英语高中英语阅读理解技巧很有用及练习题及解析.docx
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英语高中英语阅读理解技巧很有用及练习题及解析.docx
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英语高中英语阅读理解技巧很有用及练习题及解析
【英语】高中英语阅读理解技巧(很有用)及练习题及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
WhatdoLeonardodaVincii,MarieCurie,andAlbertEinsteinhaveincommon?
Theywereallleft-handed,alongwithotherfamouspeopleincludingBradPittPrinceWilliam,andBarackObama.Infact,anestimated13percentoftheworld'spopulationmaybeleft-handedandstillmostpeoplearoundtheworldareright-handed.
Whatmakesapersonbecomeright-handedratherthanleft-handed?
Asyetnoonereallyknowsforsure.Onesimpleideasuggeststhatpeoplenormallygetright-handednessfromtheirparents.Studieshavefoundthattworight-handedparentshaveonlya9.5percentchanceofhavingaleft-handedchild,whereastwoleft-handedparentshavea26percentchanceofhavingaleft-handedchild.Anothercommontheoryisthatleft-handedpeoplesuffermildbraindamageduringbirth,whichmakesthemleft-handed.However,ifthistheoryweretrue,itwouldnotexplainwhythepercentageofleft-bandedpeopleissosimilarineverysociety,whenbirthconditionsvarysomuchfromsocietytosociety.
Whateverthereasonsbehindit,people'sattitudestowardleft-handednesshavechangedalotovertheyears.Statisticsshowthatalthough13percentofyoungpeople(10-20yearsold)areleft-handed,only6percentoftheelderlyareleft-handed.Left-handedchildrenusedtobepunisheduntiltheybeganusingtheirrighthandlikeotherchildren,buttodaypeoplewhoareleft-handedarenolongerlookeddownonnoraretheyconsideredabnormal.Formostpeopletoday,eithercaseisperfectlyacceptable.
(1)Whatmakesoneright-handed?
A. Theenvironment.
B. Mildbraindamageduringbirth.
C. Thereasonisuncertain. D. Otherpeople.
(2)Whyisthenumberofyoungpeoplewhoareleft-handedbiggerthanthatoftheelderly?
A. Becausetheelderlyareforcedtobecomeright-handed.
B. Becauseleft-handedpeopleareconsideredabnormal.
C. Becauseleft-handednesscanbecured.
D. Becausetheyoungareeasilydamaged.
(3)Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?
A. Left-handedpeoplearelookeddownupon.
B. Generalfactsaboutleft-handedpeople.
C. Somefamousleft-handedpeople.
D. Thereasonswhypeopleareleft-handed.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,关于左撇子现象作者进行了介绍和说明。
(1)考查细节理解。
第二段中讲了很多右手的使用比左手平常的可能性原因,根据”Asyetnoonereallyknowsforsure.”可知,虽然对于右手的使用比左手更为普遍这一现象有不同猜测,但是原因不明。
故选C。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段“Statisticsshowthatalthough13percentofyoungpeople(10-20yearsold)areleft-handed,only6percentoftheelderlyareleft-handed.Left-handedchildrenusedtobepunisheduntiltheybeganusingtheirrighthandlikeotherchildren,buttodaypeoplewhoareleft-handedarenolongerlookeddownonnoraretheyconsideredabnormal.”可知,以前的左撇子孩子都会受到鄙视或者被认为是不正常的,所以,那一代的孩子会被惩罚直到他们改变这样的习惯,但是,现在人们的态度已经转变了。
故选B。
(3)考查主旨大意。
本文以客观、中立的态度描写了关于“左撇子”的一些事实,故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,同时根据上下文进行推理,归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Oilisessentialformodernlife.About64percentoftheworld'soilislocatedintheMiddleEast,buttheheaviestconsumersofoilareEurope,America,andJapan.Theproblemliesingettingtheoilfromthecountriesthatproduceittothecountriesthatconsumeit.Thisismainlydoneusingoiltankers.Usuallytheoilisshippedsafelyandwithnoproblems,butoccasionallythereisadisaster.
Everyyearmillionsoftonsofoilarespilledintotheocean.Althoughthisisonlyasmallpercentageofthetotalamountshippedaroundtheworldeachyear,thisspilledoilcanhaveterribleeffectsonoceanlife,includingthecoastlineswheretheoilwashesupontoshore.
OneoftheworstoilspillsinhistoryoccurredalongtheAlaskancoastlinein1989,whentheExxonValdeztankerranagroundoffthecoastofAlaska,spilling42millionlitersofoil.Althoughitwasn'tthelargestoilspill,thedisasterwasterriblebecauseitoccurredinsuchasensitivenaturalarea.Inthisspill,thetanker'scaptain,whowastiredfromoverworkanddrinkingalcohol,hadgonetotakearest.Hegavecontroloftheshiptoanothersailor,whowasunfamiliarwiththeroute.TheshipranontoBlighReef.Damagedbythereef,theshipleakedoiloutintotheocean.Morethan1,600kilometersofcoastlinewereaffectedbytheoilspill.Manybirdsandottersdiedasaresultoftheoilcoveringtheirskin,andmanyotherseacreaturesandtheanimalsthatfedonthemwerealsoseverelyaffected.
(1)WhichcountryisNOTamongthelargestconsumersofoil?
A. Japan
B. Iraq
C. America
D. Germany
(2)Whatdoestheunderlined“them”referto?
A. Thebirds.
B. Theotters.
C. Theseacreatures.
D. Thebirdsandtheotters.
(3)Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?
A. TheoilleakofAlaskaisbecausethecaptainwasunfamiliarwiththeroute.
B. Manybirdsandottersdiedfromeatingthespilledoil.
C. Alaskaspillwasthemostseriousspillofalltime.
D. Althoughsomeoilleakisnotserious,itwillaffectoceanlife.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一次严重的油船漏油事件。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段可知,最大的耗油国为欧洲的国家,美国和日本。
Iraq“伊拉克”不属于其中之一,故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段可知,很多以海洋生物为食的动物也都因为油船漏油而受到了影响。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第三段可知,A选项的漏油事件是由于船长劳累和喝酒去休息了,另一个水手不熟悉路线而造成的。
B选项不是死于吃油,而是死于羽毛被油粘住了。
C选项Alaska漏油事件并非史上最严重的。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
DaniellaWridewasbrushingherdaughter'slongbrownhairwhenshenoticedthatwitheachcomb,massesofthehairwerecomingout.ThatwasJanuary1,2017.Within20days,seven-year-oldGianessaWride'shairwascompletelygone,andherdoctorsaidthehairwouldnevergrowback.Gianessahadbecomeoneofthe6.8millionAmericanswithalopecia,anauto-immunediseasethatcauseshairloss.
Alopeciaisn'tpainful,butforkidswhosufferfromit,theseverepaincomesfromstandingoutfromthecrowd.Forthemostpart,thestudentsinGianessa'sfirst-gradeclassinSalem,Utah,wereunderstanding.Buttheoccasionaljokesof"Baldy"(秃子)madeherfeellikeanabandonedchild."Ididn'twanthertofeelthatshewasn'tliketheotherkids,"hermothersaid."Itriedcoveringherbaldness,buttheartificialhairwasuncomfortable."
Thencomestheschool'straditional"CrazyHairDay"inApril,agreatjust-for-funcelebrationwhereallthekidsandtheirparentscanexpresstheirwildsidesabit.DaniellaandGianessadecidedthatratherthanhideGianessa'sbaldnessundertheartificialhair,theywouldcelebrateit.Daniellaboughtscrapbook-sticker(贴纸)jewelsanddecoratedherheadwithflowereddesignsandevenadeer."Theyjustfitherpersonality,"Daniellasmiled."She'ssolovely."
Onthemorningofthecompetition,Gianessawasnervous.Wouldherfriendsthinkitwasfunny?
However,withhermother'sencouragement,shehadnothingtofear.ImpressiveGianessawasahitandawinnerofthecrazy-haircompetition.Gianessaisnowgladthatshedaredtogobare."IwassadatfirstwhenIlostallmyhair,"shetoldpeople."ButnowIlovebeingbald.Icandothingstomyheadthatotherkidscan't.I'mthinkingnowitmightbefuntodecoratemyheadwithsomecolourfulbutterfliesandflowers."
(1)WhywasGianessadifferentfromotherkids?
A.Shewasbornbald.
B.Shesufferedfromhairloss.
C.Shewastalentedinhairdesigning.
D.Shehadherheadfullyshaved.
(2)HowdidothersreacttoGianessa'sdisease?
A.Herdoctorwasquiteoptimistic.
B.Hermothergaveherartificialhair.
C.Herclassmateswereallconsiderate.
D.Herschoolofferedherspecialhelp.
(3)WhatcouldGianessadoonthe"CrazyHairDay"?
A.Shecouldteaseothers.
B.Shecoulddecorateherhair.
C.Shecouldshopscrapbook-stickers.
D.Shecouldshowherpersonality.
(4)Whatisthemainideaofthetext?
A.Thegirlfacedherdiseaseinamostbeautifulway.
B.Theartificialhairbuiltupthegirl'sconfidence.
C.Thecompetitionservedasawaytomakeachange.
D.Thediseasewascuredwithmother'sloveandcare.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)B
(3)D
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,一个七岁的女孩GianessaWride得了一种疾病,掉光了头发还不可能再重新长出来,但是她终于在家人和同学们的帮助下,勇敢地展现她的个性,愉快地生活。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“Within20days,seven-year-oldGianessaWride'shairwascompletelygone,andherdoctorsaidthehairwouldnevergrowback.”不到20天,7岁的GianessaWride的头发就完全脱落了,医生说她的头发再也长不出来了,可知,GianessaWride和其他孩子不一样,因为她遭受脱发之苦。
故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Itriedcoveringherbaldness,buttheartificialhairwasuncomfortable.”我试着盖住她的秃顶,但人造的头发不舒服)可知,她妈妈给Gianessa戴了假发。
故选B。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“ButnowIlovebeingbald.Icandothingstomyheadthatotherkidscan't.I'mthinkingnowitmightbefuntodecoratemyheadwithsomecolourfulbutterfliesandflowers.”但现在我喜欢秃顶。
我可以做其他孩子做不到的事情。
我在想用彩蝶和鲜花来装饰我的头可能会很有趣,可知,Gianessa在“疯狂发型日”能够正视自己,展现她的个性。
故选D。
(4)考查主旨大意。
根据最后一段中的“ButnowIlovebeingbald.Icandothingstomyheadthatotherkidscan't.I'mthinkingnowitmightbefuntodecoratemyheadwithsomecolourfulbutterfliesandflowers.”但现在我喜欢秃顶。
我可以做其他孩子做不到的事情。
我在想用彩蝶和鲜花来装饰我的头可能会很有趣,结合主要内容为记叙一个七岁的女孩得了一种疾病,掉光了头发还不可能再重新长出来,但是她终于在家人和同学们的帮助下,展现她的个性,愉快地生活。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
4.阅读理解
EverydayIseeadvertisementsinthenewspapersandonthebusesclaimingthatitiseasyandquicktolearnEnglish.ThereisevenareferencetoWilliamShakespeareorCharlesDickenstoencouragelearnersevenmore.WhenIseeadvertisementslikethis,Idon'tknowwhethertolaughorcry.Butmanypeoplemustbelievetheseridiculousclaims,orelsetheadvertisementswouldnotappear.
Ofcourseiti
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