高一英语阅读理解试题自然类.docx
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高一英语阅读理解试题自然类.docx
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高一英语阅读理解试题自然类
高一英语阅读理解试题(自然类)
(1)
Putanicecubefromyourfridgeintoaglassofwater.Youhaveapieceofstring(线)10centimeterslong.Theproblemistotakeoutthatpieceoficewiththehelpofthestring.Butyoumustnottouchtheicewithyourfingers.
Youmayaskyourfriendstotrytodothatwhenyouarehavingdinnertogether.Thereisasaltcellaronthetable.Youmustusesaltwhenyoucarryoutthisexperiment.
Firstyouputthestringacrossthepieceofice.Thenputsomesaltontheice.Saltmakesicemelt(融化).Theiceroundthestringwillbegintomelt.Butwhenitmelts,itwillloseheat.Thecoldicecubewillmakethesaltwaterfreezeagain.
Afteraminuteortwoyoumayraisethepieceofstringandwithityouwillraiseyourpieceofice!
Thisexperimentcanbeveryusefultoyou.If,forexample,thereisicenearthedoorofyourhouse,youmustuseverymuchsalttomeltalltheice.Ifyoudon’tputenoughsalt,thewaterwillfreezeagain.
1.Wemustuse_______whenwecarryoutthisexperiment.
A.fridgeB.somefoodC.atableD.somesalt
2.Howlongwillittaketocarryoutthisexperiment?
A.Morethanthreeminutes.B.Fiveminutesorso.
C.Onlyoneminuteortwo.D.Abouttenminutes.
3.Whatisthetaskofthisexperiment?
A.Puttheicecubeintotheglassofwaterwiththehelpofthestring.
B.Takeouttheicecubeintheglassofwaterwiththehelpofthestring.
C.Takeouttheicecubeintheglassofwaterwithyourfingers.
D.Putsomesaltontheicecubeandthenputthestringacrossit.
4.Howmanythingsatleastareusedinthisexperiment?
A.Three.B.Four.C.Six.D.Seven.
5.Wecanlearnsomethingabout_______fromthepassage.
A.PhysicsB.biologyC.chemistryD.maths
【答案与解析】本文讲述了把立方形的冰块放入水杯中,如何用细绳取出冰块的实验。
1.D。
我们进行实验时必须用什么?
文章第2段最后一句说当进行实验时你必须用salt(盐)。
由此可知答案是D。
2.C。
文章第4段的Afteraminuteortwo...(一两分钟后你可以提起细绳…),由此可知进行这个实验仅需一两分钟时间。
3.B。
这个实验的任务是什么呢?
由文章第1段第3句Theproblemistotakeoutthatpieceoficewiththehelpofthestring(问题是如何用细绳将冰块拿出),由此可知答案为B。
4.B。
实验中至少用了几样东西?
从全文可知道至少用了string,salt,aglassofwater,icecube这4种东西。
5.C。
通过这段文字我们了解了一些什么知识?
实验用salt把ice融化,这应属于化学变化。
(2)
Bambooisoneofthenature’smostsurprisingplants.Manypeoplecallthisplantatree,butitisakindofgrass.
Likeotherkindsofgrass,abambooplantmaybecutverylowtotheground,butitwillgrowbackveryquickly.AJapanesescientistrecordedonebambooplantthatgrewalmost1.5metersin24hours!
BamboogrowsalmosteverywhereintheworldexceptEurope.Therearemorethan1,000kindsofbamboothatgrowaroundtheworldonbothmountainsandplains(平原).
Notallbamboolooksthesame.Somebambooplantsareverythin.Theymayonlygrowtobeafewcentimeterswidewhileothersmaygrowtomorethan30centimetersacross.Thisplantalsocomesindifferentcolors,fromyellowtoblacktogreen.
ManyAsiancountrieshavebeenusingbambooforhundredsofyears.Theyoftenusebambooforbuildingnewbuildings.Asamatteroffact,thecables(绳索)thatholdupthehangingbridgeacrosstheMinRiverinSichuanaremadeofbamboo.Thebridgehasbeeninuseformorethan1,000years,andisstillholdingstrong.
InAfrica,engineersareteachingpoorfarmershowtofindwaterusingbamboo.TheseAfricancountriesneedcheapwaystofindwaterbecausetheyhavenomoney,andtheirfieldsoftendiefromnorainandnowater.Itseemsthatbambooisoneofthebestthingstheycanuse.Bamboopipesanddrills(钻)canhelptomakethepoorthirstyfieldstobewatered.
1.Howisbamboolikegrass?
A.Itisthinandeasytocut.B.Itgrowseverywhere.
C.Itgrowsquicklyafteritscutshort.D.Itisshortandgreen.
2.Thesentence“whileothersmaygrowtomorethan30centimetersacross.”means“Someotherbambooplantsmaygrowtobevery_______.”
A.shortB.strongC.thickD.tall
3.Fromthetextweknow______.
A.mostpeoplecallbambooplanttrees
B.abambooplantmaygrow4.5metersinthreedays
C.thebambooplantchangesitscolorswhenitgrows
D.abridgeheldbybamboocablewasbuiltthousandsofyearsago
4.WhydidtheengineersteachthepoorfarmersinAfricatomakeuseofbamboo?
A.Becauseitischeap.B.Becauseitiscolorful.
C.Becauseitdrillsfast.D.BecauseitisusedbyAsians.
5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.Therearemanydifferentkindsofbamboowithdifferentcolors.
B.Cablesmadeofbamboocanlastforoverathousandyears.
C.Bamboocanbeusedforbuildings,bridgesandwateringprojects(工程).
D.Bambooplantsareabletogrowwellinanypartoftheworld.
【答案与解析】这是一篇关于竹子的说明文。
讲述了竹子的生长处、种类、颜色、用途等。
1.C。
由第2段的第1句我们可以推测出竹子与其他草类相似的地方是growbackveryquickly。
2.C。
阅读第3段的第2句Theymayonlygrowtobeafewcentimeterswidewhileothersmaygrowtomorethan30centimetersacross可推知:
while(表对比,意为“而”)前面讲有些竹子(bamboo)很细,只有(only)几厘米粗,而与相比,while后面则讲有些竹子长得很壮,可以有30厘米粗。
因此答案选C。
3.B。
由第2个题目我们可知竹子一天能长1.5米,那么三天就能长4.5米。
4.A。
根据第5段第2句Because they have no money可知要选用bamboo。
5.D。
第2段的倒数第2句中说except Europe,由此可知答案为D。
(3)
Cantreestalk?
Yes—butnotinwords.Scientistshavereasonstobelievethattreesdocommunicatewitheachother.Notlongago,researcherslearnedsomesurprisingthings.Firstawillowtree(柳树)attackedinthewoodsbycaterpillars(毛毛虫)changedthechemistryofitsleavesandmadethemtastesoterriblethatthecaterpillarsgottiredoftheleavesandstoppedeatingthem.Theevenmoreastonishing,thetreesentoutaspecialvapour—asignalcausingitsneighbourstochangethechemistryoftheirownleavesandmakethemlesstasty.
Communication,ofcourse,doesn’tneedtobealwaysinwords.Wecantalktoeachotherbysmiling,raisingourshouldersandmovingourhands.Weknowthatbirdsandanimalsuseawholevocabularyofsongs,sounds,andmovements.Beesdancetheirsignals,flyingincertainpatternsthattellotherbeeswheretofindnectar(花蜜)forhoney.Sowhyshouldn’ttreeshavewaysofsendingmessages?
1.Fromthepassageweknowthatcaterpillars_______.
A.likewillowtreesB.enjoyeatingfallenleaves
C.cantalktoothercaterpillarsD.cansendoutaspecialvapour
2.Caterpillarswillstopeatingwillowtreeleaveswhich_______.
A.haveachemicalchangeandbecometastelessB.haveapleasanttaste
C.arebeingattackedD.arecommunicating
3.Accordingtothepassage,beescommunicatewitheachotherby_______.
A.talkingB.makingunusualsounds
C.singingsongsD.flyingcertainpatterns
【答案与解析】树同动物们一样也可以用自己的方式交流。
1.A。
判断题。
正因为毛毛虫觉得柳树叶可口,它们才吃柳树叶的。
2.A。
语义理解题。
从第1段第4句话Firstawillowtree(柳树)attackedinthewoodsbycaterpillars(毛毛虫)changedthechemistryofitsleavesandmadethemtastesoterriblethatthecaterpillarsgottiredoftheleavesandstoppedeatingthem可以做出正确选择。
3.D。
语义理解题。
从第2段倒数第2句话…flyingincertainpatternsthattellotherbeeswheretofindnectar(花蜜)forhoney可以知道bees交流的方式。
(4)
DoyouknowAustralia?
Australiaisthelargestislandintheworld.ItisalittlesmallerthanChina.Itisinthesouthoftheearth.Australiaisbig,butitspopulationisnotlarge.ThepopulationofAustraliaisnearlyaslargeasthatofShanghai.
Thegovernmenthasmadeenoughlawstofightpollution.ThecitiesinAustraliahavegotlittleairorwaterpollution.Theskyisblueandthewaterisclean.Youcanclearlyseefishswimmingintherivers.Plantsgrowverywell.
LastmonthwevisitedPerth,thebiggestcityinWesternAustralia,andwenttoawildflowers’exhibition.Therewesawalargenumberofwildflowerswehadneverseenbefore.Wehadawonderfultime.Perthisfamousforitsbeautifulwildflowers.InspringeveryyearPerthhasthewildflowers’exhibition.AftervisitingPerth,wespentthedayinthecountryside.Wesatdownandhadarestnearapathatthefootofahill.Itwasquietandweenjoyedourselves.Suddenlyweheardbellsringingatthetopofthehill.Whatwesawmadeuspickupallourthingsandrunbacktothecarasquicklyaswecould.Therewereaboutthreehundredsheepcomingtowardsusdownthepath.
Australiaisfamousforitssheepandkangaroos(袋鼠).Afterashortdrivefromanytown,youwillfindyourselfinthemiddleofwhitesheep.Sheep,sheep,everywherearesheep.
1.Australiais_______.
A.thelargestcountryintheworld
B.aslargeasShanghai
C.notaslargeasChina
D.thelargestislandinthenorthoftheearth
2.Thegovernmenthadmade_______.
A.tooenoughlawstofightpollution
B.somanylawsthatitcanfightpollution
C.enoughlawsthatitcanhardlyfightpollution
D.enoughlawsbecausethepollutionisveryserious
3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.Perthisfamousforitsbeautifulwildflowers.
B.PerthisbiggerthananyothercityinWesternAustralia.
C.PerthliesinthewestofAustralia.
D.NoothercityislargerthanPerthinAustralia.
4.InPerthyoumayvisitawildflowers’showin_______.
A.OctoberB.JanuaryC.MayD.July
5.Whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.Australiaisfamousforitssheep,kangaroosandwildflowers.
B.Weranbacktothecarbecausewewereinthemiddleofwhitesheep.
C.Threehundredsheepcametowardsusbecausetheysawus.
D.IfyougotothecountrysideinAustralia,youwillseealargenumberofwhitesheep.
【答案与解析】本文主要介绍了澳大利亚的一些大概情况。
1.C。
细节题。
根据第1段的第2句Australiaisthelargestislandintheworld.ItisalittlesmallerthanChina可知答案为C。
2.B。
细节题。
根据第2段的Thegovernmenthasmadeenoughlawstofightpollution可知答案为B。
3.D。
由第3段的第1句“thebiggestcityin…”我们可以推测出是澳大利亚西部最大的城市,而选项D则说它是澳大利亚最大的城市,所以D错误。
4.D。
根据第3段中的LastmonthwevisitedPerth,thebiggestcityinWesternAustralia…答案为D。
5.D。
从最后一段的Afterashortdrivefromanytown,youwillfindyourselfinthe
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