听力简化笔记符号.docx
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听力简化笔记符号.docx
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听力简化笔记符号
一、缩略词
英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP:
important,ASAP:
assoonaspossible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:
F拿掉所有元音
MKT:
market
MGR:
manager
MSG:
message
STD:
standard
RCV:
receive
F保留前几个字母
INFO:
information
INS:
insurance
EXCHexchange
IoweyouIOU
InsteadofI/O
F保留开头和结尾个发音字母
WK:
week
RM:
room
PL:
people
F根据发音
R:
are
THO:
though
THRU:
through
缩略词原词
APT:
Apartment
ACC:
Accountant
ACDG:
According
ACPT:
Accept
AD:
Advertisement
ADS:
Address
ADV:
Advice
AMAP:
Asmuch/manyaspossible
AMT:
Amount
APV:
Approve
ASAP:
Assoonaspossible
BAL:
Balance
BLDG:
Building
CERTCertificate
CFM:
Conform
CNCL:
Cancel
CNF:
Conference
CMI:
Commission
CMP:
Complete
CMPE:
Compete/competitive
CMU:
Communication
CONC:
Concern/concerning/concerned
COND:
Condition
CO.:
Company
DEPT:
Department
DISC:
Departure
EXCH:
Exchange
EXPLN:
Explain
EXT:
Extent
FLT:
Final
FRT:
Freight
FYR:
Foryourreference
GD:
Good
GUAR:
Guarantee
H.O.Homeoffice
INFO:
Information
IMPS:
Impossible
IMP(T):
Important
INCD:
Include
INDIV:
Individual
INS:
Insurance
INTST:
Interested
I/O:
Insteadof
IOU:
Ioweyou
IVO:
Inviewof
MANUF:
Manufacture
MDL:
Model
MEMO:
Memorandum
MGR:
Manger
MIN:
Minimum
MKT:
Market
MSG:
Message
NCRY:
Necessary
NLT:
Nolaterthan
OBS:
Observe
OBT:
Obtain
ORD:
Ordinary
PAT:
Patent
PC:
Piece
PKG:
Packing
PL:
People
PLS:
Please
POSN:
Position
POSS(BL):
Possible
PROD:
Product
QLTY:
Quality
QUTY:
Quantity
RCV:
Receive
REF:
Reference
REGL:
Regular
REP:
Representative
RESN:
Reservation
RPT:
Repeat
RESPON:
Responsible
SEC:
Section
SITN:
Situation
STD:
Standard
TEL:
Telephone
TEMP:
Temporary
TGM:
Telegraph
THO:
Though
TKS:
Thanks
TRD:
Trade
TRF:
Traffic
TTL:
Total
U:
You
UR:
Your
WK:
Week
WL:
Will
WT:
Weight
XL:
Extralarge
二、字母、图像
Z表示"人"people/person,因为"Z"看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
例如:
日本人:
JZ。
C表示政府,统治:
government,govern希腊字母C读/ga:
ma/,近似government,所以就用C来表示govern,government。
governmentalofficial可以表示为CZ
P表示政治:
politics,political希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics,political。
那么politician就可以表示为PZ
E表示总数:
total,totally,entire,entirely,onthewhole,allinall,tosumup,ect.E数学符号表示总值。
G表示效率:
efficient,effective。
G为效率符号。
Q表示"通货膨胀":
inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。
A表示农业:
agriculture.agriculture经常用到,所以用首字母代替。
B表示商业:
business。
C×表示冲突,矛盾:
conflict,confrontation"C×"中的"×"表示反对,字母"C"将反对的概念缩小为conflict和confrontation。
W表示工作,职业:
work,employ等。
它是work的第一个字母。
所以WZ就可以用来表示worker,而W(Z在字母上方表示employer,在字母下方表示employee)。
i表示工业:
industry,industrial字母i像只烟囱,所以用来可以用来表示工业。
UU看酷似一个酒杯,在笔记中表示合同、协议(treaty,agreement)一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示"举杯祝贺"。
如果在U内填入2××××,就可以表示为bilateral(双边的),填入3表示为trilateral(三边的)。
填入在U中填入1表示:
Unilateralism(单边主义),填入m(multiple)表示多边主义。
如果在U上加一个"/"××××表示谈判破裂。
O表示"国家"、"民族"、"领土"等:
country,state,nation,etc.gO表示进口,Og表示出口
这个符号酷似一把椅子,可以表示主持、主办:
chair,host,presideover。
那么在此符号上加Z表示主席,主持人:
chairman,host,etc.
T表示"领导人":
leader,head那么headofgovernment,headofcompany便可以表示为CT
⊙圆圈表示一个圆桌,中间一点表示一盆花,这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等:
meeting,conference,negotiation,seminar,discussion,symposium
k这个符号看上像条鱼,所以表示"捕鱼业"等合fishery有关的词汇。
O圆圈代表地球,横线表示赤道,所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等:
international,worldwide,global,universal,etc.
J表示开心:
pleasant,joyful,happy,excited,etc.
L表示不满、生气unsatisfied,discomfort,angry,sad,etc.
EO表示听到、总所周之:
asweallknow,asisknowntoall,asyouhavealreadyheardof,etc.
O表示漠不关心、无动于衷:
indifferent,apathetic,unconcern,don'tcaremuch,etc
三、数学符号
+表示"多":
many,lotsof,agreatdealof,agoodmanyof,etc.
++(+2)表示"多"的比较级:
more
+3表示"多"的最高级:
most
-表示"少":
little,few,lack,inshortof/beinshortageofetc.
×表示"错误"、"失误"和"坏"的概念:
wrong/incorrect,somethingbad,notorious,negative,etc.
>表示"多于"概念:
bigger/larger/greater/morethan/betterthan,etc.
表示"高"概念:
superiorto,surpass,etc.
<表示"少于"概念:
less/smaller,etc.
表示"低"概念:
inferiorto,etc.
=表示"同等"概念:
means,thatistosay,inotherwords,thesameas,beequalto,etc.
表示"对手"概念:
amatch,rival,competitor,counterpart,etc.
()表示"在......之间":
among,within,etc.
≠表示"不同"概念:
bedifferentfrom,etc.
表示"无敌"概念:
matchless,peerless,etc.
~表示"大约"概念:
about/around,orso,approximately,etc.
/表示"否定","消除"等概念:
crossout,eliminate,etc.
四、标点等
:
表示各种各样"说"的动词:
say,speak,talk,marks,announce,declare,etc.
?
表示"问题":
question,issue,例如:
台湾问题:
tw?
.(dot)这个"."点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样".d"表示yesterday,".y"表示lastyear,".2m"表示twomonthago。
"y"表示thisyear,"y2."twoyearlater"nextweek",可以表示为"wk."
∧表示转折
√表示"好的"状态,right/good,famous/well-known,etc.
表示"同意"状态,standupfor,support,agreewithsb,certain/affirmative,etc.
☆表示"重要的"状态:
important,exemplary(模范的)best,outstanding,brilliant,etc.
n表示"交流"状态:
exchange,mutual,etc.
&表示"和","与":
and,togetherwith,alongwith,accompany,alongwith,furthermore,etc.
∥表示"结束":
end,stop,halt,bringsthtoastandstill/stop,etc.
五、较长单词的处理办法
-ism简写为m例如:
socialismSm
-tion简简写为n例如:
standardization(标准化)stdn
-cian简简写为o例如:
techniciantecho
-ing简写为g例如:
marketing(市场营销)MKTg
1ce once
2 to
26y4u toosexyforyou
2day today
2mor tomorrow
2moro tomorrow
2morrow tomorrow
2nite tonight
3sum threesome
4 for
911 emergency-callme
add address
afaik asfarasiknow
agreemt agreement
aka alsoknownas
asap assoonaspossible
atb allthebest
ayor atyourownrisk
b be
b/c because
b4 before
b4n orbfnbyefornow
bbl bebacklate(r)
bcnu beseeingyou
b''day birthday
bhl8 behomelate
bil bossislistening
brb berightback
btdt beentheredonethat
btw bytheway
buzz offbuzzoff
c see
cid consideritdone
cmi callme
coz because
ctr center
cu seeyou
cu @seeyouaround
cub l8rcallyoubacklater
cul seeyoulater
cul8tr seeyoulater
cuz because
cyrbos callyourboss
cyrbro callyourbrother
cyrh callyourhusband
cyrma callyourmother
cyrofis callyouroffice
cyrpa callyourfather
cyrsis callyoursister
cyrwf callyourwife
da the
don doing
dylm doyoulikeme
ez easy
f2f facetoface
f2t freetotalk
fotflol fallingonthefloor,laughingoutloud
fyi foryourinformation
gal getalife
gr8 great
grt great
gtg gottogo
gudluk goodluck
h8 hate
hak hugsandkisses
hand haveaniceday
hot4u hotforyou
howru howareyou
hp handphone
ic isee
iluvu iloveyou
im2gud4u i''mtoogoodforyou
imho inmyhumbleopinion
imnsho inmynotsohumbleopinion
imtng inmeeting
iyq ilikeyou
j/k justkidding
jhb johannesburg
jic justincase
jk justkdding
k okay
kit keepintouch
kwim knowwhatimean
l8 late
l8er later
l8r later
l&nlanding
ldn london
lol laughingoutloudorloadsoflove
luv love
lv love
lyn lying
m8 mate
mgmt management
mmfu mymatefanciesyou
mob mobile
msg message
msia malaysia
mtfbwu maytheforcebewithyou
mtg meeting
mth month
myob mindyourownbusiness
n and
n caseincase
n/a notapplicable
ne any
ne1 anyone
nethng anything
niting anything
no1 noone
nufn nothing
np noproblem
nvm nevermind
oic oh,isee
omg oh,mygod
paw parentsarewatching
pcm pleasecallme
pcme pleasecallme
pl& planned
pls please
plz please
plz4gvme pleaseforgiveme
po$bl possible
ppl people
prl parentsarelistening
puks pickupkids
r are
rgds regards
ringl8 runninglate
rtfm readtheflippin''manual
ru areyou
rucmng areyoucoming
ruok areyouok?
shopn shopping
sit stayintouch
soz sorry
spk speak
stfu shuttheflipup
sum1 someone
tel telephone
thanq thankyou
thkq thankyou
thx thanks
tmb textmeback
tq thankyou
ttyl talktoyou
tx thanks
txt bactextback
tyvm thankyouverymuch
u you
ur your
ura* youareastar
uraqt youareacutie
w/ with
w/o without
w8 wait
w84m waitforme
waiting w8n
wan2 wantto
wan2tlk wanttotalk?
wbs with
wearing awalkman
wel well
wiv writebacksoon
wknd weekend
wot what
wru whereareyou?
wu what''sup?
wud?
whatyoudoing
wygowm willyougooutwithme
x kiss
xlnt excellent
xoxox hugsandkisses
y why
yr your
yyssw yeahyeahsuresurewhatever
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