考研英语二阅读真题及答案.docx
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考研英语二阅读真题及答案.docx
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考研英语二阅读真题及答案
考研英语二阅读真题及答案
英语二
SectionⅡReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
EverySaturdaymorning,at9am,morethan50,000runnerssetofftorun5kmaroundtheirlocalpark.TheParkrunphenomenonbeganwithadozenfriendsandhasinspired400eventsintheUKandmoreabroad.Eventsarefree,staffedbythousandsofvolunteers.Runnersrangefromfouryearsoldtograndparents;theirtimesrangefromAndrewBaddeley’sworldrecord13minutes48secondsuptoanhour.
ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon’sOlympic“legacy”isfailing.TenyearsagoonMonday,itwasannouncedthattheGamesofthe30thOlympiadwouldbeinLondon.PlanningdocumentspledgedthatthegreatlegacyoftheGameswouldbetolevelanationofsportloversawayfromtheircouches。
Thepopulationwouldbefitter,healthierandproducemorewinners.Ithasnothappened.Thenumberofadultsdoingweeklysportdidrise,bynearly2millionintherun—upto2012—butthegeneralpopulationwasgrowingfaster.Worse,thenumbersarenowfallingatanacceleratingrate.Theoppositionclaimsprimaryschoolpupilsdoingatleasttwohoursofsportaweekhavenearlyhalved.Obesityhasrisenamongadultsandchildren.OfficialretrospectionscontinueastowhyLondon2012failedto“inspireageneration.”ThesuccessofParkrunoffersanswers。
Parkunisnotaracebutatimetrial:
Youronlycompetitoristheclock.Theethoswelcomesanybody.Thereisasmuchjoyoverapuffed-outfirst-timerbeingclappedoverthelineasthereisabouttoptalentshining.TheOlympicbidders,bycontrast,wantedtogetmorepeopledoingsportsandtoproducemoreeliteathletes.Thedualaimwasmixedup:
Thestressonsuccessovertakingpartwasintimidatingfornewcomers.
Indeed,thereissomethingalittleabsurdinthestategettinginvolvedintheplanningofsuchafundamentally“grassroots”,conceptascommunitysportsassociations.Ifthereisaroleforgovernment,itshouldreallybegettinginvolvedinprovidingcommongoods—makingsurethereisspaceforplayingfieldsandthemoneytopavetennisandnetballcourts,andencouragingtheprovisionofalltheseactivitiesinschools.Butsuccessivegovernmentshavepresidedoversellinggreenspaces,squeezingmoneyfromlocalauthoritiesanddecliningattentiononsportineducation。
Insteadofwordy,worthystrategies,futuregovernmentsneedtodomoretoprovidetheconditionsforsporttothrive.Oratleastnotmakethemworse.
1.AccordingtoParagraph1,Parkrunhas______.
[A]gainedgreatpopularity
[B]createdmanyjobs
[C]strengthenedcommunityties
[D]becomeanofficialfestival
【答案】A
【解析】答案为A。
通过题干可以定位在第一段,可以通过,每天超过五万人跑步、引发了400场运动在英国和在国外等信息得知,公园跑很受欢迎。
2.TheauthorbelievesthatLondon’sOlympic“legacy”hasfailedto______.
[A]boostpopulationgrowth
[B]promotesportparticipation
[C]improvethecity’simage
[D]increasesporthoursinschools
【答案】B
【解析】答案为B。
通过题干伦敦和奥林匹克遗产可以定位到第二段,题目问的是伦敦奥运会的遗产没有做成什么事,题干中的failedto可以对应第二段即使看到了failing,但并没有答案。
再往下看,伦敦奥运会承诺,人口将会更健康、更多冠军,但这并没有发生,nothapped才真正对应failedto.
3.ParkrunisdifferentfromOlympicgamesinthatit______.
[A]aimsatdiscoveringtalents
[B]focusesonmasscompetition
[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism
[D]doesnotattractfirst-timers
【答案】C
【解析】答案为C。
这道题定位在第三段的中间,奥林匹克的倡导者相反,想要更多的参与运动创造更多的精英。
4.Withregardtomasssport,theauthorholdsthatgovernmentsshould______.
[A]organize“grassroots”sportsevents
[B]superviselocalsportsassociations
[C]increasefundsforsportsclubs
[D]investinpublicsportsfacilities
【答案】D
【解析】答案为D。
提到大众体育,作者认为政府应该投资公共的体育设施。
政府在第四段的中间,讲到政府应该训练的空间、用钱去铺设网球场。
这里是答案的同意转换。
5.Theauthor’sattitudetowhatUKgovernmentshavedoneforsportsis______.
[A]tolerant
[B]critical
[C]uncertain
[D]sympathetic
【答案】B
【解析】答案为B。
最后一段but转折后说,继任的政府卖绿地、减少本地政府的预算同时减少在体育方面的关注度,所以持批判态度。
Text2
Withsomuchfocusonchildren'suseofscreens,it'seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreenuse.“Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin,”saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigitalplay,“anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement.Itmakesithardtodisengage,andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine.”
Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesandtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpairsafood-testingexercise.Shefoundthatmotherswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.Duringaseparateobservation,shesawthatphonesbecameasourceoftensioninthefamily.Parentswouldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention.
Infantsarewiredtolookatparents'facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive—astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice—itcanbeextremelydisconcertingfoethechildren.Radeskycitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”devisedbydevelopmentalpsychologistEdTronickinthe1970s.Init,amotherisaskedtointeractwithherchildinanormalwaybeforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedback;Thechildbecomesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermother'sattention.“Parentsdon'thavetobeexquisitelyparentsatalltimes,butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild'sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed,”saysRadesky.
Ontheotherhand,Tronickhimselfisconcernedthattheworriesaboutkids'useofscreensarebornoutofan"oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting"withtheirchildren:
“It'sbasedonasomewhatfantasized,verywhite,veryupper-middle-classideologythatsaysifyou'refailingtoexposeyourchildto30,000wordsyouareneglectingthem.”Tronickbelievesthatjustbecauseachildisn'tlearningfromthescreendoesn'tmeanthere'snovaluetoit—particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower,dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild.Parents,hesays,cangetalotoutofusingtheirdevicestospeaktoafriendorgetsomeworkoutoftheway.Thiscanmakethemfeelhappier,whichletsthenbemoreavailabletotheirchildtherestofthetime.
26.AccordingtoJennyRadesky,digitalproductsaredesignedto______.
[A]simplifyroutinematters
[B]absorbuserattention
[C]betterinterpersonalrelations
[D]increaseworkefficiency
【答案】B
【解析】答案为B。
细节题。
根据题原文第一段“……digitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement.”可知,B选项中absorb和promote对应,userattention和engagement对应。
27.Radesky'sfood-testingexerciseshowsthatmothers'useofdevices______.
[A]takesawaybabies'appetite
[B]distractschildren'sattention
[C]slowsdownbabies'verbaldevelopment
[D]reducesmother-childcommunication
【答案】D
【解析】答案为D。
细节题。
根据原文第二段“Shefoundthatmotherswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.”可知,D选项中reducecommunication和startedfewerverbalandfewernonverbalinteractions对应。
28.Radesky'scitesthe"stillfaceexperiment"toshowthat_______.
[A]itiseasyforchildrentogetusedtoblankexpressions
[B]verbalexpressionsareunnecessaryforemotionalexchange
[C]childrenareinsensitivetochangesintheirparents'mood
[D]parentsneedtorespondtochildren'semotionalneeds
【答案】D
【解析】答案为D。
例证题。
根据原文第三段“……thereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild'sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed”可知,D选项中needtorespondtochildren'semotionalneeds和本句同意替换。
因此D选项是正确选项。
29.TheoppressiveideologymentionedbyTronickrequiresparentsto_______.
[A]protectkidsfromexposuretowildfantasies
[B]teachtheirkidsatleast30,000wordsayear
[C]ensureconstantinteractionwiththeirchildren
[D]remainconcernedaboutkid'suseofscreens
【答案】C
【解析】答案为C。
细节题。
根据原文第四段“……oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteractingwiththeirchildren.”可知,C选项中constantinteraction与alwaysbeinteracting同义替换,因此C选项是正确选项。
30.AccordingtoTronick,kid'suseofscreensmay_______.
[A]givetheirparentssomefreetime
[B]maketheirparentsmorecreative
[C]helpthemwiththeirhomework
[D]helpthembecomemoreattentive
【答案】A
【解析】答案为A。
细节题。
根据原文第四段“……particularlyifitgivesparentstimetohaveashower,dohouseworkorsimplyhaveabreakfromtheirchild.”可知,A选项givetheirparentssomefreetime和givesparentstime同义替换。
Text3
Today,widespreadsocialpressuretoimmediatelygotocollegeinconjunctionwithincreasinglyhighexpectationsinafast-movingworldoftencausesstudentstocompletelyoverlookthepossibilityoftakingagapyear.Afterall,ifeveryoneyouknowisgoingtocollegeinthefall,itseemssillytostaybackayear,doesn'tit?
Andaftergoingtoschoolfor12years,itdoesn'tfeelnaturaltospendayeardoingsomethingthatisn'tacademic.
Butwhilethismaybetrue,it'snotagoodenoughreasontocondemngapyears.There'salwaysaconstantfearoffallingbehindeveryoneelseonthesociallyperpetuated"racetothefinishline,"whetherthatbetowardgraduateschool,medicalschoolorlucrativecareer.Butdespitecommonmisconceptions,agapyeardoesnothinderthesuccessofacademicpursuits-infact,itprobablyenhancesit.
StudiesfromtheUnitedStatesandAustraliashowthatstudentswhotakeagapyeararegenerallybetterpreparedforandperformbetterincollegethanthosewho
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