上海高三春考备考语法状语从句.docx
- 文档编号:6393689
- 上传时间:2023-01-06
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:21
- 大小:90.80KB
上海高三春考备考语法状语从句.docx
《上海高三春考备考语法状语从句.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《上海高三春考备考语法状语从句.docx(21页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
上海高三春考备考语法状语从句
一、专题知识梳理
I.状语从句(AdverbialClause)
定义:
状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。
作用:
修饰主句中的动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
类别
例句
.时间状语从句;(adverbialclauseoftime)
Onceyoubeginthework,youmustcontinue.
地点状语从句;(adverbialclauseofplace)
Wherethereiswater,thereislife.
原因状语从句;(adverbialclauseofcause)
Sinceyouareverybusy,Iwon'ttroubleyou.
.条件状语从句;(adverbialclauseofcondition)
As(So)longasyouworkhard,youcancatchupwiththeotherclassmates
目的状语从句;(adverbialclauseofpurpose)
Hestudiedhardsothathecouldcatchupwithhisclassmates.
结果状语从句。
(adverbialclauseofresult)
Heissuchagoodteacherthatthestudentsloveandrespecthim
让步状语从句;(adverbialclauseofconcession)
Childassheis,sheknowsalotofthings.Nomatterwhenyoucome,youarewarmlywelcome.
.比较状语从句;(adverbialclauseofcomparison)
IndiaismuchbiggerthanJapan.
方式状语从句;(adverbialclauseofmanner)
Wemustdoeverythingashetellsus
分类:
根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较状语从句。
在句中位置:
状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起,从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
二、专题精讲
III.状语从句的时态特点
一般情况下,时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”,用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。
例如:
IwillcallyouassoonasIarriveinBeijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。
(这是由assoonas引导的时间状语从句,从句中的谓语动词arrive是一般现在时,表示一般将来时,决不可用willarrive)
AssoonasIhavefinishedthiswork,Iwillgohome.我一完成此工作,就回家。
(从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时havefinished,表示将来完成时,决不可用willhavefinished)
Ifhecomesback,pleaseletmeknow.如果他回来了,请通知我。
(从句中的谓语动词用comesback,表示一般将来时,决不可用willcomeback)
三、专题过关
一、专题知识梳理
状语从句考点
一.时间状语从句
1.when/while/as
<1>when引导的从句中既可以是可延续的v,也可以是非可延续的v.
eg:
I’llphoneyouagainwhenIgethome.
ThetelephonerangwhenIwassleeping.
<2>while引导的从句中只能为可延续的v,还表示两个动作同时发生具有对比的意味,主从时态相同.
eg:
IwonderwhathappenedwhileIwassleeping.
WhileIplayedthecomputer,mysisterdidherhomework.
<3>as引导的从句中既可以是可延续的v,也可以是非可延续的v.
★表示发展变化的情况
eg:
Astimepassed,thingsseemedtogetbetter.
★表示“一边…一边…”
eg:
Ashewasreading,hewasshakinghishead.
2.until/till
<1>until=till,指某一持续的动作持续到某一时间点为止。
eg:
Iworkedasaworkeruntil/till2008.
<2>notuntil“直到…才…”,放在句首时主句倒装。
eg:
NotuntilIfoundasecurejobdidIownacar.
3.since
<1>主句现在时,从句过去时。
eg:
Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleftthiscity.
↓↓
现在完成时一般过去时
<2>Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since+过去的时间点
eg:
Itis/hasbeenalongtimesinceweparted.
4.before“…才…”Itisalongtimebefore…
eg:
Itwasalongtimebeforepeoplegotthefloodundercontrol.
Itwillbealongtimebeforewemeetagain.
5.引导时间状从的n短语,如themoment,theday,thetime,thefirsttime,eachtime,bythetime,
nexttime,其后不再加when。
eg:
ThemomentIgettheticket,I’llsenditdirectlytoyou.
ThefirsttimeIwroteanEnglisharticle,Imademanymistakes.
6.bythetime到某一时间点为止,主句一般用完成时。
eg:
Bythetimehewas12,hehadtravelledtomanycountries.
7.表示“一…就…”的引导词
<1>assoonas/immediately/directly/instantly
eg:
I’llgiveyouananswerassoonas/immediately/directly/instantlyI’vefinishedworking.
<2>nosooner…than=hardly/scarcely…when句首倒装;时态
eg:
Ihadnosoonerbeguntotalkthanherangoff.
→NosoonerhadIbeguntotalkthanherangoff.
↓↓
过去完成时一般过去时
<3>at/on+n/V-ing
eg:
Atthenews,sheburstintotears.
Onherarrivalatthecountryside,shefelthappy.
→Onarrivingatthecountryside,shefelthappy.
二.地点状语从句
常用的地点状语从句的引导词where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere
eg:
Juststaywhereyouareanddon’tmove.(地点状从)
→Juststayintheplacewhereyouareanddon’tmove.(定从)
三.原因状语从句
1.because/since/as/for
<1>because语气最强,通用。
<2>since和as语气较弱,从句一般位于主句之前。
eg:
Sinceyoucan’tdoit,youshouldletmehaveatry.
既然
AsIdon’tknowtheway,Iaskedapoliceman.
由于
<3>for前面必须有“,”隔开,一般表示对前面内容的解释和推断。
eg:
Itmustbesnowing,foritissobrightoutside.
<4>nowthat“既然”
eg:
I’mgoingtorelaxnowthattheschoolyearisover.
<5>inthat=because
eg:
Theexperimentisworthtrustinginthatitisbasedonscientificfacts.
<6>forthereasonthat+同位语从句,解释reason的内容。
eg:
ForthereasonthatIdidn’tworkhard,Ifailedintheexam.
四.目的状语从句
1.sothat=inorderthat(从句中常含有may/might/will/can/could)
eg:
Speakloudersothatallthepeopleinthehallcanhearyou.
2.forfear(that)“惟恐,以防”虚拟
eg:
I’mworkinghardforfearthatIshouldfail.
3.incase“以免,以防”
eg:
Takeahatwithyouincasetheweatherisveryhot.
4.目的状从与不定式的转换,主语一致。
eg:
We’llsitinthefrontofthehallsothatwecanhearbetter.
→We’llsitinthefrontofthehallsoasto/inordertohearbetter.
五.结果状语从句
1.sothat
eg:
Wemovedtothecountrysothatwewereawayfromthenoisycity.
2.so...that...“如此…以至于”
<1>so+adj/adv+that
eg:
ThetextwassoboringthatIgaveupreadingit.
<2>so+many/few/much/little+n+that
eg:
Hegotsolittlemoneythathisfamilyhadtoliveonwelfaremoney.
3.such…that…
<1>such+a/an+adj+可数n+that
eg:
Itwassuchaterribledaythatnoneofuswouldgoout.
<2>such+adj+不可数n+that
eg:
Youputforwardsuchpracticaladvicethatwe’resuretowin.
4.so…that…把so放句首,主句倒装。
eg:
Socarelesslydidhedrivethathewasnearlygotkilled.
六.条件状语从句“主将从现”
1.Ifitsnowstomorrow,wewillbuildasnowman.
2.Youwillbelateagainunlessyouhurry.
“除非”=if…not
3.As/Solongasyoupromisetocome,I’llwaitforyouuntilyoucome.
只要
4.I’lldoitonconditionthatyouhelpme.
只要
七.让步状语从句
陈述语序
1.句首放adjYoungassheis,sheknowsalot.
尽管
2.句首放nPopstarassheis,shestillneedstoimprove.
3.句首放vFailasIdid,Iwouldnevergiveup.
八.方式状语从句
1.as“像…一样…”
eg:
WillyoupleasedotheexperimentasIamdoing?
2.asif=asthough“好象”
<1>从句内容为事实或具有很大可能性,用陈述语气。
eg:
Itseemsasiftheboyhaslosthisway.
<2>从句内容不是事实,为主观想象,用虚拟语气。
eg:
Theinjuredmanactedasifnothinghadhappenedto
二、专题精讲
状语从句难点解析
◆时态◆
1.主将从现
主将从现是指在在复合句中,由when,assoonas,after,before,until等引导的时间状语从句和由if,unless引导的条件状语从句,都符合“主将从现”的原则,即主句是一般将来时(或用一般现在时表示一般将来时的意义),从句要用一般现在时。
通常分为三类情况:
(1)主:
(一般将来时);从:
(一般现在时).
IwillcallyouassoonasIarriveinNewYork.
(2)主:
(祈使句);从:
(一般现在时).
Don’tlaughatmewhenImakeamistake.
(3)主:
(含有情态动词的一般现在时);从:
(一般现在时).
Youshouldbequietwhenyouareinthereadingroom
【各区模拟卷相关试题】
1.Mary______toworkinthewestofChinaaftershegraduatesfromuniversity.
A)goesB)willgoC)wentD)would
2.Iwillgivehimthenewsassoonashe_______backfromBeijingtomorrow.
A)comeB)willcomeC)comesD)came
3.Sam______ustheresultassoonasthemanagermakesadecision.
A)tellsB)hastoldC)willtellD)wouldtell
4.MayDayiscoming.Myfamily______tohaveabarbecueifitdoesn’train.
A)goesB)willgoC)wentD)havegone
5.TheBrowns_______apartyinthegardenifitisfinethisweekend.
A)haveB)willhaveC)werehavingD)had
6.Ifitrainsheavily,we_______someindooractivitiesinsteadofplayingfootball.
A)doB)willdoC)didD)havedone
7.Youwillknowitsmeaningifyou_______itupinthedictionary
A.lookB.looksC.willlookD.looked
8.Sam,______meifyoucan’tworkoutthereportalone.
A)callB)willcallC)callingD)called
2.when引导时间状语从句,主从句时态问题
when既可表示某一时间点,也可表示某一时间段;
在when引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词既可是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生,也可在其后发生。
主句遵循的时态则需看与从句动词的先后关系。
(1)主:
(一般将来时);when从:
(一般现在时).(主从句动作尚未发生)
Iwilltellhimwhenhecomesback.(主将从现)
(2)★主:
(过去进行时);when从:
(一般过去时).(从句动作在主句动作中发生)
WhenIgothome,momwaspreparingforthedinner.
(3)主:
(过去完成时);when从:
(一般过去时).(主句动作在从句动作前完成)
WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadbeenonforfiveminutes.
(4)主:
(一般过去式);when从:
(过去进行时).(主句动作在从句动作中发生)
ImetmyteacherwhenIwaswalkinginthestreetyesterdayafternoon.
【各区模拟卷相关试题】
1.I_________dinneratmyfriend'shousewhenyoucalledmeyesterdayevening.
A.hadB.havehadC.washavingD.arehaving
2.I______mybicycletoWandaPlazawhenitsuddenlybegantorain.Iwasallwetthrough.
A)amridingB)wasridingC)rodeD)hadridden
3.They________abouthowtoprotectourearthwhenIentered.
A)willtalkB)havetalkedC)aretalkingD)weretalking
4.Tom______areportwhenItelephonedhimyesterdayafternoon.
A)wroteB)iswritingC)waswrittenD)waswriting
5.WhenIcameintotheroom,Arthur_____acomputergameexcitedly.
A)playedB)wouldplayC)wasplayingD)hasplayed
6.Mr.Liandhisson______TVwhenJiaozhouRoadfirestarted.
A)wouldwatchB)watchedC)werewatchingD)arewatching
7.TheBrowns__________dinnerwhenIrangthem.
A.arehavingB.hadC.washavingD.werehaving
8.They______loudlyabouttheirworkwhenIwenttoseethem.
A)aretalkingB)weretalkingC)willtalkD)wouldtalk
9.Whenwegottothecinema,thenewdisasterfilm"2012"'_______.Wemissedthebeginning.
A)beganB)hadbegunC)hasbegunD)willbegin
10.WhenIgotupinthemorning,therain_______already.
A)stopsB)willstopC)hasstoppedD)hadstopped
3.before引导时间状语从句,主从句时态问题
(1)主:
(一般将来时);before从:
(一般现在时).(主从句动作尚未发生)
IwillreturnhomebeforeIgooutwithyou.
Remembertoturnoffthelightbeforeyouleave.
(2)★主:
(过去完成时);before从:
(一般过去时).(主句动作在从句动作前完成)
Theyhadknowneachotherbeforetheygotmarried.
【各区模拟卷相关试题】
1.Iwillfinishmyhomeworkbeforeyou____backtomorrow.
A.willcomeB.comesC.wouldcomeD.come
2.Lindaandherfather________eachotherformonthsbeforetheymetyesterdayafternoon.
A.haven’tseenB.didn’tseeC.hadn’tseenD.wouldn’tsee
3.Mr.Marko________manycountriesbeforehestartedtowo
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 上海 高三春考 备考 语法 状语 从句