虚拟语气讲解与练习 专项练习届高三英语一轮复习.docx
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虚拟语气讲解与练习 专项练习届高三英语一轮复习.docx
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虚拟语气讲解与练习专项练习届高三英语一轮复习
虚拟语气
语气是动词的一种形式,表示说话人的看法和态度。
英语有三种语气,即______________,_________________,________________。
陈述语气有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。
用来陈述一个事实,或提出一种看法
祈使语气用于祈使句,表示__________________________________________________;虚拟语气表示______________________________________________________________.
ChinaisthelargestcountryinAsia.
Theydon’tliveinShanghai.
DoesTomusuallygetupveryearly?
Whatacleverboy!
Don’tbelatenexttime.
Waitoutsideuntilyouareasked.
IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotgo.
IwishIwereabirdflyinginthesky.
LonglivetheunityoftheChinesepeople!
Mayyouhavealongandhappylife!
一.虚拟语气的三种基本类型
读句子体会虚拟语气的意图和用法
IfIsawhimnow,Iwouldbeveryhappy.
Ifhewereherenow,wecouldaskhimaboutit.
Ifyouwereinmyposition,whatwouldyoudo?
IfIhadtimetoday,Iwouldgowithyou.
IfIhadseenhimthen,Iwouldhavebeenveryhappy.
Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldhavenotgotsick.
IfIhadreadthebook,Iwouldhavetoldyouaboutit.
IfIsaw/shouldsee/weretoseehimtomorrow,Iwouldbeveryhappy.
Ifyoucametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.
Ifitweretoraintomorrow,theycouldn’tgoforanouting.
归纳:
与现在事实相反:
1)条件句谓语:
2)主句谓语:
与过去事实相反:
1)条件句谓语:
2)主句谓语:
与将来事实相反:
1)条件句谓语:
2)主句谓语:
练习:
1.Iftherewerenosubjectivemood,English_______________(be)mucheasier.
2.Ifmylawyer___________(be)herelastSaturday,he________________(prevent)mefromgoing.
3.---Ifhe_________________(warn),he______________________(take)thatfood.
---Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.
4.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_______________(come),shewouldhavemetmybrother.
5.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe___________(drive)inturn,you___________(get)sotired.
6.Jeandoesn’twanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksthatifshe____________(get)ajobsheprobablywouldn’tbeabletoseeherfriendsveryoften.
7.IfIknewtheanswer,Iwouldn’tbeasking,_____________?
8.Ifthehurricane_______________(happen)duringthedaytime,therewouldhavebeenmanydeaths.
9.Ifit______________________finetomorrow,Iwouldgoshopping.
10.Ifthere___________(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we_____________(make)useofnuclearpower.
11.What________________(happen)ifyou____________(getup)toolatetomorrow?
12.IfRobots_____________(control)theworldsomeday,there________(be)nofriendship.
二.(时间)混合虚拟语气
读句子
Tomwouldbealivetodayifthedoctorhadcomesoonerlastnight.
Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvicethen,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.
IfIwereyounow,Iwouldhavegonetothetheatreyesterday.
Ifithadrainedlastnight,thegroundwouldbewetnow.
归纳:
条件从句和主句的动作发生的时间不一致时,____________________
练习:
1.Ifyou_______________(study)hardatthattime,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.
2.IftheUnitedStateshadbuiltmorehomesforpoorpeoplein1955,thehousingproblemsnowinsomepartsofthiscounty___________________(be)soserious.
3.ItishardforhimtoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI___________(fall)inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.
4.Ifhe____________(hurt)hislegsyesterday,he________________(go)withusnow.
5.You_____________(be)muchbetternowifyouhadtakenmyadvice.
三.倒装的虚拟条件句(were,had,should)
读句子
1.IfIhadseenhimthen,Iwouldhavebeenveryhappy.
=_________________________________________
2.IfIshouldhavetime,Iwouldgowithyou.
=__________________________________________
3.IfIwereyoutomorrow,Ishouldn’tquarrelwithhim.
=__________________________________________
4.IfIwerenotsobusy,Iwouldgowithyou.
=__________________________________________
归纳:
练习:
1.___________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittothemuseum.
2._________hefree,hewouldgowithyou.
3._________younothelpedme,Ishouldhavefailed.
4._________youinmyposition,youwoulddothesame.
四.含蓄条件句虚拟语气
1.Butforhishelp,wewouldn’thavemadesuchgreatprogress.
2.Withoutthedreamsoftheyouth,thisinventionmighthavebeenpostponedforacentury.
3.Hemusthavemissedthetrain,orhewouldhavearrivedherethen.
4.Itwasnotamatterofmoney.Evenaverypoormanwouldhavedonethesame,Ithink.
5.Theyhelpedmealot.Idon’tknowwhatIwouldhavedonewithouttheirhelp.
6.Givenmoretime,hecouldhavedonetheworkbetter.
归纳:
练习:
1.Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idon’tthinkwe____________(manage)itwithoutyou.
2.Butforfriction,people___________neitherwalk,norevenstandup.
3.Yesterday,Janewalkedawayfromthediscussion,otherwise,she___________(say)somethingshewouldregretlater.
4.Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe______________
(score)agoal.
5.Itwasnotamatterofmoney.Evenaverypoorman____________(do)thesame,Ithink.
6.__________thehelpoftheirgroup,wewouldhavesucceededintheinvestigation.
7.__________theflood,theshipwouldhavereacheditdestinationontime.
五.虚拟条件句两个常用的固定句式
1.Ifitweren’tforwater,noplantcouldgrow.
=_________________,noplantcouldgrow.
=_________________,noplantcouldgrow.
2.Ifithadn’tbeenforthedoctor,hewouldhavedied.
=__________________________,hewouldhavedied.
=___________________________,hewouldhavedied.
练习:
1.Ifit________________forthesnow,we_________________(climb)themountainyesterday.
2.___________________forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.
3.Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we_______________________(be)allright.
4._______________fortheInternet,wecouldn’tgetinformationsoquickly.
六.Wish(ed)+从句;ifonly+从句;动词+asif+从句的虚拟语气
1.Iwishshevisitedustoday.
=Ifonlyshevisitedustoday.
2.Iwishshehadvisitedusyesterday.
=Iwishshecouldhavevisitedusyesterday.
=Ifonlyhehadvisitedusyesterday.
=Ifonlyhecouldhavevisitedusyesterday.
3.Iwishshecould(would/might)visitustomorrow.
=Ifonlyshecould(would/might)visitustomorrow.
4.Itlooksasifshewere10yearsyoungertoday.
5.Itlooksasifhehadn’thadamealforaweek.
6.Hetalksasifhehadbeenabroad.
7.TheytreatmeasthoughIwereastranger.
8.Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething.
从句所表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实,也可用陈述语气:
9.Itlooksasifwe’llbelate.
10.Thismeattastesasifithasalreadygonebad.
Itisn’tasif….=it’snotasthough…固定句式(好像不是,显然不是,真不是)
Itisn’tasifhewerepoor.
Itisn’tasifhedidn’trecognizeme!
HejustwalkedstraightpastmeasIstoodthere.
Heactsasif(hewere)afool.
Shelefttheroomhurriedlyasif(shewere)angry.
归纳:
wish(=ifonly)+从句的虚拟语气
与现在事实相反
与过去事实相反
与将来事实相反
动词+asif/asthough+从句的虚拟语气
练习:
1.---“Areyougoingtotheballtonight?
”
---“It’stoolatenow.HowIwishI_______________(know)aboutitearlier!
”
2.HowIwisheveryfamily________________(have)alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!
3.Iwishshe_____________tryagaintomorrow.
4.Ifeelsosorrythatyouspokeoutthesecret.Iwishyou_____________(do)that.
5.LookatthetroubleIamin!
IfonlyI______________(follow)youradvice.
6.Ifonlyhe____________(lie)quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldn’tsuffersomuchnow.
7.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_________(break).
8.Lookingroundthetown,hefeltasthoughhe_________awayforages.
七.Itistime+that从句
1.Itis(high)timethatweendedthissillyargument.
2.It’stimethatwegotup/shouldgetup.
3.Itistime(that)thebusarrivedhere.
4.Nowitisabouttimeyoushouldtakeplaceofme.
八.wouldrather+that从句的虚拟语气
1.Iwouldratherhevisitedustomorrow.
2.Iwouldratherhevisitedustoday.
3.Iwouldratherhehadvisitedusyesterday.
4.Hewouldrathervisitusthanstayathome.
练习:
1.Itishightimethatourchildren_____________(learn)todosomehousework.
2.Itistimethatwe_____________(do)somethingtostoppollution.
3.Excuseme,butitistimeyou________(have)yourtemperature________(take).
4.---Doyoufeellike_________(walk)thereorshallwetakeabus?
---I’dliketowalk.Butsincethereisn’tmuchtimeleft,I’dratherwe__________(take)ataxi.
5.Youdon’thavetobeinsuchahurry.Iwouldratheryou______________(go)onbusinessfirst.
九.“(Should)do”型虚拟语气(主要用在名词性从句中)
1.HedemandedthatJohnshouldgothereatonce.
2.Thedoctoradvisedthatheshouldnotsmoke.
3.Hesuggestedthatweshouldmakebetteruseofthelibrary.
4.Heorderedthatsheshouldbesentencedtodeath.
5.HerequestedthatAliceshouldattendtheconference.
6.Herfacesuggestedthatshewasill.SoIsuggestedthatsheshouldbesenttohospitalimmediately.
7.TominsistedMikeshouldapologizetohisteacher,butMikeinsistedthathewasnotwrong.
8.Isuggestedthatsheshouldgothereatonce.=Imadeasuggestionthatsheshouldgothereatonce.=Mysuggestionwasthatsheshouldgothereatonce.=Itissuggestedthatsheshouldgothereatonce.
9.Itisstrangethatheshouldhavesaidso.
10.Itisapitythatheshouldhavemissedsuchagoldenchance.
11.Itwasamazingthattheboyshouldhavesolvedtheproblemsoquickly.
归纳:
1)一个坚持_________两个命令___________三个建议_________________
四个要求_____________________________
2)
3)
4)
练习:
1.Theworkerswillgoonstrikeifthedemandsthey_______putforwardareturneddown.
2.Iinsistthatadoctor________________(send)forimmediately.
3.Jane’spalefacesuggestedthathe_______(be)ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe____________(have)amedicalexamination.
4.Itisstrangethatyou_________saysuchathing.
5.Thisi
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