全新版大学英语第二册教案 Unit 7Learning about English电子教案.docx
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全新版大学英语第二册教案 Unit 7Learning about English电子教案.docx
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全新版大学英语第二册教案Unit7LearningaboutEnglish电子教案
Unit7LearningaboutEnglish
Ⅰ.Teachingplan
objectives
1.graspthemainidea(becauseofitstoleranceforoutsideinfluences,Englishhasbecomeagreatlanguage)andstructureofthetext;
2.understandsomeidiomaticEnglishusagesmentionedintheunit;
3.masterkeylanguagepointsandstructuresinthetext;
4.conductaseriesofreading,listening,speakingandwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.
Timeallotment
1stperiod:
pre-reading;while-reading(title)
2ndperiod:
while-reading(title,languagepoints)
3rdperiod:
while-reading(languagepoints);post-reading(drawingapicture)
4thperiod:
post-reading;checkonstudents’homereading(textB)
5thperiod:
theme-relatedlanguagelearningtasks
Pre-readingtasks
1.TasksSsthefollowingquestionsontherecordedpassage:
(23minutes)
----whatisthepassageabout?
(Englishisagreatlanguage,butitisalsoacrazylanguage.)
----CanyougiveoneortwoexamplestoillustratethemessinessoftheEnglishlanguage?
(see
transcriptoftherecordedpassageforthemanyexamplesitmentions)
----Areyousureofalltheidiomaticusagesmentionedintherecordedpassage?
[someifthemore
confusingusagesareexplainedhere:
1)shipbytruck/sendcargobyship:
shipcanbeeitheraverboranoun
Thefirst“ship”means“send”,thesecondone“alargeboat”.
2)nosesthatrun/feetthatsmells:
thisreferstowhatpeopleusuallysay“havearunning
nose”,“haveasmellyfeet”.
3)aslim/fatchance:
aremotepossibility
4)awiseguy:
apersonwhopretendstobemuchwiserthanhe/shereallyis;aderogatory
term
awiseman:
areallywiseperson;acommendatoryterm
5)overlook:
failtoseeornotice,paynoattentionto
oversee:
control(work,workmen)
6)hot/coldashell:
extremelyhot/cold
7)burnup:
catchfireandflareup
burndown:
bedestroyedbyfire
8)fillinaform/filloutaform:
synonymous
9)gooff:
startanaction,usuallyaccompaniedbyagreatnoise
goon:
continuedoingsomething
10)racecanbeanyofseveraldivisionsofmankind(种族,民族)oranyofthemaindivisions
oflivingcreatures.(任何生物的种属,e.g.humanrace)
11)whenstarsareout:
whenstarsappearinthesky
whenlightsareout:
whenlightsareturnedoff
12)windupawatch:
tighteningthespringofawatch
windupaspeech:
endaspeech
2.TmayleadintoTextAbysaying:
Aswediscoverfromthepreviousexercise,anEnglish
mayhavemultiplemeanings.Likewise,severaldifferentwordsmaybepronouncedinthesameway.Forexample;Iknewastudentwho,uponhearingthetitleofHelenKeller’sfamousessayThreeDaystoSee,translateditinto<海边三日>.Consideredinthisperspective,Englishisreallymessy.However,accordingtoTextA,thisisalsoamajormeritofEnglish.(2minutes)
While-readingtasks
1.interpretationofthetitle(10minutes)
1)Sslookatthetitle.Tintroducestheconceptofanoxymoron(矛盾修饰法,seeText
Analysis)
2)Ssscanthefirstthreeparagraphstofindoutthedefinitionfor“gloriousmessiness”(in
Para3)
2.TextOrganization(15minutes)
1)TdrawsSs’attentiontoTextOrganizationExercise1,leadsthemthroughthedirections,thendictatestothemthemainideasofeachpart.
2)SsscanthefirstsentenceofeachparagraphinTextAtofindoutwherethepresenttenseisswitchedtothepasttense(Para4)andwherethepresenttenseisresumed(Para17)
3)SscomparetheirfindingswithTextOrganizationExercise1,andtheywillseethedivisionofpartscoincideswithtensechanges.
3.TexplainslanguagepointsandgivesSspractice(seeLanguageStudy).Whengoingthrough
thetext,Tmayalsopointoutthevariousrhetoricaldevicesthatappearinit(seeTextAnalysis)
(60minutes)
Post-readingtasks
1.Drawingapicture(35minutes)
1)TdrawsSs’attentiontoaquotationfromRalphWaldoEmersoninthequotationsection---
“TheEnglishlanguageistheseawhichreceivestributariesfromeveryregionunderheaven.”
2)SstrytodrawapictureofthedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage.ThebodyofEnglishis
thesea,whilethemajorinfluencesarethetributariesthatflowintoit.Ateachpointwherearivermergesintothesea,notedownthetime.Alongeachriver,notedownthenameofthelanguagefromwhichEnglishhasborrowed.(refertoTextOrganizationExercise2)
3)SomeSsdrawtheirpicturesontheblackboard.ThenTgivessomecomments.
4)Ssre-readPartⅡtofindouthowtheauthororganizesthephasesofEnglishlanguagedevelopmentintoacoherentpiece.(bytransitionaldevicesatparagraphheads.Payspecialattentiontotheunderlinedpartsbelow:
---howdidthelanguageofasmallisland---becomethelanguageoftheplanet?
---newwordscamewiththeGermanictribes---inthe5thcentury.
---thenextbiginfluenceonEnglishwas---
---thenintothisrelativelypeacefullandcametheVikings---
---anotherfloodofnewvocabularyoccurredin1066---
---around1476WilliamCaxonsetupaprintingpressinEngland---
---assettlerslandedinNorthAmerica---
2.TguidesSsthroughsomeafter-textexercises.(30minutes)
3.TchecksonSs’homereading(TextB).(3minutes)
4.SsdopartⅣ:
Theme-relatedlanguagelearningtasks.(1period)
5.TasksSstopreparethenextunit:
(2minutes)
1)dothepre-readingtasks;
2)previewTextA.
Ⅱ.TextAnalysis
AnexpertonEnglishlanguageissupposedtoknowwellaboutrhetoricaldevicesinEnglish.RobertMacNeil,theauthorofTextA,doesnotdisappointus.
Thetitle,TheGloriousMessinessofEnglish,offersagoodexampleofoxymoron.Anoxymoronputstwocontradictorytermstogethertopuzzlethereader,luringhim/hertopauseandexplorewhy.“glorious”isacommendatoryterm,while“messiness”isderogatory.Whydotheystandnexttoeachother?
Then,asthereaderreadson,he/shewillfindoutthatthetitleisactuallyathesisstatement:
yes,Englishismessy,butthemessinessreflectssomecommendablequalitiesofEnglish,suchastolerance,theloveoffreedom,andtherespectforothers’rights.Atthispointthereadercannotbutadmiretheauthor’singunuity.
RobertMacNeilemploysmanymetaphors,suchascoreofEnglish,acommonparentlanguage,anotherfloodofnewvocabulary,thespecialpreserveofgrammarians.InPara18thereisaninstanceofsustainedmetaphor:
theculturalsoil,thefirstshootssprangup,---grewstronger,buildfencesaroundtheirlanguage.InthiscasetheEnglishlanguageiscomparedtoplants,andthevariousculturesinfluencingitarecomparedtothesoil,whileusersofEnglisharecomparedtogardeners.
WecanalsofindparallelisminthequotefromWinstonChurchill:
“Weshallfightonthebeaches,weshallfightonthelandinggrounds,weshallfightinthefieldsadinthestreets,weshallfightinthehills.Weshallneversurrender.”
Thereispersonificationinthesentence“TranslationsofGreekandRomanclassicswerepouredontotheprintedpage---”
Thereismetonymyinthesentence“Thecountrynowhadthreelanguages:
Frenchforthenobles,LatinforthechurchesandEnglishforthecommonpeople.”Heretheword“churched”standsforreligiousinstitutionsandthosewhoareinvolvedinreligiouspractices.
Ⅲ.CulturalNotes
1.HistoryofEnglish:
TherootsofEnglish:
EnglishbeganasawestGermaniclanguagewhichwasbroughttoEnglandbytheSaxonsaround400A.D.OldEnglishwasthespokenandwrittenlanguageofEnglandbetween400and1100A.D.ManywordsusedtodaycomefromOldEnglish,includingman,woman,king,mother,etc.ButOldEnglishwasverydifferentfrommodernEnglishandonlyafewwordscanbeeasilyrecognized.Inthe9thand10thcenturies,whenVikingsinvadedEngland,OldNorsewords,eg,sky,takeandgetandmanyplacenames,enteredthelanguage.
FromtheNormanConquest(1066)untilthelate12thcenturyEnglishwasreplacedastheofficiallanguagebyNormanFrench,thoughEnglishwasstillusedbythelowerclasses.Englishfromabout1300to1500isknownasMiddleEnglish.ItwasinfluencedbyFrenchandalsoLatininvocabularyandpronunciation.Frenchbroughtmanywordsconnectedwithgovernment,e.g.sovereign,royal,court,legalandgovernmentitself.LatinwasthelanguageofreligionandlearningandgavetoEnglishwordssuchasminister,angel,master,schoolandgrammar.LiteraturebeganagaintobewritteninEnglishduringthisperiod.OneofthemostfamousMiddleEnglishworksisChaucer’sTheCanterburyTales.
ThedevelopmentofModernEnglish:
ModernEnglishdevelopedfromtheMiddleEnglishdialectoftheEastMidlandsandwasinfluencedbytheEnglishusedinLondon,whereaprintingpresswassetupbyWilliamCaxonin1476.Englishchangedagreatdealfromthistimeuntiltheendof18thcentury.DuringtheRenaissance,manywordswereintroducedfromGreekandLatintoexpressnewideas,especiallyinscience,medicineandphilosophy.Theyincludedphysics,species,architecture,encyclopediaandhypothesis.Inthe16thcenturyseveralversionsoftheBiblehelpedbringwrittenEnglishtoordinarypeople.TheElizabethanperiodisalsofamousforitsdramaandShakespeare’splayswereseenbymanypeople.
Thedevelopmentofprintinghelpedestablishedstandardsofspellingandgrammar,butthereremainedalotofvariation.SamuelJohnson’sADictionaryoftheEnglishLanguages(1755)wasthefirstauthoritativeofEnglish.Itdefinedabout40,000wordsandgaveexamplesoftheiruse.
Bythe18thcenturyAmericanEnglishwasestablishedanddevelopingindependentlyfromBritishEnglish.AftercolonistsarrivedintheUSnewwordsbegantobeaddedfromNativeAmericanlanguages,andfromFrenchandSpanish.In1783,soonafterJohnson’sdictionarywaspub
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