山东省济南市学年高一下学期期末英语试题与答案解析.docx
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山东省济南市学年高一下学期期末英语试题与答案解析.docx
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山东省济南市学年高一下学期期末英语试题与答案解析
山东省济南市2018-2019学年高一下学期期末考试
英语试题
题号
一
二
三
四
五
六
总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷(选择题)
评卷人
得分
一、阅读理解
MysistersandIhaveasecretbeachofourown.It'sourmagicbeach.Wegotheremostdays.Notfarfromourhouse,it'sjustattheendofthepaththatrunsbyourhouse.Thesandissmoothandwhite,andthewaterisclearandwarm.Thedaysaresunny.
Mysistersandiaretheonlyoneswhoplaythere.Atourmagicbeach,weplayinthesandforhours,diggingandbuildingwithbucketsandspades,unbeatablecastlesandtowers.Wesearchintheclear,warmpools,staringatstarfish,crabsandtinyfish.Sometimes,wearefearsomepirates(海盗)comingashoretoburytreasure.Sometimes,wepretendthatwearelostona“lonelyisland”.Wedon'twaittoberescued.No!
Werescueourselves.Girlsaretough!
Girlsareclever!
Thebestthingaboutourbeachisthatit'smagical.Reallymagical.Onenight,whenbothmysistersandIwereonthebeach,somethingreallyspecialhappened.Sparks(火花)flewoutfromourfeeteverytimewemoved.Ifwestampedhard,thenbigsparksflew.Bluesparks!
Yellowsparks!
Thiswasmagic.Weknewit!
Themagicwaseverywhere.Myfathersaidthatitwasjustlittle,tinycreaturesthathadbeenwashedashore.“It’sjustnature,Jane,”hesaid.ForjustamomentIfeltdisappointed.ThenIwonderedhowsuchsmallcreaturescouldgivesomuchbeautifullight.“Iguessthat’sthebestkindofmagic,”Ireplied.
1.Whereisthemagicbeach?
A.Onasandyisland.B.Notfarfromariver.
C.NearJane’shouse.D.Alongthepath.
2.Howdogirlsendtheirgameonthe“lonelyisland”?
A.Theyhideintheircastles.
B.Thefindtheirownwayout.
C.Theyasktheirparentsforhelp.
D.Theywaitforsomeonetocome.
3.WhatwasthemagicaccordingtoJane’sfather?
A.Seasand.B.Theirimagination.
C.Thestars.D.Smallanimals.
MarianWrightEdelman,anAmericanlawyer,educatorandchildren’srightsactivist,wasbornonJune6,1939inSouthCarolina,oneoffivechildren.HerfatherArthurWrightwasapreacher(牧师)whodiedwhenshewasonly14yearsold.Inhislastwordstoher,headvisedhernotto“letanythinggetinthewayofyoureducation.”
Afterhighschool,EdelmanwentontostudyatSpelmanCollegeandlatertraveledtotheSovietUnion.WhenshereturnedtoSpelmanin1959,Edelmanbecameinvolvedinthecivilrightsmovement.ThisworkinspiredhertodropherplanstoentertheForeignServiceandstudylawinstead.In1973,EdelmansetuptheChildren’sDefenseFundasavoiceforpooranddisabledchildren.Sheservedasapublicspeakeronbehalfofthesechildren.
Duringatour,MarianmetPeterEdelman,anassistanttoKennedy,andthenextyearshemovedtoWashington,D.C.tomarryhimandtoworkforsocialjusticeinthecenterofAmerica’spoliticalscene.Thecouplehadthreesons:
Joshua,JonahandEzra.JonahisthefounderofStandforChildren,agroupthatpromoteschildren’seducation,andEzraisadocumentary(记录片)filmmakerwhowonanEmmyforhisfilm“O.J.:
MadeinAmerica.”
Edelmanistheauthorofmanybooksforchildrenandadults.HertitlesforreadersincludeI’mYourchild,God:
PrayersforOurChildren,GuideMyFeet:
PrayersandMeditationsforOurChildren,Lanterns:
AMemoirofMentors,andTheMeasureofOurSuccess:
ALettertoMyChildrenandYours,whichwasasurprisingsuccess.
4.WhatdoweknowaboutEdelman’sfamily?
A.Shewasthesinglechild.
B.Hermotherwasapreacher.
C.Theytookeducationseriously.
D.Thefamilyhadapoorlife.
5.WhydidEdelmandropherplantoentertheForeignService?
A.Shewantedtostudyabroad.
B.Sheintendedtobealawyer.
C.Shehadlittletimeforherwork.
D.Shewasinterestedincivilrights.
6.WheredidEdelmangetmarried?
A.InWashingtonD.C.B.IntheSovietUnion.
C.InSouthCarolina.D.InSpelman.
7.WhatcanbelearnedaboutEdelman’schildren?
A.Theyallworkedforsocialjustice.
B.Theyachievedsomethingincareer.
C.Theywonmanyawardsintheirlives.
D.Theycontributedtotheirmother’sbooks.
Youarewalkingalonedownthestreet.Suddenly,youhearfootsteps.Issomeonefollowingyou?
Howdoyouknowthefootstepsaresomeoneelse’sandnotyourown?
Youcantellbecauseyourbrainhastheabilitytoignorecertainsounds,accordingtoastudyfromNewYorkUniversity.Becauseofthis,weoftenignoreourownfootsteps.Butwemayeasilyhearothers’footsteps.
Scientiststestedthisonmice.Theyfoundthatwhenmicebecamefamiliarwiththesoundoftheirownfootsteps,theydevelopeda“sensoryfilter(感觉过滤器)”,accordingtoDavidSchneider,oneoftheleadauthorsofthestudy.Thisallowedthemicetoignorethesoundsoftheirownfootsteps.Theycouldmoreeasilynoticethesoundsoftheirenvironment.
“Formice,thisisreallyimportant,”SchneidertoldScienceDaily.“Theyneedtolistenforacatgettingclosetothem,evenwhenthey’rewalkingandmakingnoise.”
Ourbrainsdon’tjustignoreourfootsteps.Wealsoignoresomeothersoundsthatwemakeourselves,includingthesoundofeating,breathingheavilyandtypingonakeyboard.Beingabletoignoretheseunimportantnoisesletsusfocusonmoreimportantanddangerousones.Forexample,wearequicktonoticethesoundofababycrying.Sowecanrushtomakesuretheyareokayandkeepthemalive.Thesameideaappliestohumansscreaming.Whenwehearthissound,wecanquicklygotohelpthescreamingperson.
8.Whathelp(s)miceignorethesoundsoftheirownfootsteps?
A.Theenvironment.B.Theirsensoryfilters.
C.Cats’footsteps.D.AstudyfromNewYork.
9.Whatdohumanbrainsnormallyfailtonotice?
A.Others’footsteps.B.Human’sscreaming.
C.ababycrying.D.Self-madesounds.
10.Howdoesignoringsomesoundsbenefithumans?
A.Moreimportantthingscanbefocusedon.
B.Peoplecanstaycalminfaceofdanger.
C.It’seasytostayhealthyandstrong.
D.Peopletendtododangerousthings.
11.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
A.Morestudiesonhumanbrainsareneeded.
B.Miceareveryhelpfulinhumanbrainstudies.
C.Ignoringcertainsoundshelpsmicesurvive.
D.Screamingandcryingareunimportantnoises.
TheFDAhasbeguntestingfrozenberriesforhepatitisA(甲肝)andnorovirus(诺如病毒).Theresearch,whichstartedinNovemberandisexpectedtolastfor18months,waspromptedbyfourfrozen-berry-relatedoutbreaksintheU.S.between1997and2018.ThethreehepatitisAoutbreaksintheU.S.caused405peopletogetsickand53wereinhospital,whiletheonenorovirusoutbreakmade136peopleill,accordingtotheFDA.
Theconcernisthatpeopledon’talwayscookthefrozenberriesbeforeusingthem.Cookingwouldreduceorremovethepollution.ExpertssaythehepatitisAandnoroviruscouldcomefromillfarmworkersorpollutedwaterorsurfaces,likeaharvestingbasket.However,theFDAhasgivennospecificguidanceabouthowtopreparefrozenberriesmeanwhile.
Frozen-berryvirusoutbreakshavebeenabiggerprobleminEuropethanintheU.S.,butthiscountryneedstotakeaction,too,accordingtoDonSchaffner,aprofessoroffoodscienceatRutgersUniversity.Hislab'srecentresearchfoundthatvirusescansurvivefortwoyearsfrozen.
“Justbecausetherehavenotbeenoutbreaks,youshouldstillkeepacloseeyeonit,”hesaid,“Washingisnotgoingtobe100%effective.Whatyoureallyneedisgoodagriculturalpracticesonfarmstomakesuresickworkersarenotworkingonfarmsandhighqualitywaterisused.”
12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prompted”meaninParagraph1?
A.Influenced.B.Attracted.
C.Caused.D.Produced
13.WhatcanbethereasonsforthehepatitisAandnorovirus?
①sickworkersinthefarm②poor-qualitywater
③pollutedharvestingtools④cookedfrozenberries
A.①②③B.②③④
C.①②④D.①③④
14.WhatwillSchaffnerprobablyagreewith?
A.Americansdon’tneedtoworryaboutthesituation.
B.Washingtheproducecarefullyiscompletelyeffective.
C.Virusescansurviveinberriesforatleasttwoyears.
D.High-qualitywaterisimportantinpreventingviruses.
15.What’sthemainideaofthetext?
A.TheFDAisconductingasurveyonfrozenfruits.
B.Frozenberriesmayleadtothediseaseoutbreaks.
C.HepatitisaoutbreakintheUSAcausedagreatloss.
D.Frozen-berryvirusoutbreakshavebeenabigproblem.
评卷人
得分
二、完形填空
IwasonatraintovisitmyparentsinthecountrysideandspendChristmastogether.Asthetrainpickedupitsspeedthepassengersslowly16downontheirseats.Ialwayspreferredtogetthe17seatsothatIcouldenjoythebeautyofoutsidefromthemovingtrain.Anelderlyladyoccupiedthefrontseatofmine.Ilookedather18thatshemustbeinhereighties.Atonepoint,asour19met,shesmiledatmeandIgaveherresponsewithpoliteness.Butbothofussaid20.
Itwas4:
50pm.Eveningtimeandbedtimewas21inalongway.Icouldn’t22thesilentatmosphereanylongerandasked,“Madam!
Whereareyougoing?
”Shelookedatme23andanswered,“Armycamp,dear.”Iwasrathercuriousaboutthe24.“Areyouvisitingsomeone?
”Shesmiledproudlyandsaid,“Yes!
”Justto25theconversation,Italkedtoherinavery26mood,“Youmustbefeelingso27toseeyourchildoryourgrandchild.”
Itseemedthatthisquestionhurtheralittle28sheansweredbravely,“Oh,dear!
Youaresosweet!
29,Ihadonlyonesonwhojoinedthe30andwaskilledbytheterrorist(恐怖主义)attackjustfewdaysago.Ihad31somanynewwinterclothesforhimlastmonth.YesterdayIthoughtwhyIcouldn’tgivethemtosomeother32,helpingthemliveawarmChristmas.InthiswayIwould33mysadnessandwouldbehappythinkingthatmyownsonhas
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