李桂娟1100411001英语郑华.docx
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李桂娟1100411001英语郑华.docx
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李桂娟1100411001英语郑华
中图分类号:
H313
学号:
11004110001
南阳师范学院
本科毕业论文
论文题目:
跨文化非言语交际与大学生
英语听力教学研究
作者:
李桂娟
指导教师:
郑华教授
学院:
外国语学院
专业:
英语
班级:
2011级01班
二〇一五年三月
跨文化非言语交际与大学生英语听力
教学研究
南阳师范学院
外国语学院
英语专业
申请文学学士学位
毕业论文
作者:
指导教师:
OnInterculturalNonverbalCommunicationandtheCollegeEnglishListeningTeaching
AThesisSubmittedto
EnglishDepartment,
SchoolofForeignLanguages,
NanyangNormalUniversity
inPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirements
fortheDegreeofBachelorofArts
By
Supervisor:
Acknowledgements
Iwanttothankallthosewhohaveofferedmetheirferventhelp,commitmentandenthusiasm,whichhavebeenthemainlydrivingforcetofinishthispaper.First,Iowespecialgratitudetomyadviser,ViceProfessorZhengHua,whogivesmealotofadviceaboutmypaper.Iamgratefultohernotonlyforherguidance,commentsonthispaper,butalsoforherpatientattitudeonherstudentswhichmakemehavemoreconfidencetocompletethisthesis.IwouldliketothankallcollegecolleagueswhohelpedmelookedforthelargematerialsIneedwhenIwerenotatschool.Theyalsogavemetheireffectiveadvice.
摘要
大量的研究表明,大约70%或90%的信息是通过非言语交际表达的。
实际上,教学本身就是一种交流方式。
大多数人认为,英语听力教学是通过言语手段而不是非言语手段进行的。
所以即便非言语交际作为一种重要的交际手段,在大学生英语课堂中所起的作用普遍是被人们低估甚至是忽视的。
当然这种现象在英语听力课堂也是普遍存在的。
大学英语听力教学一直是中国大学生外语学习的重点,政府也投入了大量的人力和物力。
但由于文化差异、听力障碍和教学方法的关系,听力教学仍然是中国大学英语教学的一块短板。
为了普遍提升大学生英语听力能力,提高英语听力教学质量,一些专家和学者开始从一个全新的角度探索教学方法。
关键词:
大学生英语听力教学;听力现状;跨文化非言语交际
Abstract
ChineseuniversityEnglishlisteningclasshasbeenalwayslaidmorestressbythenationalgovernment,whichalsoputalotofmanpowerandmaterialresources,butitisstillashortboardinChineseuniversityEnglishTeaching.InordertoimproveEnglishlisteningabilityofcollegestudents,someexpertsandscholarsbegantoexploretheteachingmethodsfromanewperspective,inordertoenrichthestudents'EnglishListeningTeachingmethodsandimprovethequalityofEnglishListeningteaching.
KeyWords:
collegeEnglishlisteningteaching;currentsituationoflistening;interculturalnonverbalcommunication
Contents
AcknowledgementsI
摘要II
AbstractIII
ContentsIV
1.Introduction1
1.1ResearchBackground1
1.2TheSignificanceoftheStudy2
1.3TheLayoutoftheThesis4
2.NonverbalCommunication5
2.1TheDefinitionofNonverbalCommunication5
2.2Classification5
2.3Function6
3.Discussion7
3.1TheCurrentSituationofCollegeEnglishListeningTeaching7
3.2AnalysisofListeningDisorder8
3.2.1VoiceDisorders9
3.2.2TheDisadvantagesofVerbalCommunication9
3.2.3TheBurdenofMental9
3.3Solution10
3.3.1BodyLanguage10
3.3.2Paralanguage11
3.3.3Teacher'sArtifacts12
4.Conclusion13
Bibliography14
1.Introduction
1.1ResearchBackground
Everycountryisbecomingmoreandmoredeveloped.Thecommunicationismorefrequentlybetweencountriesandcountries.Wewillinteractwithpeoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundsfrequently,sointerculturalcommunicationoccursalmostwheneverandwherever.Theworldweliveinisbecomingaglobalvillage.Moreandmorepeoplehaverealizedthatculturaldifferencesaffectthesubtleandprofoundexchanges.Cross-culturalcommunicationisnotanewconcept,whichexistedasearlyasafterthefirsttribalgroupsformedinthehistoryofmankind.Culturaldifferenceshavebeenidentifiedthousandyearsago.Whentwotribesfromdifferentculturalbackgroundsmeeteachother,becauseofdifferentculturalbackgrounds,theywillhavethisorthatmisunderstandingwhencommunicating.Therefore,peoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundsshouldlearnactivelytheculturaldifferenceknowledgefromeachothersoastoachieveeffectivecommunication.Collegestudentsaslearnersandastheworldmanagersinthefuturemustmastertheculturaldifferenceswelltoadapttheglobalization.
However,listeningisanelementaryabilitytothecollegestudentsininterculturalcommunication.SoitisimperativetoimprovetheEnglishlisteningabilityforCollegestudents.Inordertoachievethisobjective,theuniversityEnglishteachersshouldpaymoreattentiontocultivatethestudents'interculturalcommunicativecompetence.Moreimportantly,thefullknowledgeofinterculturalcommunicationshouldbeintroducedintotheuniversityEnglishlisteningteachingtocultivatestudents'interculturalcommunicativeandcomprehensivecompetence.Thelanguageisabestreflectionoftheculture.Thefinalpurposetostudyalanguageiscommunication.Buttoachieveeffectivecommunication,wemustlaythegoodbaseoflistening.ThisalsomeansthatthecollegeEnglishlisteningteachingisacradleforstudentstomasterlisteningskillsandconsolidatethelisteningfoundation.Languagecultureandcommunicationarecloselyrelated.SoinEnglishlisteningclass,weshouldcombinetheselinksclosely.
1.2TheSignificanceoftheStudy
Thereisnodoubtthatthesignificanceofthisstudyliesinthenonverbalcommunicationandthesignificanceofcollegestudents'Englishlisteningteaching.Itisdiscussedfromthefollowingthreeaspects.
Firstofall,nonverbalcommunicationhasimportanttheorysignificance.Whenwetalktocommunication,weinstantlythinkofthelanguageorwordsingeneral.However,intheactualface-to-faceinteractionbetweenpeopleandpeople,itisnotmerelyverballybutnonverbally.Verbalandnonverbalcommunicationmodewasusedinpeople’sdailylifeaswellasintheiroccupationlife.IntheuniversityEnglishteaching,verbalcommunicationisgenerallyusedbytocarryoutaseriesofactivitiesinclassroom,whichhasbecomethemostcommonlyandimportantwayusedinChinauniversityEnglishclassroomaswellasatuniversityEnglishlisteningclass.However,nonverbalmeansalsoplayasignificantroleinEnglishteaching,esp.inlanguagelisteningteaching.Sometimenonverbalmeanscanachievesometargetsbutverbalmeanswouldnot.
Secondly,nonverbalcommunicationhassomepracticalsignificance.Imagine,oryoucansimplydoasurvey.Inourdailylife,howmanytimesapersonuseofnonverbalcommunicationtointeractwithothers.Theresultwouldbeamazing.Throughthecalculationyouwillknow, almostallofour emotions are conveyedthrough nonverbalcommunication.Wenodtoexpressconsentorapproval.Wefrowntoshowagainst.Wesmileandstretchoutahandtoshowwelcome. We wave thehands to showgoodbye.Werelyonthe seat andyawntoshowthatis boring intheconversationorina lecture.Westampourfootorclapthetabletoshowourangerandsoon.Infact,everywhereinourlivesarefilledwithnon-verbalcommunication.Indailylife, we ignore thenonverbalcommunicationthatthereasonisverysimple, thatis we areunconscioustosendthemessageinnonverbalmeans.Nonverbalcommunicationhelpusgetalargeamountofinformation, so ifwe putitintothe CollegeEnglish listeningteaching, thisisnotanewstarting point?
Lastly,thereisanimportant culturalsignificance ofnonverbalcommunication.Nonverbalcommunication isanessential anduniversalhumanbehavior.Whentwopeoplemeet, mostoftheinteractions arecarriedoutbythe nonverbalcommunicationapproach,suchaseyecontacts,facialexpressions.Nonverbalcommunicationis animportantpart ofhumancommunication.Nomatterwhenandwhere you metanother, aslongas thereiscommunication,thentherewillbenonverbalcommunication.However,itoftenoverlooked,causedsomepeople mistakenlythinkthat nonverbalcommunication doesnotexist.Asweallknow, ababy, ifyou usegesturesto frightenheror him, thenheorshewill cryandthinkyouareabadman. Butifyou saidtohim:
Iambad,and he could nothavethereactionlikethat.This meansthat achild beforeshe couldspeak, he wouldunderstand nonverbal behavior,ratherthanverbal behavior.Forexample, ifyou smilesand grimacestowardababy, heorshe willrespondtoyousmile,laughand movehis orherheadhappily.Sowecansaid, nonverbalcommunicationis aperson's naturalabilityfrombirthto theend.However,Samovar,etal.[1:
201]says“althoughmuchofapparentbehaviorisinstinctive(suchassmiling,moving,touching,eyecontact),youarenotbornwithacultureofthecommunicationproportionsassociatedwithnonverbalmessages.”Therefore,nonverbalcommunicationiscloselyrelatedtoculture.Therefore,iftheCollegeEnglishListeningteachingusethenonverbalcommunicationasakeypointatthesametime,andthatismoreeffectiveforteacherandstudentstounderstandthelisteningmaterials,ChinesecollegeEnglishlisteningteachingmightbetoanewlevel.
1.3TheLayoutoftheThesis
Inordertoachievefinalobjective,thethesisconsistsoffourparts.Thefirstpartistheintroduction.Itconcludesthreesub-parts,includingtheresearchbackground,thesignificanceofthestudy,andthelayoutofthethesis.Thenthethesismovestothenextthreeparts.Thesecondpartmainlyreviewssometheoryoninterculturalnonverbalcommunicationbothabroadandathome.Itconcludestheinterculturalnonverbalcommunication'sdefinition,function,andclassification.ThethirdpartbrieflyintroducesthecurrentsituationofcollegeEnglishlisteningteaching,thelisteningdisordersandsolution.Andthelastpartisconclusion.
2.NonverbalCommunication
2.1TheDefinitionofNonverbalCommunication
Peoplenonverbalcommunicationisnotsofamiliar.Generallyspeaking,itcanberegardascommunicationwithoutwordsorthestudyofbodylanguage,facialexpressions,eyecontact,etc.Diversepeoplehaveunusualperceptiveofnonverbalcommunication.Ther
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