英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案解析二.docx
- 文档编号:6615765
- 上传时间:2023-01-08
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:7
- 大小:21.59KB
英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案解析二.docx
《英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案解析二.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案解析二.docx(7页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案解析二
SANY标准化小组#QS8QHH-HHGX8Q8-GNHHJ8-HHMHGN#
英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案解析二
2015年英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案
(精品试卷二)
SectionC
Directions:
Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.,B.,C.andD..YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Friedfoodshavelongbeenfrownedupon.Nevertheless,theskillet(长柄平底煎锅)isaboutourhandiestandmostusefulpieceofkitchenequipment.Strongwoodcuttersandothersengagedinactivelaborrequiring4,000caloriesperdayormorewilltakeapproximatelyone-thirdoftheirrationspreparedinthisfashion.Meat,eggs,andFrenchtoastcookedinthiswayareservedinmillionsofhomesdaily.Apparentlytheconsumersarenotbesetwithmoresignsofindigestionthanafflictedbythosewhoinsistuponbroiling,roasting,orboiling.Someyearsagooneofourmosteminentphysiologistsinvestigatedthedigestibilityoffriedpotatoes.Hefoundthatthepanvarietywasmoreeasilybrokendownforassimilationthanwhendeepfatwasemployed.Thelatter,however,dissolvedwithinthealimentarytract(消化道)morereadilythantheboiledtype.Furthermore,helearned,bywatchingtheprogressofthecontentsofthestomachbymeansofthefluoroscope(荧光检查仪),thatfatactuallyacceleratedtherateofdigestion.Nowallthisisquiteincontrastwith"authority".Volumeshavebeenwrittenonnutrition,andeverywherethedictum(权威意见)hasbeenaccepted--nofriedediblesofanysortforchildren.Afewwillgosotarastoforbidthisstyleofcookingwholly.Nowandthenanexpertwillbeboldenoughtoadmitthatheusesthemhimself,theabsenceofdiscomfortbeingexplainedonthegroundthathepossessesapowerfulgastric(胃的)apparatus.Wecanofcoursesizzleperfectlygoodarticlestodeathsothattheywillbeleatheryandtough.Butthoroughheating,inthepresenceofshortening,isnottheawfulcrimethatithasbeenlabeled.Suchdishesstimulateratherthanretardcontractionsofthegallbladder.Thusitisthatbile(胆汁)mixeswiththenutrimentshortlyafteritleavesthestomach.
Wedon'tneedtoallowourfoodstuffstobecomeoilsoaked,butotherthanthat,thereseemstobenobasisforthewidelyheraldedprohibitionagainstthismethod.Butnotionsbecomefixed.Thefirstcondemnationprobablyrosebecausean"oracle"(圣贤)sufferedfromdyspepsia(消化不良)whichheascribedtosomefrieditemonthemenu.Thetheoryspread.Othersagreedwithhim,andafteratimethedoctrinebecameincorporatedinourtextbooks.Thebeliefisnowtraditionratherthanprovedfact.Itshouldhavebeenrefutedlongsince,asexperiencehasdemonstrateditsfalsity.
56.Thispassagefocuseson__________.
A.whytheskilletisahandypieceofkitchenequipment
B.thedigestibilityoffriedfoods
C.howtheexpertscanmisleadthepublicintheareaoffoodpreparation
D.whyfriedfoodshavelongbeenfrownedupon
57.Peopleengagedinactivelaboreatfriedfoodsbecause__________.
A.theyarehealthful
B.theyaremuchcheaper
C.theycanbeeasilydigested
D.theycanprovidethecaloriestheworkersneed
58.Theauthorimpliesthatthepublicshould__________.
A.preparesomefoodsbyfrying
B.avoidfriedfoodsifpossible
C.fryfoodsforadultsbutnotforchildren
D.prepareallfoodsbyfrying
59.Whentheauthorsaysthat"an'oracle'sufferedfromdyspepsiawhichheascribedtosomefrieditemonthemenu"heisbeing__________.
A.grateful
B.factual
C.sarcastic
D.humorous
60.Thepassagewasprobablytakenfrom__________.
A.amedicaljournal
B.apublicationaddressedtothegeneralpublic
C.aspeechatamedicalconvention
D.anadvertisementforcookingoil
PassageTwo
Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Inthesecondhalfofthetwentiethcentury,manycountriesoftheSouth(发展中国家)begantosendstudentstotheindustrializedcountriesforfurthereducation.Theyurgentlyneededsuppliesofhighlytrainedpersonneltoimplementaconceptofdevelopmentbasedonmodernization.
Butmanyofthesestudentsdecidedtostayoninthedevelopedcountrieswhentheyhadfinishedtheirtraining.Atthesametime,manyprofessionalswhodidreturnhomebutnolongerfeltateasetherealsodecidedtogobacktothecountrieswheretheyhadstudied.
Inthe1960s,someLatinAmericancountriestriedtosolvethisproblembysettingupspecial"return"programstoencouragetheirprofessionalstocomebackhome.TheseprogramsreceivedsupportfrominternationalbodiessuchastheInternationalOrganizationforMigration,whichin1974enabledover1,600qualifiedscientistsandtechnicianstoreturntoLatinAmerica.
Inthe1980sand1990s,"temporaryreturn"programsweresetupinordertomakethebestuseoftrainedpersonneloccupyingstrategicpositionsinthedevelopedcountries.ThisgaverisetotheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgram'sTransferofKnowledgethroughExpatriate(移居国外的)Nationals,whichencouragestechniciansandscientiststoworkintheirowncountriesforshortperiods.Butthebraindrain(人才流失)fromthesecountriesmaywellincreaseinresponsetothenewlawsoftheinternationalmarketinknowledge.
Recentstudiesforecastthatthemostdevelopedcountriesaregoingtoneedmoreandmorehighlyqualifiedprofessionalsaroundtwiceasmanyastheireducationalsystemswillbeabletoproduce,orsoitisthought.Asaresultthereisanurgentneedfordevelopingcountrieswhichsendstudentsabroadtogivepreferencetofieldswheretheyneedcompetentpeopletogivemuscletotheirowninstitutions,insteadofencouragingthetrainingofpeoplewhomaynotcomebackbecausetherearenoprofessionaloutletsforthem.AndthecountriesoftheSouthmustnotbecontentwithinstitutionalstructuresthatsimplytakebackprofessionalssentabroad,theymustintroduceflexibleadministrativeprocedurestoencouragethemtoreturn.Iftheydonotdothis,thebraindrainisboundtocontinue.
61.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrectaccordingtothepassage?
A.Thedevelopingcountriesbelievethatsendingstudentstotheindustrializedcountriesisagoodwaytomeettheirownneedsformodernization.
B.TheSouthAmericancountrieshavebeensendingstudentstodevelopedcountriessincethe1920s.
C.Manypeopletrainedabroadremaininthedevelopedcountriesinsteadofcomingbacktoservetheirhomecountries.
D.TheInternationalOrganizationforMigrationsuccessfullyhelpedmorethan1,600professionalstoreturntotheirowncountriesinasingleyear.
62.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthereasonswhythedevelopingcountriesarelosingtheirbrainpower?
A.Manyprofessionalsdidnotfeelcomfortableintheirhomecountriesaftertheyreturnedhome.
B."Temporaryreturn"programsencouragedprofessionalstoworkintheirhomecountriesforshortperiods.
C.Thenewlawsoftheinternationalmarketencourageknowledgetransfer.
D.Theprofessionalsfromthedevelopingcountrieshavebeentrainedinfieldswheretheycouldnotapplytheirknowledgetothebestadvantageintheirhomecountries.
63.Intheauthor'sopinion,thedevelopingcountriesshould__________.
A.keeptheirpresentadministrativeproceduressoastoensurethattheirstudentsreturnaftergraduation
B.cooperatemoreeffectivelywithinternationalorganizations
C.setupmorereturnprogramsundertheguidanceoftheUN
D.sendstudentsabroadinthefieldswheretheirknowledgeismorelikelytobemadefulluseofintheirowncountries
64.Accordingtothepassage,theproblemofthedevelopingcountrieswillcontinue__________.
A.aslongasthedevelopedcountriesneedmorequalifiedprofessionalsthantheycaneducatedomestically
B.aslongasthedevelopingcountriesarecontentwiththeirpresentinstitutionalstructures
C.unlessthosecountriesstopsendinglargenumberofstudentstobetrainedabroad
D.ifthehgovernmentsfailtomakeadministrativeadjustmentsconcerningthereturnproceduresoftheirprofessionals
65.Thebesttitleforthepassageis__________.
A.TheBrainDrainoftheDevelopingCountries
B.KnowledgeTransfer
C.TheTalentsfromtheDevelopingCountries
D.TheFailureofDevelopmentPrograms
【参考译文】
很长时间以来,人们都不喜欢油炸食品。
然而,长柄平底煎锅基本上是我们厨房里最方便、最有用的厨具。
[57]健壮的伐木工人以及其他从事体力劳动的人员,每天需要4000卡路里或者更多的热量,他们吃的食物中的有三分之一是用这种煎锅来烹饪的。
用煎锅烹制的肉、蛋和法式土司每天都会出现在千百万人家的餐桌上。
很明显,困扰这些食用者的不是消化不良的迹象越来越多,而是那些坚持只用烘、烤、煮的方法烹饪的人对他们的折磨。
数年前,一位非常着名的生理学家研究了油炸薯条的可消化性。
他发现,用平底锅烹制食物时,不用油炸要比油炸的更容易被吸收。
汪是,比起蒸煮过的食物,经过油炸的食物更容易在消化道里分解。
并且,当通过荧光检查仪观察胃里食物的消化过程时他还发现,实际上脂肪可加快消化的速度。
而现在这些发现都与“权威”说法相悖、营养方面的书籍汗牛充栋,其中油炸食品有害的权威说法随处可见——孩子绝对不能吃任何油炸食物。
一些书籍甚至完全禁止使用煎炸这种烹饪方式。
时不时还会有某位专家大胆地指出自己进行了亲身试验,但他吃了油炸食物身体却安然无恙的原因在于自己的胃功能强大。
当然,我们可以重复阅读这些好文章.直到感觉味同嚼蜡、无聊透顶。
但是(油炸)这种含有起酥油的彻底加热的方式,并不像之前人们所定义的那样糟糕。
这样的食物不仅不会阻碍胆囊收缩,反而会刺激其收缩。
这样,这些胆汁就能在营养物从胃里流出之后迅速与其混合。
[58]我们没有必要让我们的食品浸在油里,但与此相反:
油炸食品这个方法被广泛禁止好像也没有什么依据。
但是这一观念却根深蒂固。
[59]人们最初对油炸食品的非难,可能源自某位“圣贤”,这位前辈偶尔消化不良就认定是吃了菜单上某些油炸食品的结果。
于是他的这种论调传播开来。
不少人赞同他的观点,后来人们就把这种信条写入教科书了。
现在,这种信条是一种传统的定义,而不是经过验证的事实,这种信条早就该被推翻了,因为实践已经证明了它的荒谬。
【答案解析】
56.B
定位:
根据题干信息thispassagefocuseson可知解答本题需通观全文。
解析:
整篇文章谈论的主题是油炸食品是否易于消化。
第一段提到:
人们一直不喜欢油炸食品,因为据说这种食品不好消化,但科学家却发现,经过油炸的食物更容易在消化道里分解。
第二段提到:
人们反对油炸食品,说其会引起消化不良,是因为这种说法已经成为传统,但它却并非被证明了的事实,而实践已经证明了它的荒谬。
综上所述,这篇文章的主题就是medigestibilityoftriedfoods。
故选B。
57.D
定位:
根据题干信息peopleengagedinactivelabor可将答案定位到第一段第三句。
解析:
该句提到:
“健壮的伐木工人以及其他从事体力劳动的人员,每天需要4000卡路里或者更多的热量,他们吃的食物中约有三分之一是用这种煎锅来烹饪的。
”由此可知,从事体力劳动的人员需要吃油炸食物是因为这类食物能提供足够的热量。
故选D。
58.A
定位:
根据题干信息impliesthatthepublicshould可将答案定位到第二段第一句。
解析:
题干问作者对公众烹饪食品有何建议,作者在第一段提到,据实验证明,油炸食品非但不会导致消化不良,而且还
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英语四 阅读 模拟 试题 答案 解析
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)