilotsinthefuture.
答案 D
解+析 推理判断题。
根据文章最后一句中的“butprospectsforsalaryandgrowthremainstrong”可知,商业飞行员的就业前景很好,故答案为D项。
5.Fromthetext,wecaninferthat.
A.havingacollegedegreecanguaranteeagoodjob
B.it’snotnecessarytogetacollegedegree
C.electricianswillfindjobsinbigcitieseasily
D.manypeopledon’tcontinuetheirschoolingforonlyonereason
答案 C
解+析 推理判断题。
根据Electricians这一节中的“Majorcitiespromisethemostjobs.”可以推测出答案。
B
(2018·天津十二区县二模)
TearsofreliefandshoutsofjoyrangoutattheSanJoseMineinnorthernChilewhen33minerswereliftedtofreedom,onebyone.Themen,rangingfrom19to63yearsold,havebeenburiedalivesinceacaveinthecopperandgoldminetheywereworkingcollapsedonAugust5,2010.Itisthelongesttimeanyonehaseversurvivedbeingtrappedunderground.
Afterthecollapse,themenfoundanemergencyshelteroffoneofthemine’stunnels.Thetemperatureinthedarkshelterwasaround90degreesFahrenheit.Formorethantwoweeks,theminers’watercamefromthetanksontheirworkvehicles.Theysharedasupplyoffoodthatwasmeanttolastforonly48hours.
TheminersweretotallyisolateduntilrescueteamsmadecontactwiththemenonAugust22.Theysentanotetothesurfaceexplainingtheirsituation.Rescuersdrilledsmallholestoreachthecaveandsentdownsupplytubescontainingfood,water,clothes,medicine,freshairandothersupplies.Theyalsoreceivedlettersfromtheirfamilies,atelevisionsetandgames.
Additionalcollapsessloweddownrescueefforts.Finally,atunnelwasbuiltthatcouldfita13-footrescuecapsule(救生舱),calledthePheonix.Theescapeholemeasures28inchesacross,atightfitforthetwisting20minutes,2,041-footride.ThefirstminerreachedthesurfacejustaftermidnightonOctober,13.Therescuemissionwasfasterthanexpected,andall33menhadbeenbroughttosafetybylatethesameday.
TheminersweremetbyfamilymemberswhowerewaitingatCampHope,asettlementoftentsnearthemine.Chile’spresident,SebastianPinera,cheeredatthesceneandhuggedtheminers.“Wemadeapromisenevertogiveup,andwekeptit,”hesaid.Afteranimmediatemedicalexam,themenwereairliftedtothenearesthospitalfor48hoursofobservation.
6.Howlongweretherescuedminerstrappedinthemine?
A.About48hours.
B.Abouttwoweeks.
C.Onemonthandahalf.
D.Morethantwomonths.
答案 D
解+析 细节理解题。
根据第一段中的“acaveinthecopperandgoldminetheywereworkingcollapsed(倒塌)onAugust5,2010”和倒数第二段第四、五句“ThefirstminerreachedthesurfacejustaftermidnightonOctober,13...all33menhadbeenbroughttosafetybylatethesameday.”可知,所有被营救出来的矿工已被困了两个多月。
7.Whichofthefollowingdoesn’tbelongtotherescuework?
A.Thewaterfromthetanks.
B.Smallholesdrilledtoreachthecave.
C.Atunnelbuilttofixarescuecapsule.
D.Letters,gamesandaTVsetfromthesurface.
答案 A
解+析 细节理解题。
根据第二段第三句“Formorethantwoweeks,theminers’watercamefromthetanksontheirworkvehicles.”可知,矿工们起初两个多星期饮用的水是作业车辆水箱中原先就有的,不属于救援工作。
故选A。
8.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
A.AllminersreachedthesurfacejustaftermidnightonOctober13.
B.Thelossoftheminecollapse.
C.Thehealthconditionofthetrappedminers.
D.TheconcernofChile’spresidentabouttheminecollapse.
答案 D
解+析 推理判断题。
根据最后一段第二句“Chile’spresident,SebastianPinera,cheeredatthesceneandhuggedtheminers.‘Wemadeapromisenevertogiveup,andwekeptit,’hesaid.”可知,智利总统对矿难非常关切。
故选D。
9.Accordingtothetext,therescuedminers.
A.receivedmedicalexaminationinahospitalatfirst
B.couldgohomeimmediatelytheygotoutofthemine
C.hadtostayinahospitalfortwodaysbeforegoinghome
D.feltrelievedtoseetheirfamilymember
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