新编大学英语教材四课后答案.docx
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新编大学英语教材四课后答案.docx
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新编大学英语教材四课后答案
Unit1LeisureActivities
Post-Reading
ReadingComprehension
1.UnderstandingtheOrganizationoftheText
Para.1-3
Humorisuniversal,butpeople’ssenseofhumorvaries.
Para.4.
Evenanimalshaveasenseofhumor.Theauthor’sdogisagoodexample.
Para.5
Thetypicalthreepartsofajoke:
1)setup,2)body,3)punchline.
Para.6-12
Differentformsofhumor:
1)slap-stick,2)Chinesecross-talk,3)aplayonwords,4)punsanddoubleentendres.
Para.13
Humorwillpersisteventhoughsomeprofessionalhumoriststhinktoday’shumorisnotveryintelligentorsophisticated.
2.UnderstandingSpecificInformation
1)B2)D3)C4)A5)C6)A7)A8)D9)B10)B
Vocabulary
1.1)A.entertainingB.entertainmentC.entertainedD.entertainer
2)A.recognizableB.recognizedC.recognition
3)A.temptingB.temptationC.tempt
4)A.reasonedB.reasoningC.reasonableD.reason
5)A.analyzedB.analyticalC.analystD.analysis
6)A.valuableB.valuationC.valued/valuesD.values
7)A.humoristB.humorC.humorousD.humorless
8)A.understandableB.understandingC.understandD.misunderstood
2.1)asenseofresponsibility2)asenseofsafety/security3)asenseofinferiority
4)asenseofsuperiority5)asenseofrhythm6)asenseofjustice
7)asenseofshame8)asenseofhelplessness9)asenseofdirection
10)asenseofurgency
3.1)mischief2)sense3)end4)successful5)contacted
6)individually7)response8)answer9)directly10)followed
Translation
1)Livelybehaviorisnormal
2)FastcarsappealtoJohn
3)diversearguments
4)Iaskedmybossforclarification
5)verysensitivetolight
6)Mutualencouragement
7)madefunofhim
8)persistsinhisopinion/viewpoint
9)tobethefocus/centerofattention
10)webuyourticketsinadvance
Unit2ThePowerofWords
Post-Reading
ReadingComprehension
1.RecognizingtheOrganizationoftheText
1)ThesignificanceofDonWolfe’snotes.
—DonWolfe’supliftingnotesmadetheauthorconfidentandmanyothersfeelgood.
3)Someverybusypeoplewritenotesandbenefitfromthispractice,forexample,GeorgeBushandsometopcorporatemanagerslikeDonaldPeterson.
5)Conclusion:
Anupliftingnotemakesboththereceiverandthesenderfeelgood.
2.1)F 2)F 3)T4)F 5)T 6)F 7)T 8)F 9)T 10)T
11)T 12)T
Vocabulary
1.CreatingCompoundWords
STEPONE:
Thecompoundwordscreated
upbeat,uplift
drawback
handwritten
rag-eared
ever-ready
overdue
self-conscious
milestone
typewriter,typewritten
well-wishing,well-written
STEPTWO:
1)upbeat/uplifting2)ever-ready3)overdue4)typewriter
5)milestone6)handwritten7)uplifted8)self-conscious9)rag-eared
10)drawbacks
2.1)A.intriguedv.interest
B.intriguesn.theactorpracticeofsecretlyplanningtoharmsomeoneormakethemlosetheirpositionofpower
2)A.strainingv.tryveryhardtodosomethingusingallyourphysicalormentalstrength
B.strainn.aforcethatstretches,pullsorputspressureonsomething
3)A.savorn.taste;flavor
B.savoredv.enjoythetasteorflavorof;enjoyasmuchasyoucan
4)A.treasurev.treatsomethingasbeingveryspecial,important,orvaluable
B.treasuren.astoreofgold,silver,jewels,etc.
5)A.creditedv.consider…ashavingachievedsomethingorbeingthereasonforit
B.creditn.trust;faith
6)A.boostn.anencouragingactofcheeringsomebodyup
B.boostv.makesomeonefeelmoreconfidentandlessworried
7)A.noten.ashort,usuallyinformal,letter
B.notedv.noticeorpaycarefulattentiontosomething
8)A.signedv.writeyoursignatureonaletterordocumenttoshowthatyouwroteit,agreedwithit
B.signn.gestureusedtoexpressone’smeaning,idea,etc.
9)A.stuffedv.fillsomethingwithasubstance
B.stuffn.substanceormaterial
10)A.countn.thenumberthatisreachedwhensomethingisbeingcounted
B.countv.beimportant
11)A.complimentedv.expresspraiseoradmirationofsomebody
B.complimentn.anexpressionofpraise,admiration,approval,etc.
12)A.floodn.alargenumberoramount
B.floodingv.arriveinlargenumbers
3.column:
1)D2)A3)B4)C
tough:
1)D2)B3)E4)F5)C6)A
5.
1)A.complementaryB.complimentaryC.complimentary
complimentary:
1)expressingadmiration,praise,etc.
2)givenfreeofcharge
complementary:
makingsomethingcompleteorperfect;supplyingwhatislackingorneededforcompletion
2)A.stationeryB.stationaryC.stationary
stationary:
notmoving,ornotchanging
stationery:
writingmaterials(e.g.paper,envelopes,etc.)
3)A.typistB.typewriterC.typist
typewriter:
amachinewithakeyboardthatyouusefortypingwordsdirectlyontoasheetofpaper
typist:
apersonwhotypes,especiallyoneemployedtodoso
4)A.vulgarB.vagueC.vague
vague:
1)notclearlyexpressed,known,describedordecided
2)notclearinshape;notclearlyseen
vulgar:
nothavingorshowinggoodtasteorgoodmanners;noteducated
5)A.padB.patC.pad
pad:
1)severalsheetsofpaperfastenedtogether,usedforwriting,drawing,etc.
2)apieceofsoftthickclothorrubberwhichisusedtoprotectapartofthebody,giveshapetosomethingorcleansomething
6)A.ownB.owedC.owesD.owned
owe:
1)havetopay,forsomethingalreadydoneorgiven
2)feelgrateful
own:
1)a.belongingtooneselfandtonooneelse
2)v.possess(something),especiallybylawfulright
5.
1)solution2)wasted3)hidden4)subject5)noise
6)extra7)purchased8)replaced9)appreciation10)strange
Translation
1)themaindrawbackwiththistypeofsearchengine
2)She’sverygenerouswithhertime
3)Theywillneverbemorethanacasualacquaintance
4)Hedoubtedthatthecarwashers
5)theywillremaininthememoryforever
6)Inaworldtoooftenfilledwithuncertainties
7)Ayearaheadofthepredictionbythesearchgroup
8)Solongasshedoesn’tmakeahabitofit
Unit3GenderDifferences
Post-Reading
ReadingComprehension
1.UnderstandingtheOrganizationoftheText
1)Introduction(Para.1)
Ithasbeenprovenrepeatedlythatthevarioustypesofbehavior,emotions,andintereststhat
constitutebeingmasculineandfemininearepatternedbybothheredityandculture.
2)Thereisaculturalbiasineducationthatfavorsboysovergirls.(Para.2-4)
Supportingevidence:
A.Teacherscalledonmalesinclassfarmorethanonfemalestudents.(Para.2)
i)Itsconsequence:
Thishasatremendousimpactonthelearningprocess.
ii)Thereasonforthis:
Activeclassroomparticipantsdevelopmorepositiveattitudesandgo
ontohigherachievement.
iii)Twoexamples:
a.Inmanyoftheformerall-women’scolleges,theboyswere“takingover”theclassroom
discussionsandactiveparticipationbywomenstudentshaddiminishednoticeably.
b.Asimilarsubordinationoffemaletomalestudentshasalsobeenobservedinlawandmedicalschoolclassroomsinrecentyears.
B.Teachersassignedboysandgirlsdifferenttasksaccordingtostereotypedgenderroles.
(Para.3)
i)Itsconsequence:
Thispreventedgirlsfromparticipatingasactivelyasboysinclass.
ii)Anexample:
Ateacherhadthelittleboysperformthescientific“experiment”whilethe
girlsweregiventhetaskofputtingthematerialsaway.
C.Gender-biasededucationisalsoreflectedinthetypicalAmericanteacher’sassumption.(Para.4)
i)Theassumption:
Boyswilldobetterinthe“hard”,“masculine”subjectsofmathand
sciencewhilegirlsareexpectedtohavebetterverbalandreadingskills.
ii)Threeexamples:
a.Americanboysdodevelopreadingproblems,whilegirls,whoaresuperiortoboysinmathuptotheageofnine,fallbehindfromthenon.
b.InGermany,allstudiesareconsidered“masculine”,anditisgirlswhodevelopreadingproblems.
c.InJapan,whereearlyeducationappearstobenonsexist,bothgirlsandboysdoequallywellinreading.
3)Theeducationalbiasbeginsathome.(Para.5)
A.Supportingevidence:
i)Boypreschoolerswerepermittedtogoawayfromhomeinamuchwiderareathangirl
preschoolers.
ii)Boyswereencouragedtodevelopintellectualcuriosityandphysicalskills,whilegirlsare
filledwithfearsoftheworldoutsidethehomeandwiththedesiretobeapprovedoffor
their“goodness”andobediencetorules.
B.Theconsequencewhentheselessonscarryoverfromthehometotheclassroom:
Girlsaregenerallyobservedtobemoredependentontheteacher,moreconcernedwiththe
formandneatnessoftheirworkthanitscontent,andmoreanxiousaboutbeing“right”in
theiranswersthaninbeingintellectuallyindependent,analytical,ororiginal.
C.Conclusion:
Throughtheeducationalprocessthatoccupiesmostofthechild’swakinghours,
societyreinforcesitsestablishedvaluesandturnsouteachsexinitstraditionalandexpected
mold.
2.UnderstandingSpecificInformation
1)C2)B3)B4)D5)C6)D
Vocabulary
1.1)genetic2)assign3)noticeably4)approved5)Bias
6)deprived7)constituted8)participation9)unintentional10)postgraduate
2.1)unconscious6)negative
2)discourage7)inferior
3)indirectly8)unbiased–fair
4)nonsexist9)unlimited
5)independent10)inappropriately
3.1)C2)D3)A4)E5)B6)C7)F8)B
Translation
1)carryoverintopersonal
2)callingontheboysmoreoften
3)gettingallthelaundryputaway
4)hasfallenbehindacademically
5)who’sgoingtotakeover
Unit4Creativity
Post-Reading
ReadingComprehension
1.UnderstandingtheOrganizationoftheText
1)Introduction(Para.1)
Itisintroducedinthe
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