卫生B真题评讲.docx
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卫生B真题评讲.docx
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卫生B真题评讲
卫生类B级2011年真题评讲
一、词汇选项
1、词汇选项的解题要点
(1)确定题目考查的目标词,即括号里面的词,在考试中为划横线的词。
目标词分为三种,单词原形,单词屈折变化以及短语词组。
(2)在词典中找到这个单词。
熟悉26个字母顺序,熟悉查词典的方法,通过多练习提高速度。
(3)查看该单词的同义词列表,即单词释义后括号里面的内容。
然后比较同义词列表和四个选项,出现在列表中的选项,即为正确答案。
2、真题评讲(挑选了以下5道有代表性的题目)
3.Mr.Henryhas(accelerated)hissaleofsharesoverthepastyear.
A.held
B.increased
C.expected
D.offered
【解题思路】本题的目标词是:
accelerated,原形是:
accelerate。
词典中accelerate的同义词有hasten,increase,promote,speedup等。
选项中B选项的词increased的原形increase在同义词列表中,所以答案选择B。
5.Thehigh-speedtraincanhaveamajor(impact)onourlives.
A.effort
B.problem
C.influence
D.concern
【解题思路】本题的目标词是:
impact。
词典中impact的同义词有:
effect,force,impression,influence等。
选项中C选项的词influence在同义词列表中,所以答案选择C。
8.Thestudyalsonotesa(steady)declineinthenumberofcollegestudentstakingsciencecourses.
A.continuous
B.relative
C.general
D.sharp
【解题思路】本题的目标词是:
steady。
词典中steady的同义词有:
ceaseless,constant,continuous等。
选项中A的词continuous在同义词列表中,所以答案选择A。
9.Andersonleftthetable,(remarking)thathehadsomeworktodo.
A.saying
B.doubting
C.thinking
D.knowing
【解题思路】本题的目标词是:
remarking,原形是remark。
词典中remark的同义词有:
commenton,observeon,say等。
选项中A选项的词saying的原形say在同义词列表中,所以答案选择A。
11.Shealways(findsfaultwith)everything.
A.criticizes
B.simplifies
C.evaluates
D.examines
【解题思路】这道题的目标词是findsfaultwith,finds是动词,fault是名词,with是介词,我们优先查找名词fault来找到目标短语。
词典中findfaultwith的同义词有:
complain,criticize,gripe,holler,moan,rail等。
选项中A项的原形criticize是findfaultwith的同义词,所以本题的正确答案为A。
同学们查字典是可以忽略fault的解释,直接找find~with。
二、阅读判断
1、阅读判断的解题要点
(1)会运用查读法技巧。
把查读法的各个环节,包括查找关键词,关键词回归原文,题目和原文的对比分析都掌握清楚。
(2)能分清正确,错误和未提及三种情况的判断标准和判断方法。
(3)解题的时候注意运用顺序原则。
2、真题评讲(挑选了以下3道有代表性的题目)
RelievingthePain
1"Exercisemaybethebesttreatmentofchronicpain,"saydoctorsatanewclinicfordealingwithpain."Peoplewithchronicpainneedtostoplyingaround,gooutmore,andstartexercising."Theinstinctivereactiontoacutepainistostopmovingandtrytoprotectthesourceofpain.Butitseemsthatthisisoftennotproductive,especiallyinthecaseofbackpain.Backpain,afterheadachesandtiredness,hasbecomethethirdmostcommonreasonforpeopletovisittheirdoctors.Painfulbacksnowaccountformillionsofdaysoffwork.
2Lumbar(腰部的)painsarepartlythepricehumanspayfortakingtheirforelimbsofftheground,buttheyaremadeworsebyasedentary(久坐不动的)lifestyle.Lackofexerciseslowlydecreasestheflexibilityandstrengthofmuscles,sothatitismoredifficulttotakepressureoffthesiteofpain.Exerciseisessential.Itreleasesendorphins(内啡肽),thebody’s"feel-good"chemicals,whicharenaturalpainkillers.Infact,thesearesoimportantthatresearchersarenowlookingfordrugsthatcanmaintainacomfortablelevelofendorphinsinthebody.
3Mostpeoplewhogotoafamilydoctorcomplainingofpainareprescribedpain-killingdrugsratherthanexercise.Sciencefindingthecauseofbackacheisnotsoeasy,doctorsfrequentlydonotknowtheprecisecauseofthediscomfort,andasthepaincontinues,suffersenduptakingstrongerdosesoraseriesofdifferentdrugs."It'scrazy,"saysDr.Brasseyr,atherapistattheInternationalAssociationfortheStudyofPain."Someofthemaretakingdifferentdrugsprescribedbydifferentdoctors.I'vejustseenapatientwhowastakingtwodrugswhichturnedouttobethesamethingunderdifferentnames."
4Agenerationofnewpainclinicsnowoperatesonthebasisthatdrugsarebestavoided.Oncepatientshaveundergonetheinitialphysicalandpsychologicalcheckup,theirmedicationiscutdownasmuchaspossible.Takingpatientsoffdrugsalsopreparesthemforphysicalactivity.
5Insomepain-reliefclinics,patientsbeginthedaymusclecontractionandrelaxationexercisesfollowedbyanhouronexercisebikes.Laterintheday,theypracticet’aichi(太极),self-defense,anddeepthought.Thiscompareswithanaverageoftwo-and-a-halfhoursphysiotherapy(理疗)aweekinatraditionalhospitalprogram."Theideaistostrengthenandtoincreaselong-lastingenergy,flexibility,andconfidence."explainsBillWiles,aconsultantpaindoctorinLiverpool."Patientsundergoingthistherapygetbacktoworkandresumehealthyactivelifestylesmuchsoonerthanthosesubjectedtomoreconservativetreatment."
16.Totreatpain,patientsshouldstopmovingaround.(对待疼痛,病人应该停止运动)
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【解题思路】关键词:
treatpain,stopmovingaround。
第一段第三句:
Theinstinctivereactiontoacutepainistostopmoving…Butitseemsthatthisisoftennotproductive,especiallyinthecaseofbackpain.(急性疼痛的本能反应是停止运动,……但是,这似乎不是经常有效,特别是背部疼痛)
另外,文章第一句"Exercisemaybethebesttreatmentofchronicpain,"(运动也许是治疗疼痛的最好的方法。
)故题目说应停止运动来治疗疼痛,是错误的。
本题目的答案是B。
17.Headachesarepartlycausedbylackofexercise.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【解题思路】关键词:
Headaches,lackofexercise。
句子意思:
部分头痛是因为运动过少引起的。
第一段倒数第二句:
Backpain,afterheadachesandtiredness,hasbecomethethirdmostcommonreasonforpeopletovisittheirdoctors.(背痛是继头痛和疲劳之后的第三个最常见的让人们去看医生的原因)
这里的headache只是作为插入语,后面只写了背痛的相关信息,并没有对头痛这个状况进行描述。
更没有提到头痛的原因是否是因为缺乏锻炼引起的。
所以题目信息在文章中是没有提及到的。
本题目答案是C。
18.Exercisehelpstotakethepressureoffthesiteofpain.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
【解题思路】关键词为:
pressure,siteofpain。
第二段的第二句:
Lackofexerciseslowlydecreasestheflexibilityandstrengthofmuscles,sothatitismoredifficulttotakepressureoffthesiteofpain.缺乏锻炼会慢慢的减少肌肉的柔韧性和力度,这样会让疼痛的消除变的更加困难。
题干用的就是肯定的陈述句,而原文当中实际是两个否定(lack和difficult)放在一起。
反过来也就是说锻炼可以帮助慢慢消除疼痛。
而题目说锻炼有助于消除肌肉的疼痛,符合原文的意思,答案为A。
三、概括大意和完成句子
1、概括大意和完成句子解题要点
(1)中心句的划分技巧。
(2)掌握查读法技巧,特别是信息对比分析环节中的弥补成分原则。
2、真题评讲(挑选了以下4道有代表性的题目)
TheMeaningofDreams
1Dreamsplayanimportantroleinourlives.Iftheycanbecorrectlyinterpreted,wecancometounderstandourselvesbetter.Here,welookatfourcommondreamsandwhattheypotentiallysymbolize.
2Icanseetheirlaughingfaces.....laughingatme.Buttheyaren'tassmart.Iftheywere,they'dbeuphereflyingwithme!
Thisdreamhasbothpositiveandnegativeconnotations(涵义).Onthepositiveside,thedreammayexpressastrongdesiretotravelandgetawayfromeverydayroutine.Itcanalsobeinterpretedasapowerfuldesiretoachieve.Ontheotherhand,thisdreamcanmeanthepersonhasaproblemorisafraidofsomethingandtheywishtoescape.Thedreamcouldrepresentaninferioritycomplex(自卑情结),whichthedreamerattemptstoescapefrombyputtingthemselvesupaboveothers.
3I'mmovingfastnow,butit'sstillbehindme.Doesn'tmatterhowfastlgo,lstillcan'tescape.Althoughthisisatraditionalsymbolofhealthandvitality(生命力)likethefirstone,itcanalsosuggestthedreameristryingtoescapefromdanger.Usually,fearisthedominantemotion.Byrunninghard,thedreamercanpossiblyescapethethreat.However,theycanalsostumbleorworsestillstopmovingaltogether.Thismakesthefearevenmoreterrifying.Onepossibleinterpretationsuggeststhatthepersonisunderpressureintheireverydaylife.
4l’msweatingandmyheartisbeating.I'mtrappedinmyownbed.Inthisdream,thepersonisoftenstandingonahigh,exposedplacesuchasonthetopofatower,orontheedgeofacliff.Theoverwhelming(强烈的)feelingchangesfromanxietytoalossofcontrol.Thereisnothingtostoptheperson,andthefeelingastheygoovertheedgecanbehorrifyingly(恐怖的)real.Fortunately,justbeforehittingtheground,thedreamerawakenswithasenseofenormousrelief.Thisdreamsuggeststhatthedreamerisafraidoflosingcontrolandhasafearoffailureorevendeath.
5ThewindispushingmeandIslip.There'snothingIcando...nothinglcanholdonto.Thissymbolisassociatedwithfear:
suddenlythedreamerlosesallpowerofmovement.Theytryhardtomovetheirarmsandlegs,buttheysimplycannot.Frozeninaterrifyingsituationwithnoescape,theybecomemoreandmoreterrifiedasthesecondsgoby.Anotherfrequentcontextforthisdreamisfailingtodosomethinginpublic,oftensomethingwhichyouarenormallyverygoodat,suchasyourjob.Notonlyisthisextremelyembarrassing,butitalsoshowsadeep-seatedphobia(恐惧)oflosingajobandalivelihood.
23.Paragraph2_____
A.Dreamofdivingintothewater
B.Dreamofrunninghard
C.Dreamoffallingdown
D.Dreamofflyingintotheair
E.Dreamofbeingpushedaway
F.Dreamofclimbingtrees
【解题思路】六个选项都是陈述梦到了什么,所以原文若出现了选项的关键词,即是答案。
第二段第三句的Iftheywere,they'dbeuphereflyingwithme!
出现了D选项的关键词flying,本题答案为D选项。
24.Paragraph3_____
A.Dreamofdivingintothewater
B.Dreamofrunninghard
C.Dreamoffallingdown
D.Dreamofflyingintotheair
E.Dreamofbeingpushedaway
F.Dreamofclimbingtrees
【解题思路】第三段第一句写到:
I'mmovingfastnow,butit'sstillbehindme.Doesn'tmatterhowfastIgo,Istillcan'tescape.(我跑得很快,但是还是在跟着我。
无论我跑得再快,始终都无法逃脱。
这个很显然描述的是在奔跑的梦境。
选项中B选项的关键词running表示奔跑,所以本题答案为B选项。
29.Ifapersondreamsofgoingovertheedgeofacliff,hemay______
A.beunderpressureineverydaylife
B.feeltiredinreallife
C.beafraidoflosinghisjobinreallife
D.feellonelyineverydaylife
E.feelinferiorinreality
F.beafraidoflosingcontrolinreallife
【解题思路】关键词是:
goingover,theedgeofacliff。
第四段:
Inthisdream,thepersonisoftenstandingonahigh,exposedplacesuchasonthetopofatower,orontheedgeofacliff.随后给出了这个梦境的解释:
Theoverwhelming(强烈的)feelingchangesfromanxietytoalossofcontrol.原文的lossofcontrol的动词形式losingcontrol出现在了F选项中,所以本题的正确答案为F选项。
30.lfapersondreamsoffailingtodosomethinginpublic,hemay______
A.beunderpressureineverydaylife
B.feeltiredinreallife
C.beafraidoflosinghisjobinreallife
D.feellonelyineverydaylife
E.feelinferiorinreality
F.beafraidoflosingcontrolinreallife
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