新高考英语二轮复习英语示范卷3.docx
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新高考英语二轮复习英语示范卷3.docx
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新高考英语二轮复习英语示范卷3
英语示范卷(三)
(时间:
100分钟,满分:
120分)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A(2020山东新高考命题研究专家原创)
Canadiansareblessedwithanabundanceofnaturalwonderswithenoughlakes,mountainsandriverstoexploreforalifetime.We'vealsogotsomeofthemostamazingwaterfallsonEarth.
HorseshoeFalls—NiagaraFalls,Ontario
NiagaraFallsarethemostfamouswaterfallsinCanada—andunderstandablyso.Actuallytheyaremadeupofthreedifferentfalls,andthefittinglynamedHorseshoeFallsistheonlyonelocatedontheCanadianside,whichisthemostpowerfulinNorthAmerica.Multipleviewingoptionsareavailableincludingtouristshipsandsightseeingbuses.
Nailicho(VirginiaFalls)—NahanniNationalParkReserve,NorthwestTerritories
CominginattwicetheheightofNiagaraFalls,thismassivewaterfallislocatedontheSouthNahanniRiverintheNorthwestTerritories.Theremotelocationmeansitreceivesonlyabout1,000visitorsperyearwhomustmaketheirwaybyeitherboatorfloatplane.
TakakkawFalls—YohoNationalPark,BritishColumbia
TakakkawtranslatedfromCreelooselymeans“themagnificent(壮丽的)”,andit'sasuitablewordforthesecondhighestwaterfallinCanada.Afterasteepdriveupawindingroad,TakakkawFallsisonlyashortdistancefromtheparkinglotalongawheelchairaccessiblepath.
BridalVeilFalls—BridalVeilFallsProvincialPark,BritishColumbia
Prettyanddelicate,BridalVeilFallsislocatedjusteastofChilliwack,BritishColumbia,andreallydoeslooklikeitsname,withwatergentlypouringoversmoothrock.Aneasy15minutewalktothewaterfalltakesyouthroughrichleaves.Tablesareavailabletohaveamealoutdoors,andtherearelotsofopportunitiesforviewingwildlifealongtheway.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文,主题语境是“人与自然”,介绍了加拿大的一些令人惊叹的瀑布。
1.WhatdoweknowaboutHorseshoeFalls?
A.Itiseasilyaccessible.
B.Itconsistsofthreefalls.
C.Itlimitstouristnumbers.
D.ItcrossesNorthAmerica.
A [考查细节理解。
根据第一个小标题下的“Multipleviewingoptionsareavailableincludingtouristshipsandsightseeingbuses”可知,欣赏马蹄瀑布有多种选择,其中包括游船和游览巴士,故马蹄瀑布的交通便利,很容易就可以到达。
]
2.HowcanvisitorsgotoTakakkawFalls?
A.Bytouristship. B.Bycablecar.
C.Byfloatplane.D.Bycar.
D [考查细节理解。
根据第三个小标题下的“Afterasteepdriveupawindingroad,TakakkawFallsisonlyashortdistancefromtheparkinglotalongawheelchairaccessiblepath”可知,游客可以驾车前往Takakkaw瀑布。
]
3.WhatcanvisitorsdoinBridalVeilFalls?
A.Swim.B.Camp.
C.Picnic.D.Hunt.
C [考查细节理解。
根据最后一个小标题下的“Tablesareavailabletohaveamealoutdoors”可知,游客在新娘面纱瀑布可以进行野餐,故选C。
]
B
Twentyfourtrains,ninecountries,13,500miles.TheyarethenumbersbehindtheheroicroundtriponemantookfromSouthamptonintheUKtoeasternChina.
RogerTyers,37,usedover$2,500,whichwasalmosttwicemorethanthecostofareturnflight,totraveltotheChineseportcityNingboforacademicresearchinMay,2019.Themanspentamonthonboard15trainsduringthefirstlegofhisroundtrip.Itwastheclimatecrisis,notaloveoftrains,thatdrovethesociologisttochoosethiscomplicatedrouteoverareturnflight.HestoppedflyingwhenUNclimateexpertswarnedthattheworldhadlessthan11yearstoavoidterriblelevelsofglobalwarming.TyerscalculatedthathistrainjourneytoChinaproducedalmost90%lessemissionsthanareturnflight.
Tyersisnottheonlypersontoavoidairtravelinresponsetoclimatechange.Thousandsofpeopleworldwidehavepubliclypromisedtostopflying.ActivistMajaRosenlaunchedthe“FlightFree”campaigninSwedenwiththegoalofencouraging100,000peoplenottoflyforoneyear.Althoughonlyaround14,000peoplesignedtheonline“#flightfree2019”pledge(保证),Rosen,whostoppedflying12yearsago,saysthatthecampaignhadmademorepeopleworryabouttheclimatecrisisandawareofharmoftravelbyairandmotivatedthemtotrynewwaysoftravelling.
AccordingtoasurveyreleasedinMay2019bySwedishRailways(SJ),37%ofrespondentschosetotravelbytraininsteadofbyplanewherepossible,comparedto20%atthestartof2018.AnSJspokespersonsaid:
“Railtravelhasbeenaugmentedduetotheworries.”DomesticpassengernumbersinJulyfellby12%comparedtothepreviousyear,accordingtoSwedavia,acompanywhichoperatesSweden's10busiestairports.
“Thecollectivepledgehelpsfightthesenseofhopelessnessmanypeoplefeelwhenitcomestotacklingclimatechange”,Rosensaid.“Oneoftheproblemsisthatpeoplefeelthere'snopointinwhatyoudoasanindividual.Thecampaignisaboutmakingpeopleawarethatifwedothistogether,wecanactuallybringchanges.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻类记叙文,主题语境是“人与自然”。
社会学家RogerTyers乘坐了24列火车,穿越了9个国家,花了一个月时间才到达中国宁波。
他这样做不是出于对火车的喜爱,而是因为气候危机。
如今,很多人已经加入不再乘飞机出行的行列。
4.HowmanytrainsdidRogerTyerstakeinhistripfromChinatotheUK?
A.9.B.15.
C.24.D.30.
A [考查细节理解。
根据第一段“Twentyfourtrains,ninecountries...roundtriponemantookfromSouthamptonintheUKtoeasternChina”和第二段的“Themanspentamonthonboard15trainsduringthefirstleg”可知,RogerTyers往返两地一共乘坐24列火车,前往中国坐了15列,故回程乘坐9列火车。
]
5.Whatdoes“augmented”underlinedinParagraph4mean?
A.Reduced.B.Adjusted
C.Boosted.D.Applied.
C [考查词义猜测。
根据上文对RogerTyers坐火车出行的描述以及画线词前的“37%ofrespondentschosetotravelbytraininsteadofbyplanewherepossible,comparedto20%atthestartof2018”可知,由于对气候变化的担心,更多人选择低碳的火车出行方式,因此火车旅行得到了发展。
]
6.Whatdoyouknowaboutthe“FlightFree”campaign?
A.Itimpactedthedevelopmentoftourism.
B.ItwasstronglysupportedbytheSwedish.
C.Itaimedtowarnofthedangerofflying.
D.Itinspiredpeople'sconfidencetomakeadifference.
D [考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Thecollectivepledgehelpsfightthesenseofhopelessnessmanypeoplefeelwhenitcomestotacklingclimatechange”“Thecampaignisaboutmakingpeopleawarethatifwedothistogether,wecanactuallybringchanges”可知,这次运动有助于消除人们应对气候变化时的无助感,使人们意识到大家一起做便会有作用,故选D项。
]
7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?
A.Travel.B.Environment.
C.Education.D.Lifestyle.
B [考查文章出处。
综合全文内容可知,本文通过RogerTyers乘火车参加学术会议这件事引出低碳出行以应对气候危机这一话题,因此属于环境这一范畴。
]
C(2020山东新高考名校联考)
Anyonewhogoestoandoffworkbycarknowsthattrafficjamsareanunavoidablepartoflife.Buthumansarenotalone.Antsalsotravelregularlybetweentheirnestandsourcesoffood.Thesurvivaloftheirgroupsdependsondoingthisefficiently.
Forhumans,there'sapointatwhichcarsbecomedense(密集的)enoughtoslowdowntheflowoftraffic,causingtrafficjams.Motsch,AssistantProfessoratArizonaStateUniversity,andhiscolleagueswantedtoknowifthesameistrueofants.Sotheycontrolledtrafficdensity(密度)byconstructingbridgesofvariouswidthsbetweenagroupofArgentineantsandasourceoffood.Thentheywaitedandwatched.Butitappearsthatjamshaveneverhappened.Theynever,atonepoint,juststopped.Theyalwaysmanagedtoavoidtrafficjams.
Theflowofantsdidincreaseinitiallyasantsstartedtofillthebridgeandthenleveledoff.Butitneversloweddown,evenwhenthebridgewasnearlyfullofants.Theresearchersthentookacloserlookathowthebehaviorofeachindividualantimpactedtrafficasawhole.Thatmeantcarefullytrackingthousandsofseparateantsastheymadetheirwayacrossthebridge.Motschandhisteamfoundthatwhenantssensedovercrowding,theyadjustedtheirspeedsandavoidedenteringhighdensityareas,whichpreventedjams.Antsalsomanagedtoavoidcollidingwitheachotherathighdensityareas,whichcouldreallyslowthemdown.
Canantshelpussolveourowntrafficproblems?
Notlikely,saysMotsch.That'sbecausewhenitcomestogettingfrompointAtopointBasfastaspossible,humandriversputtheirowngoalsfirst.Antshavetobemorecooperative(配合的)inordertofeedthegroup.Buttheresearchcouldbeusefulinoptimizing(使最优化)thetrafficflowforselfdrivingcars,whichcanbedesignedtobemorelikeants.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文,主题语境是“人与自然”。
开车上下班的人都知道交通堵塞是生活中不可避免的一部分。
蚂蚁也有类似的往返行为,它们往返于巢穴和食物来源之间。
研究发现蚂蚁总能避免交通堵塞。
8.WhatdoesMotsch'sinitialexperimentintendtofindaboutants?
A.Whyantsslowdowntheflowoftraffic.
B.Howantsavoidtrafficjams.
C.Howantspassbridgesofvariouswidths.
D.Whetherantsgetjammedintraffic.
D [考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Motsch...andhiscolleagueswantedtoknowifthesameistrueofants.Sothey...Theyalwaysmanagedtoavoidtrafficjams”可知,Motsch和他的同事们想了解蚂蚁在活动中是否有交通堵塞问题。
]
9.Whatdoestheunderlined“it”inParagraph3referto?
A.Theant.B.Theflow.
C.Thebridge.D.Thejam.
B [考查代词指代。
根据语境可知,此处指的是上文的“Theflowofants”,这里是说蚂蚁队伍的活动从来没有减慢过。
故选B项。
]
10.Whyisithardtosolvehumans'trafficproblemslikeants?
A.Duetoheavytrafficflows.
B.Duetotoomanyvehicles.
C.Duetolackofcommongoals.
D.Duetocollisionswithothers.
C [考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“That'sbecausewhenitcomestogettingfrompointAtopointBasfastaspossible,humandriversputtheirowngoalsfirst.Antshavetobemorecooperative(配合的)inordertofeedthegroup”可知,人类驾驶员不像蚂蚁一样有共同的目标,因此才让交通堵塞问题解决起来很麻烦。
]
11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.Teamwork:
KeytoSolvingTrafficJams
B.Ants:
ExpertsatAvoidingTrafficJams
C.Study:
SimilarBehaviorsofManandAnts
D.Findings:
ReasonsforAnts'NotGettingBlocked
B [考查标题判断。
研究人员在蚁群和食物来源之间建造不同宽度的桥梁,他们发现蚂蚁总能设法避免交通堵塞,所以B项最适合作文章标题。
]
D(2020滨州市名校联合质检)
Fallenfeathersmayappearharmless,butsmallinsectsinBrazilshouldthinktwiceaboutapproachingthem.NewresearchsuggestsBrazilianPheidoleoxyopsantssometimesplacefeathersaroundtheirundergroundnest'ssingleentranceaslures(诱饵)forothercreatures,whichthenfallin.
InácioGomes,anecologistattheFederalUniversityofVicosainBrazil,hadneverseenanydescriptioninscientificstudiesofants'buildingtraps.Hefirstnoticedfeathersaroundantnestentrancesincityparksandonhiscollegecampus,andhefo
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