腐败治理廉政管理中英文对照外文翻译文献.docx
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腐败治理廉政管理中英文对照外文翻译文献.docx
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中英文对照外文翻译文献
(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)
CombatingCorruptionandManagingIntegrityinMalaysia:
ACriticalOverviewofRecentStrategiesandInitiatives
Abstract
TheGovernmentofMalaysiahasmadecontinuouseffortsandputinplaceanelaboratesetofstrategiesandinstitutionsaimedatcombatingcorruptionandpromotingintegrityinthesociety.Thenation’santi-corruptiondrivehaslatelyreceivedamajorboost.TheBadawigovernmentthatcametopowerin2003following22yearsoftheMahathireradeclaredcontainingcorruptionasitsmainprioritywhichwasfollowedbyaseriesofconcretemeasures.However,thegovernmentalattemptsandstrategiesinMalaysiaappeartohavemetwithlittlesuccess,asevidencedbythecurrentdatathatsuggestsentrenchedcorruptioninthesociety.Evidenceshowsthatdespite governmental campaigns and initiatives, corruption has remained
acute,widespreadand,infact,worsenedinrecentyears.Thispaperpresentsacriticaloverviewoftheanti-corruptionstrategiesbeingfollowedinMalaysiaandexplorestheproblemsandlimitationsofthecurrentapproachtofightingcorruptionandmanagingintegrityinthesociety.
Keywords
Corruption.Publicintegrity.Governance.Politicization.PatronageandMoneypolitics
Introduction
Althoughcorruptionisnotanewphenomenon,latelyithasbecomeamatterofgrowingconcernallovertheworld.Thisispartlybecauseofthechangingeconomicandpoliticalenvironmentaroundtheglobeandpartlybecauseofthegrowingconsensusinbothacademicandpolicycirclesofthenegativeimpactsofcorruptiononsocio-economicdevelopment.Nowthereisafargreaterappreciationthaninthe
pastthatcorruptionisnotonlymorallywrong,itexactsaheavytollonanation’sprosperity.Corruptionunderminesgoodgovernance,distortspublicpolicy,leadsto
misallocationofresourcesandhurtseconomicgrowth(Bardhan1997;Rose-Ackerman1999).Consequentlygovernmentsandinternationalagencieshavedivertedmucheffortssearchingforeffectivemeasurestocontrolthismenace.Thishasproducedavarietyofstrategiesandinstitutionalinnovationsaroundtheworld.ApopularchoicehasbeentheestablishmentofastrongandcentralizedanticorruptionagencymodeledalongthelinesofthoseinSingaporeandHongKongwithclearmandatestoconfronttheproblemsofcorruption.Elsewhere,amultipleagencyframeworkhasbeenadoptedwhichinvolvescreatingand/orstrengtheningofanti-corruptioncapacitiesacrossseveralgovernmentalagencies(Meagher2005).Buttheresultsachievedarefarfromuniform:
whilesomecountrieshaveachievedconsiderablesuccessincontainingcorruption,othershavefailedtomakesignificantheadwaysdespitehavingfollowedsimilaranti-corruptionreformsandstrategies.Attemptstodrawlessonsforpolicytransfershaveproveddifficult(Klitgaard1988;Quah2003)giventhedifferencesinthecontextsandahostofotherfactor.Thusthereisagenerallackofagreementonwhat
approachesworkandwhatexplainsthesuccessandfailureofanticorruptionstrategies.Notwithstandingthis,combatingcorruptionorpromotingintegrityhasbecomeamajorcomponentofgovernmentalreformsinmanycountries.Malaysiaisnoexceptiontothisrule.InappreciationofthesignificanceofgoodgovernanceforsustainedeconomicgrowthandprosperitygenerallytheMalaysiangovernmenthasreneweditscommitmenttofightingcorruption.WhiletheAntiCorruptionAgencywassetupin1967withclearmandates,itwasreformedandrevitalizedsubsequentlytomakeitmoreEffectiveincontainingcorruptionandallformsofmaladministrationinthesociety.Since2003fightingcorruptionhasbeenfirmlyontheagendaofthegovernment:
varietyofnewinitiativesandstrategieshavebeendevisedandimplementedeversince.Takentogether,Malaysiahasanelaborateanti-corruptionframework.YetMalaysiapresentsaninterestingcase:
thelevelofcorruptionhasremainedhighandtheplethoraofstrategiesandtherecentcampaignsappeartohavemadehardlyanydifferenceincontainingandCombatingcorruptioninthe
society.ThispaperpresentsacriticaloverviewofMalaysia’santi-corruptionstrategieshighlightingsomeoftheirdrawbacksandlimitations.Itbeginswithabrief
reviewoftheliteratureoncorruptionandanti-corruption,whichisfollowedbyanoverviewofinstitutionalstrategiesandrecentinitiativesforcombatingcorruptionandmanagingintegrityinthesociety.“Explainingtheresults:
limitationsofthe
anti-corruptionstrategies”providesananalysisoftheinadequaciesandlimitationsof
thecurrentapproachtofightingcorruptionandmanagingintegrity.Finally,theconcludingsectionofthepaperoutlineskeylessonsandpolicyimplicationsforbolsteringtheeffectivenessofanti-corruptiondrivesandstrategies.
Developmentssince2003
Since2003corruptionhasbecomeacentralissue
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- 腐败 治理 廉政 管理 中英文 对照 外文 翻译 文献