新世纪实用英语写作第五章.docx
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新世纪实用英语写作第五章
徐州工程学院教案
20 —20学年第学期第周星期
课题名称(含教材章节):
CollegeEnglish(NewCenturyPracticalEnglishWritingChapterFive)
教学目的和要求:
1)understandwhatcriticalthinkingisandthefunctionofcriticalthinkinginwriting
2)beabletoidentifydifferencesamongfourtypesofargumentativewriting
3)bewell-acquaintedwiththewritingskillsofeachtype
4)developanessayongiventopic
5)evaluateeachother’sessay
教学重点:
1)Comparative-argumentativeessay
2)Pro-and-conessay
3)Inductiveanddeductiveessay
4)Causeandeffectessay
教学难点:
1)Usefulexpressionsusedineachtypeofargumentativeessays
2)Developgoodargumentativeessaysongiventopics
徐州工程学院教案纸
教学内容(要点)
ChapterFive
DevelopingCriticalThinkingSkillsinWriting
1stperiodand2ndperiod
SectionOneCriticalThinkingandWriting
TeachingObjectives:
1)Studentsknowwhatcriticalthinkingis;
2)Studentslearnsomecriticalthinkinginwriting;
TeachingContents:
1.WhatisCriticalThinking
.analyzingcapacity分析能力
b.summarizingcapacity概述能力
c.synthesizingcapacity综合能力
d.reasoningcapacity推理能力
e.appraisingcapacity评价能力
2.CriticalThinkinginWriting
a.Advancingathesis
Thewritershouldposethefollowingquestionsinhisthesis:
1)Whydoyouwanttodoit?
2)Whydoyoubelieveit?
b.Issuesinvolvedinadvancingathesis
1)Differencesbetweentopicandtheme:
作用
例子
效果
标题
提出需要解决的问题
OriginsoftheGreatEnglishVowelsshift
引起读者的注意力或兴趣
主题
引发读者思考
TheGreatEnglishVowelsShiftistheresultofthedynamicinteractionsofthespeakersovertime.
引发读者不同的看法或观点
2)Threecriticalquestionscanhelptochooseathesis:
Doesthethesisassertanarguableopinion?
Doesthethesisrespondtoaconcernorquestionatissue?
Doesthethesislenditselftoreasonedsupport?
c.Argumentation
Anconvincingthesisshouldanswerthefollowingquestions:
1)Whatisthequestionatissue?
2)Whatistheauthor’spointofview?
3)Dotheauthor’sreasonselicitreaders’belief?
3.LogicalReasoning
a.InductiveReasoning(归纳推理)
b.DeductiveReasoning(演绎推理)
4.CommonLogicalFallacies
a.HastyGeneralization(轻率的概括)
b.FalseAnalogy(虚假的类比)
c.Equivocation(模棱两可)
d.Either...or...Reasoning(两者取一)
e.BeggingtheQuestion(循环论证)
f.RedHerring(转移注意力)
g.Self-Contradiction(自相矛盾)
h.PostHoc/FalseCause(错误的因果关系)
i.ArgumenttothePeople(利用人的偏见)
j.ArgumenttothePerson/AdHominem(用情感代替理智)
k.ArgumenttoIgnorance(诉诸无知)
l.Bandwagon(人云亦云)
m.Overgeneralization(过度概括)
n.NonSequitur(无前提的推理)
o.GuiltbyAssociation(语义株连)
SectionTwoArgumentativeWriting
TeachingObjectives:
1)Studentsknowfourcompositiontypesinwriting;
2)Studentsknowwhatacomparative-argumentativeessayis;
3)Studentslearnhowtodevelopacomparative-argumentativeessay.
TeachingContents:
1.Comparative-ArgumentEssay
比较型议论文主要用于比较一个事物的不同方面,或几种相似的事物的不同之处,多有涉及某一事物的正反、利弊、优劣等两方面的问题,如:
•advantagesanddisadvantages
•benefitsandproblems
•positiveandnegativeaspects
•similaritiesanddifferences
•successandfailure
SampleOne:
TheAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofStudyingAbroad
StudyingoverseashasbeenacceptedasadesirableoptionformanyChinesefamilieslately.Obviously,itpromisesagreatrangeofrewards.Inthefirstplace,it’sachancetohaveaccesstoadvancedscienceandtechnologyaswellasdesirableworkingconditions,whichisbarelyavailableathome.Inaddition,exposedtoentirelynewideasandcustoms,onecanpolishhisforeignlanguageandhasawonderfulexperience.
However,studyingabroadmightaswellbecomethesourceofendlesshardships.Aboveall,learningaforeignlanguageisfarfromaneasythingatthebeginningforalmosteveryone.Besides,acompletelynewenvironmentconstitutesabarriertooverseasstudents,whichisespeciallytruetotheyoung.Anadditionaldifficultyliesinthefinancialpressureforfamiliesleftbehind.Itcanbeverycostlytostudyabroad.
Ithasalwaysbeenaharshdecisiontomake,anditissensibletotakeintoconsiderationalltherelevantfactors,whichincludefinancialconditions,accessibilityofhelpincasesofemergencyandthestudents’adaptabilitytonewsurroundings.Personally,Iredeemthatgoingabroadpromisesmorechances.
SampleTwo:
ThePositiveandNegativeAspectsofOnlineShopping
Oneofthecontroversialissuestodayisonlineshopping.Accordingtoarecentsurvey:
alargeproportionofthepublicusedtoshoponlineandanevengreaterproportionisplanningtogiveitatry.
Shoppingonlineisnotonlyafashion,butitsadvantageshavealsobeenwellrecognized.Convenienceandlowpricescanalwaystopotherstobethebestreasonsforsomeconsumerstochooseinternettodotheirshopping.Noonecandenythemanybenefitsthatithasbroughtabout.However,everythingalwayshasprosandcons,andit’sthesamecasewithonlineshopping.Deceptionandpoorqualityareoftenlistedasthemosttroublesomeproblemswiththiswayofpurchasing.Andwhat’smoreimportantisthataslongaswegoonshoppinginavirtualworld,theseproblemsseemtobeunavoidable.
Inordertomakethebestoutoftheonlineshoppingaswellasavoidpotentialrisks,Isuggestthatweshouldnotshopthiswayunlesswearetoooccupiedtodoitinthemallinperson,ortheshopsonlineareownedbyourfriendsoracquaintances.Onlyinthiswaycanweenjoyonlineshoppingtothefull.
UsefulExpressions:
ItisgenerallyacceptedthatA…,butIbelieveB…
TomostpeopleAandBarethetwobasicwaysinwhich…
TherearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesofAandB.
ThemostobviousadvantageofA/Bisthat…
Forexample,…
Anotherbenefitisthat…
Theproblem,however,isthat…
Onthecontrary,B…
Besides,B…
Eachcoinhastwosides.
AscomparedwithA,Iwouldrather…
BothAandBshouldbewellcombinedtoachievethebestresult.
2.Homework:
GoingonaSelf-touroraPackageTour
3rdperiodand4thperiod
SectionTwoArgumentativeWriting
TeachingObjectives:
1)Studentsknowwhatapro-and-conessayis;
2)Studentslearnhowtodevelopapro-and-conessay.
TeachingContents:
1.Revision
Studentsexchangetheiressaystofindoutthecomparativeargumentationsandthetypicalexpressionsusedintheirpartner’sessays,andgiveamark.
2.Pro-and-ConEssay
TwotypesofPro-and-ConEssay:
a.AorB类型
b.Myviewon类型
SampleOne:
IsStressaBadThing?
“Ican'tstandthepressureandcompetition,"explainedonefriendofminewhenaskedwhyhedecidedtoquithishighly-paidbutdemandingpositioninhiscompanyrecently.Myfriendmayhavehisownreasons,butIdon'tthinkhisdecisioniswiseinreality.
Itistruethatmyfriend'scaseisnotunique.Inthelastfewyearsquiteanumberofmenandwomenhavechosentodosomethinglesscompetitiveatthecostofacomfortable,easylifeahighly-paidjobcanobtain.Theyareafraidthatthestressesandstrainsofworkwillrobthemofjoyandhappinessanddothemharmbothphysicallyandmentally.Infact,however,stressisn'tthebadthingitisoftensupposedtobe.Unlessitgetsoutofcontrol,acertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovidemotivationandchallenge,andtogivepurposeandsignificancetoanotherwisemeaningless,idlelife.Peopleunderstresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotentialandtoactualizetheirownpersonalworth-theveryaimofahumanlife.
Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylifeandthereisnowaytoavoidit.Whatwecandoistodevelopouradaptiveabilitiestodealwithitratherthantoescapefromit.
SampleTwo:
WhyWeWork
Whydowework?
Theanswersdifferfromonepersontoanotherbecausetheyadoptdifferentattitudestowardswork.Somepeoplelivetowork.Theydevotethemselvestotheirwork.Theaimforwhichtheyworkistorealizethevalueoflife,topromotethedevelopmentofsocietyandtomakemorepeoplelivehappily.Theymakegreatcontributiontosocietyandatthesametimetheyalsofindpleasurefromtheirwork.
Onthecontrary,otherpeopleworktolive.Theyregardworkasawayofmakingaliving.Thepurposeforwhichtheyworkistokilltimeortomakeenoughmoneytosupportthemselvesandtheirfamilies.Theyoftenconsiderworkaswhattheyhavetodo.Sotheycan’tpickuppleasureandenjoymentfromtheirwork.Suchpeople,oncetheycanaffordtosupportthemselvesandtheirfamilies,perhapsquittheirwork.
Inmyopinion,weshouldn’tgototheextremes.Sincewearemembersofsociety,weshoulddowhatwecantobetteritsothatwecanliveinmorecomfortableandmoreconvenientsurroundings.Goodlifeisanassuranceofsmoothwork.Onlywhenwerealizethiscanwelivehappilyandworkwell.
3.Homework:
PetRaising
5rdperiodand6thperiod
SectionTwoArgumentativeWriting
TeachingObjectives:
1)Studentsknowwhataninductiveanddeductiveessayis;
2)Studentslearnhowtodevelopaninductiveanddeductiveessay;
3)Studentsknowwhatacauseandeffectessayis;
4)Studentslearnhowtodevelopacauseandeffectessay.
TeachingContents:
1.Revision
Studentsexchangetheiressaystofindouttheprosandconsandthetypicalexpressionsusedintheirpartner’sessays,andgiveamark.
2.InductiveandDeductiveEssay
TwotypesofPro-and-ConEssay:
a.HoworWhat类型
b.SuggestionorMeasure类型
SampleOne:
Achievingcontentment
“Contentmentisnaturalwealth,andluxuryisartificialpoverty,”andthisiswhatSocrateshastoldus.Formanyofus,ithasbeeningrainedintoourlivesthattheproperwaytodiffusediscontentistopurchasetheoutwarditemthatisseeminglycausingthediscontentment.
However,wewerefrustratedwithclutter.Wediscoveredthetimethatwaswasted
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