more how to give a bad talk.docx
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more how to give a bad talk.docx
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morehowtogiveabadtalk
HowtoDeliveraBadPresentation:
WaystoConfuse,Bore,orAnnoyYourAudienceduringaPowerPointPresentation
August2007
ReprintedfromTechSoup
Ifyou'vebeenworkingatanonprofitforanyperiodoftime,chancesareyou'veenduredatleastone—andpossiblyquiteafew—boringorirritatingpresentations.Regardlessofwhetherthepresentermumbled,fidgeted,orsimplyfailedtokeeptheaudience'sattention,badpresentationscanwastetime,costmoney,andevendamagereputations.
Yetevenifyouhaveminimalpublic-speakingexperience,youcanstillgiveaneffective,interestingpresentation.Halfthebattleissimplynotengaginginthebehaviorsthatcanturnaudiencesoff.Byavoidingthefollowingall-too-commonmistakes,you'llbewellonyourwaytoasuccessful,informativepresentation.
1.Skipthepracticesessions.
Evenifyouknowyoursubjectmatterlikethebackofyourhandorhavegivendozensofsimilartalks,it'sstillagoodideatowalkthroughyourpresentationafewtimesbeforeyoutakeitinfrontofacrowd.
Practicingyourpresentationoutloud—preferablyinfrontofafriend,colleague,videocamera,orevenamirror—canhelpyoutroubleshootallaspectsofyourspeech.Usethispracticetimetomakesureyourprojectorworks,yourvoicecanbeheardfromthebackoftheroom,andthatyourtalkdoesn'trunovertime.Adryruncanalsohelpyouperfectyourbodylanguageandtone,whichstudieshaveshowncanhavejustasmuchofanimpactonyouraudienceastheactualcontentofyourpresentation.
Ifyouareusinganoverheadprojectororothervisuals,makeanotecardforeachslideoutliningsupportinginformationforthemainpointsyouplantoaddress.Don'twriteoutyourentirespeechword-for-wordonnotecards,however;thenotesaremerelytheretokeepyourspeechfocusedandorganizedandtoprovideasafetynetshouldyouloseyourtrainofthought.
2.Readfromyourslidesverbatim.
Whilepresentationslidescanhelpvisuallyhighlightthemainpointsofyourtalk,onemajorpresentationfauxpasisreadingdirectlyfromthoseslideswithoutaddinganyadditionalinformation.
Infact,readingdirectlyfromaslideisthemostcommonslipuppresentersmake,accordingtoAndyGoodman,authorofthebookWhyBadPresentationsHappentoGoodCauses.
"EverywhereIgo,whenIaskpeople'What'sthenumberoneproblemyouhavewithpresenters?
'"saidGoodman,"readingtheslidealwayscomesback,withoutfail."
Insteadofrepeatingexactlywhatyou'vewritten,elaborateontheslide'smainideaswithadditional,contextualinformation.Otherwise,youraudiencemaywonderwhyyourpresentationwasevennecessary."Ifallyou'redoingisreadingpointsoftheslide,"saidGoodman,"thenwhynotjustprintouttheslides,handthemtopeople,andcallthewholemeetingoff?
"
3.Stareatyournotes,handouts,orthefloor.
Whileyouwillneedtoglanceatyournotesperiodicallytokeepyourspeechontrack,trytokeepyourheadupandfacingtheaudienceasmuchaspossible.
Facingtheaudiencenotonlyhelpsyoumakeeyecontactwithindividualmembersbutitalsoallowsyoutoprojectyourvoicebetter,whichwillcomeinespeciallyhandyifnomicrophoneisavailable.
4.Speakinmonotone.
Ifyouwanttokeepyouraudienceengagedandexcitedaboutyourpresentation,yourtoneofvoiceneedstoconveyasimilarenthusiasm.Afterall,howcananaudiencestayinterestedinyourpresentationifyouyourselfsoundboredwithit?
Toavoidspeakinginmonotone,trytalkingtoyouraudienceinaconversationalstyle;pretendthatinsteadoftalkingtoagroupofpeople,youarechattingwithjustoneperson.Evenifyoursubjectmatterisdry,maintainingalivelytoneofvoicewillhelpensurethatyoudon'tmakemattersduller.
5.Talkreallyfast,thenreallyslowly.
Whilevaryingthetoneofyourvoicecanhelpkeepyouraudiencefromnoddingoffduringyourpresentation,youwillprobablywanttomaintainafairlyconsistentrhythmtoyourspeech.
Ifyouspeaktooquickly,youraudiencemaymishearormisinterpretyou.Andifyoutalktooslowlyorinterjectyourpresentationwithtoomanypauses,"ums,"or"ers,"youraudiencemaylosepatienceorconfidenceinyouandstarttozoneout.Formaximumeffectiveness,striveforahappymedium;ifyou'reunsurewhereyourspeechfalls,thisisagoodtimetogetasecondopinionortorecordandplaybackyourdelivery.
6.Assumeyouraudienceknowsasmuchasyoudo.
IfyoudesignedandcreatedaslideshowforyourpresentationusingaprogramsuchasOpenOfficeImpressorMicrosoftPowerPoint,alloftheinformationprobablymakescompletesense—atleasttoyou.Youraudience,however,maybeonlyvaguelyfamiliarwithorevenbrandnewtothesubject.
Makesureyouraudienceunderstandswhythetopicathandisimportant.Givepotentiallyconfusingpointscontextbyprovidingbackgroundinformation;findawaytorelatenewconceptstosomethingyouraudienceisalreadyfamiliarwith.
Takecare,however,nottooverburdenyouraudiencewithtoomuchinformation;otherwise,youmaytakefocusoffofyourmainsubjectandriskderailingyourpresentation.
7.Takequestionsattheendofyourpresentationonly.
Aneffectivepresentationislessaboutlecturingyouraudienceandmoreaboutengagingthem.Therefore,giveparticipantsafewmomentstoaskforclarification,raiseadditionalpoints,orprovideinputthatotheraudiencemembersmayfinduseful.
Onemistakethatmanypresentersmakeiswaitinguntiltheendofthepresentationtotakequestionsfromtheaudience,accordingtoGoodman.Hesuggeststhatpresentersinsteadholdthequestion-and-answerperiodafterthey'vegiventhebulkoftheirpresentation,thendevotethelastcoupleofminutestoapreparedclosingstatement.
"Youwanttostartstrongandyouwanttoendstrong,"saidGoodman,"becausethethingsthey[theaudience]aregoingtorememberthemostarewhenyoufirstwalkedintotheroomandwhenyousaidgoodbye."
Goodmannotesthatbecausesomeaudiencemembersmayaskquestionsthatareoff-topic,nonsensical,orevenhostile,endingyourpresentationwiththequestion-and-answerperiodputsyouatriskforleavingabadfinalimpression.
8.Failtohaveabackupplan.
Technicaldifficultiesareafactoflife,andifyoubelieveinMurphy'sLaw,yourbigpresentationwillfallonthesamedaythateveryelectronicdeviceinyourbuildingacquiressomebizarrequirk.
Murphy’slaw "Anythingthatcangowrong,willgowrong"
9.
Incaseofpowerfailures,equipmentmalfunctions,andotherunforeseensnags,haveabackupplan.Bringvisualsandothersupportmaterialsthatdon'trequiretheuseofanelectricaloutlet.
Thiskindofbackupcanbeespeciallyhelpfulifyou'regivingthepresentationusingunfamiliarequipment;ifforsomereason,youcan'tgetyournewslideprojectortowork,youcanhandoutprintedcopiesorgiveyourpresentationusingawhiteboard.Ifyou'regivingapresentationinanotherlocation,callaheadtofindoutwhatmaterials(dry-eraseboard,markers)theyhavethatyoucoulduseintheeventofatechnicalglitch.
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