高考英语阅读理解推理判断题解题指导.docx
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高考英语阅读理解推理判断题解题指导.docx
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高考英语阅读理解推理判断题解题指导
高考英语阅读理解推理判断
高考英语阅读理解考纲关于阅读理解部分考纲要求:
阅读部分要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能:
(1)理解主旨要义;
(2)理解文中具体信息;(3)根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义;(4)做出判断和推理;(5)理解文章的基本结构;(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
需要特别说明的是,考试说明中强调:
“阅读部分要求学生读懂选自英语原版书籍、报纸和杂志(含网络版)的关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息。
文体包括记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文等。
”网络版英语文章也有可能成为阅读理解命题的材料。
1.Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.
Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?
A.Theydevelopedveryfast.
B.Theywerelargeinnumber.
C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.
D.Theywerecloselyconnected.
"IhaveaspeciallovefortheFrenchGuianesepeople.Ihaveworkedthereonandoffforalmosttenyears?
"saysGin."I'vebeenabletokeepfirmfriendshipswiththem.ThusIhavebeenallowedtogainaccesstotheirlivingenvironment.Idon'tseeitasalawlessland.Butratherseeitasanareaoffreedom."
30.WhatisGin’sattitudetowardsthelivesoftheindigenousGuianese?
A.Cautious.B.Doubtful.
C.Uninterested.D.Appreciative.
2.Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互动)withitswaiter,theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience."it'snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband.”saysDunn."Butinteractionswithperipheral(边缘的)membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.”
Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?
A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.
B.Itraisespeople'sconfidence.
C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.
D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.
3.Despiterecentadvancementsin3Dfoodprinting,theindustryhasmanychallengestoovercome.Currently,mostingredientsmustbechangedtoapaste(糊状物)beforeaprintercanusethem,andtheprintingprocessisquitetime-consuming,becauseingredientsinteractwitheachotherinverycompleteways.Ontopofthat,mostofthe3Dfoodprintersnowarerestrictedtodryingredients,becausemeatandmilkproductsmayeasilygobad.Someexpertsareskepticalabout3Dfoodprinters,believingtheyarebettersuitedforfastfoodrestaurantsthanhomesandhigh-endrestaurants.
Whatisthemainfactorthatprevents3Dfoodprintingfromspreadingwidely?
A.Theprintingprocessiscomplicated.
B.3Dfoodprintersaretooexpensive.
C.Foodmaterialshavetobedry.
D.Someexpertsdoubt3Dfoodprinting.
4.“The‘ifitbleeds’ruleworksformassmedia,"saysJonahBerger,ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania."Theywantyoureyeballsanddon’tcarehowyou'refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon'twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.”
WhatcanweinferaboutpeoplelikeDebbieDowner?
A.They'resociallyinactive.
B.They'regoodattellingstories.
C.They'reinconsiderateofothers.
D.They'recarefulwiththeirwords.
5.
December15,2014
DearAlfred,
Iwanttotellyouhowimportantyourhelpistomylife.
Growingup,IhadpeopletellingmeIwastoostow,though,withanIQof150+at17,I’amanythingbutstupid.ThefactwasthatIwasfoundtohaveADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍).Anxiousallthetime,Iwasunabletokeepfocusedformorethananhouratatime.
Thankyou.You’vegivenmehopethatIcanfollowmyheart.Forthefirsttime,IfeelgoodaboutmyselfbecauseImdoingsomething,notbecausesomeonetoldmeIwasdoinggood.Ifeelwhole.
Thisiswhyyou'resavingmylife.
Yours,
Tanis
8.Taniswrotethisletterinorderto__________________
A.explainwhyshewasinterestedinthecomputer
B.sharetheideasshehadforherprofession
C.showhowgratefulshewastothecenter
D.describethecoursesshehadtakensofar
5.ConflictisonthemenutonightatthecaféLaChope.Thisevening,asoneveryThursdaynight,psychologistMaudLehanneisleadingtwoofFrance’sfavoritepastimes,coffeedrinkingandthe“talkingcure”.Heretheyarelearningtogetintouchwiththeirtruefeelings.Itisn’talwayseasy.Theycustomers-somethirtyParisianswhopayjustunder$$2(plusdrinks)persession-carequicktointellectualize(高谈阔论),slowtoopenupandconnect.“Youareforbiddentosay‘onefeels,’or‘peoplethink’,”Lehanetoldthem.“Say‘Ithink,’‘Thinkme’.”
WhatarepeopleencouragedtodoatthecafeLaChope?
A.Learnanewsubject
B.Keepintouchwithfriends.
C.Showofftheirknowledge.
D.Expresstheirtruefeelings.
6.InancientEgypt,ashopkeeperdiscoveredthathecouldattractcustomerstohisshopsimplybymakingchangestoitsenvironment.Modernbusinesseshavebeenfollowinghislead,withmoretactics(策略).
……
Whenitcomestothesellingofhouses,businessesalsousehighlyrewardingtactics.Theyfindthatcustomersmakedecisionsinthefirstfewsecondsuponwalkinginthedoor,andturnitintoabusinessopportunity.ACaliforniabuilderdesignedthestructureofitshousessmartly.Whenenteringthehouse,thecustomerwouldseethePacificOceanthroughthewindows,andthenthepoolthroughanopenstairwayleadingtothelowerlevel.Theinstantviewofwateronbothlevelshelpedsellthese$10millionhouses.
WhatistheCaliforniabuilder’sstoryintendedtoprove?
A.Thehousestructureisakeyfactorcustomersconsider.
B.Themorecostlythehouseis,thebetteritsells.
C.Anoceanviewismuchtothecustomers’taste.
D.Agoodfirstimpressionincreasessales.
Haveyoueverdreamedofhavingafashionablewatchofgreatvalue?
AsmallwatchmakerinSwitzerlandin1922designedthefirstautomaticwatchtoshowtheday,month,anddate...Today,itissohardtogetanoriginalwatchthatsomewatchhistoriansareevenwillingtooffer$200,000forone.
Thesewatchesattractedalotofpeoplefortheirsplendidcolor,fashionablesty,andnewusesinthe1920s...
Today,youareofferedthesamekindofwatchwithimprovement.Ithasa24-jewelmechanicalmovement...
Youcangetthewatcheitherinpersonorbymailallanaffordableprice.Youwillalsoreceivegoodservicefromthewatchseller.Ifyouarenotsatisfiedwiththewatchafteryougetit,youmaysimplyreturnitwithin30days.Don'tmissthechancetorealizeyourdream.
题目Thepassageisprobablytakenfroma___________________
A.reportB.magazine
C.textbookD.sciencebook
7.Abouttwentyofushadbeenfortunateenoughtoreceiveinvitationstoafilm-studio(影棚)totakepartinacrowd-scene.Althoughour“act"wouldlastonlyforashorttime,wecouldseequiteanumberofinterestingthings.
……
Thenextscenewasacompletecontrast(对比).Thewayitwasfilmedwasquiteunusual.PicturesinfronttakenonanislandinthePacificwereshownonaglassscreen(幕).Anactorandactressstoodofthescenesothattheylookedasiftheywereatthewater’sedgeonanisland.Byasimpletricklikethis,palmtrees(棕榈树),sandybeaches,andblue,clearskieshadbeenbroughtintothestudio!
Sinceitwasourturnnext,wewereleftwonderingwhatscenewouldbepreparedforus.Forafullthreeminutesinourliveswewouldbeexperiencingtheexcitementofbeingfilm"stars"!
Whatwouldhappeninthe"threeminutes"mentionedinthelastparagraph?
A.Anewscenewouldbefilmed.
B.Morestarswouldactinthefilm.
C.Theauthorwouldleavethestudio.
D.Thenextscenewouldbeprepared.
1.细节推断AnewcollectionofphotosbringsanunsuccessfulAntarcticvoyagebacktolife.
FrankHurley’spictureswouldbeoutstanding----undoubtedlyfirst-ratephoto-journalism---iftheyhadbeenmadelastweek.Infact,theywereshotfrom1914through1916,mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck(海滩),byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectationofsurvival.Manyoftheimageswerestoredinanicechest,underfreezingwater,inthedamagedwoodenship.
13.WhatdoweknowaboutthephotostakenbyHurley?
A.Theyweremadelastweek
B.Theyshowedunderseasceneries
C.Theywerefoundbyacameraman
D.Theyrecordedadisastrousadventure
2.写作意图推断
Successfulpeopleininternationalbusinessunderstandtheculturesofothercountriesandlearntochangetheirpracticesindifferentcultures.Theyunderstandtheimportanceofavoidingbusinessdecisionsbasedonmisconceptions---mistakenideas.
Onecauseofmisconceptionsisethnocentrism,thebeliefthatone’sownculture’swayofdoingthingsisbetterthanthewayofothercultures.It’sethnocentrismthatleadstofailureininternationalbusiness.Toavoidethnocentrism,it’snecessarytostudythedifferentelements(组成部分)ofculture:
language,valuesandattitudes,andcustomsandmanners.
Aknowledgeofthelocallanguagecanhelpinternationalbusinesspeopleinfourways.…
Valuesarepeople’sbasicbeliefsaboutthedifferencebetweenrightandwrong,goodandbad.Anattitudeisawayofthinkingoracting.Valuesandattitudesinfluenceinternationalbusiness.…
Customsarecommonsocialpractices.Mannersarewaysofactingthatthesocietybelievesarepolite.…
64.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthisarticleistotellpeople_________.
howtotakearightattitudeinbusiness
B.howtoavoidmisunderstandingsinbusiness
C.howtousealocallanguageinbusiness
D.howto
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