广东省中山一中学年高三第一次质量检测考试英语试题19页.docx
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广东省中山一中学年高三第一次质量检测考试英语试题19页.docx
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广东省中山一中学年高三第一次质量检测考试英语试题19页
广东省中山一中2019-2020学年高三第一次质量检测考试英语试题
英语
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;毎小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
TheCostaBookAwardsconsistentlypickwinnersthatarebothofthemomentandsubsequentlyendure.It'sourpleasuretoconfirmthisyear'sCategoryWinners.
FirstNovelAwardWinner
Book:
EleanorOliphantisCompletelyFine
Author:
GailHoneyman
Eleanoris31yearsold;workfinishesonaFridayandbeginsagainonaMonday.Between,heronlycompanywillbetwobottlesofvodkaandherownsolitary,uniquewit(机智).Itiscontentment,ofakind,butanunexpectedsharedexperiencesuddenlyopensthedoortopossibility.Challengingreaderexpectationswithaliving,breathingcharacter,GailHoneyman'sdebutisafunnyandmovingdiamond.
BiographyAwardWinner
Book:
IntheDaysofRain
Author:
RebeccaStott
TheExclusiveBrethrenwereaclosedcommunitywhobelievedtheworldisruledbySatan.IntothisisbornRebecca.HerfatherhadbeenaninfluentialBrethrenMinister.Asherfatherlaydying,hebeggedhertohelphimwritethememoir(回忆录).HewantedtotellthestoryoftheirfamilywhoforgenerationshadallbeenmembersofafundamentalistChristiansect.
PoetryAwardWinner
Book:
InsidetheWave
Author:
HelenDunmore
Tobealiveistobeinsidethewave,alwaystravellinguntilitbreaksandisgone.Thesepoemsareconcernedwiththeborderlinebetweenthelivingandthedead—theunderworldandthehumanlivingworld—andtheacutelyintensebeingofboth.
Children'sAwardWinner
Book:
TheExplorer
Author:
KatherineRundell,HannahHorn
FourchildrensurvivetheiraircraftplungingintotheAmazonjungle,butforFredandhisfriendsit'sonlythebeginningofacruelbattleforsurvival.Brimmingwithadventureandarealcommandofcharacterandincident,Rundellhasfewpeersinsuperbchildren'sfiction.
1.WhatkindoflifedoesEleanorlead?
A.Boringandlonely.B.Funnyandtouching.C.Excitingandcomplex.D.Ordinaryandhappy.
2.WhydidRebeccaStottwriteIntheDaysofRain?
A.TointroducebeliefsoftheExclusiveBrethren.B.Tohelpherfatherfulfillhislastwish.
C.TosharethelifeoffundamentalistChristians.D.Topassonherfamilytraditions.
3.Forayoungadventuroussoul,whichbookseemsmoreappealing?
A.EleanorOliphantisCompletelyFine.B.IntheDaysofRain.
C.InsidetheWave.D.TheExplorer
B
My11-year-olddaughterhasbeenawardedanacademicscholarshiptoaprivateschool.It’sonlyasmalldiscount,butthescholarshipmeansshe'llskipthewaitinglist—providedmyhusbandandIcancover$20,000ayear.Shouldwepaytheprivateschoolfees,orchoosefreeeducationinstead?
Ialwaysassumedmychildrenwouldgotoaprivateschool,likeIdid.Notbecausemyfamilyiswealthy,butbecauseIbelievethatthebesteducationisprivate.Ittookyearsformetomakepeacewiththefactthatmytwochildrenattendedourlocalpublicprimaryschool.They'llgotoaprivatehighschool,Itoldmyself.Yethereweare.Myeldestisnowinherlastyearofprimaryschool,andmyhusbandandIwillstruggletoaffordprivateschool.Ifso,Icouldincreasemyworkhours.Mylawdegreewassupposedtobemytickettoagoodjobandasolidincome,butthat'snotquitehowitturnedout.
Duringmanysleeplessnights,Ifelttroubledbythedecision.AlthoughIwantthebestformydaughter,Ihavemyowndreamstoo.Ican'tsacrificeeverythingformypreciousgirl.IexplainthatIwanttobeapositiverolemodelformydaughter,andanunhappyparentisaterriblestrainonafamily.Ipointoutthatnoteventheprivilegeofprivateschoolwillprotectmychildrenfromdisappointmentorstruggle.Andfinally,it'sdecided.Mydaughterisgoingtothepublicschoolbehindourhome.Shecouldn'tbemorepleased.
It'stakenmealittlelonger,butnowI'mcontent.Morethanmyfancyprivateschooleducation,it'smyfamilythatshapedme.Withhighschoolnow25yearsinthepast,IcannolongerrememberthemathematicalproblemsandShakespeareanquotesIonceknewsoperfectly.Thelessonsfrommychildhoodhome,however,haveprovedimpossibletoforget.
4.Fromthepassageweknowthat__________________.
A.thescholarshipherdaughterwoncouldcovermostofherschoolfees
B.hertwochildrenattendedtheirlocalprivateprimaryschool.
C.thewriterhadagoodjobandasolidincome.
D.Ittookalongtimeforhertomakethefinaldecision.
5Whydidthewriterwantherdaughtertogotoaprivateschoolatfirst?
A.Becauseherdaughterearnedanacademicscholarship.
B.Becauseshewantedherdaughtertoreceivethebesteducation.
C.Becauseshewantedherdaughtertoskipthewaitinglist.
D.Becauseherdaughter’spotentialwaswastedatthepublicprimaryschool.
6.Theunderlinedword“strain”inparagraph3refersto_______.
A.angerB.comfortC.burdenD.relief
7.Whatdoesthepassageindicate?
A.Parentsshouldmakeeverysacrificefortheirchildren.
B.Financeshouldbetakenintoaccountwhenitcomestoeducation.
C.Privateschooleducationisnotasgoodaspublicschooleducation.
D.Ratherthanschooleducation,familyinfluencesapersonmost.
C
Scientistshavefoundlivingorganismstrappedincrystals(晶体)thatcouldbe50,000yearsold.
Theorganismswerefoundinahot,butbeautifulcavesysteminNaica,Mexico.Theseancientlifeformscanbeseenonlywithamicroscope.PenelopeBoston,wholeadstheAstrobiologyInstituteatNASA,thespaceagencyoftheUnitedStates,saystheancientmicrobeswereabletolivebyeatingmineralssuchasiron.
ShespokeaboutthediscoveryrecentlyatameetingoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.Ifthefindingsareconfirmed,theywillshowhowmicrobescansurviveinextremeconditions.Fortydifferentkindsofmicrobesandsomeviruseswerefoundintheundergroundarea.Thegeneticstructuresoftheseorganismsare10percentdifferentfromthoseoftheirnearestrelatives.
ThecavesinNaicaare800kilometersdeep.Theywereonceusedformininglead.Beforetheminersbeganworkinginthecaves,theareawasseparatedfromthesurfaceandtheoutsideworld.SomeofthecavesareasbigasthelargereligiouscentersbuiltduringEurope'sMiddleAges.Therearecrystalscoveringthewalls.Thecavesaresohotthatscientistsmustwearspecialclothingtokeepcool.Theclothingkeepsthecrystalssafefromhumangerms(病菌)orotherdamage.Bostonsaidtheresearcherscouldonlyworkforabout20minutesatatimebeforetheyhadtogotoaroomthatwas38degreesCelsiustocooldown.
NASAofficialswouldnotletBostonshareherfindingswithscientificexpertsbeforelastweek'sannouncement.Soscientistscouldnotsaymuchaboutthefindings.ButNorineNoonan,abiologistwiththeUniversityofSouthFlorida,saidshebelievedthem."Whyarewesurprised?
"Noonanasked."Asabiologist,Iwouldsaylifeonearthisextremelytoughandextremelycolorful."
Bostonisalsostudyingmicrobescommonlyfoundinsidecavesinothercountries,suchasUkraineandtheUnitedStates.Thesemicrobesappeartobeimpossibletokill.Bostonsaidtheyshowhowdifficultlifeonearthcanbe.
8.Theexistenceoftheancientmicrobesrelieson________.
A.surroundinginsectsB.diverseplantsC.eatingmineralsD.absorbingair
9.WhatcanweinferaboutthecavesinNaicafromthepassage?
A.Thewallsarecoveredbycrystals.
B.Thetemperatureinthecavesisquitelow.
C.Thecaveshavebeenexploredsincetheywereformed.
D.Theenvironmentinthecavesisdifficulttoadaptto.
10.WhatisthebiologistNorineNoonan’sattitudetowardsthefindings?
A.CriticalB.PositiveC.DoubtfulD.Indifferent
11.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Livingorganismsbringhopetoscientificresearch.
B.Scientistsdiscover50,000-year-oldsuperlifeinMexico.
C.Microbesshowgreatpowertosurviveinterribleconditions.
D.Cavesprovidelivingenvironmentforlivingorganisms.
D
Toerrishuman.Toblametheotherguyisevenmorehuman.
Commonsenseisnotallthatcommon.
Whytellthetruthwhenyoucancomeupwithagoodexcuse?
Thesethreepopularmisquotesaremeanttobejokes,andyettheytellusalotabouthumannature.Toerr,ortomakemistakes,isindeedapartofbeinghuman,butitseemsthatmostpeopledon'twanttoaccepttheresponsibilityfortheproblem.Perhapsitisthenaturalthingtodo.Theoriginalquoteabouthumannaturewentlikethis,"Toerrishuman,toforgiveisdivine(神圣的)."Thissayingmirrorsanideal:
Peopleshouldbeforgivingofothers'mistakes.Instead,wetendtodotheopposite—findsomeoneelsetopasstheblameonto.However,takingresponsibilityforsomethingthatwentwrongisamakingofgreatmaturity.
Commonsenseiswhatwecallclearthought.Havingcommonsensemeanshavingagoodgeneralplanthatwillmakethingsworkwell,anditalsomeansstayingwiththeplan.Commonsensetellsyouthatyoutakeanumbrellaoutintoarainstorm,butyouleavetheumbrellahomewhenyouhearaweatherforecastforsunshine.Commonsensedoesnotseemtobecommonforlargeorganizations,becausetherearesomanythingsgoingonthatonepersoncannotbeinchargeofeverything.Peoplesaythatinalargecompany,"therighthanddoesnotknowwhatthelefthandisdoing."
Andwhatiswrongwithasocietythatthinksthatmakingupagoodexcuseislikecreatingaworkofart?
Oneofthecommonproblemswithmakingexcusesisthatpeople,especiallyyoungpeople,gettheideathatit'sokaynottobetotallyhonestallthetime.Thereisacorollary(推论)tothat:
Ifagoodexcuseis"good"evenifitisn'thonest,thenwhereistheplaceofthetruth?
12
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