名词性从句学案.docx
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名词性从句学案.docx
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名词性从句学案
名词性从句学案
公司内部档案编码:
[OPPTR-OPPT28-OPPTL98-OPPNN08]
名词性从句学案
名词性从句(NounClauses)
课前热身:
判断以下句子中划线部分属于什么句子成分。
Hisjobisimportant.
Whathedoesisimportant.(主语)
Idon’tlikehisjob.
Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.()
Thisishisjob.
Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.()
Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.
Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.(同位语)
一、概念:
在复合句中起作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
二、分类:
可分为四类:
主语从句、、表语从句和。
三、名词性从句的连接词:
从
属
连
词
词形
词义
在从句中所作的成分
连
接
代
词
连
接
副
词
四、主语从句(thesubjectclause)
(一)结构:
Thatheisreadytohelpothersiswell-known.
Whetherhewillattendthemeetingisnotdecided.
Whowillgoisnotimportant.
WhenhewillleavefortheUnitedStateshasn’tbeendecided.
用正确的连接词填空
1.thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffiscertainnow.
2.Mr.Liuwillattendthemeetingdependsontheweather.
3.shesaidishardtounderstand.
4.leavestheroomlastmustturnoffthelights.
5.willwonthematchisstillunknown.
theEnglishpartywillbeheldhasnotyetbeenunknown.
(二)用it作形式主语的句型有:
1)
Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.
Itisprobablethathetoldhereverything.
2)
It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.
It’sstillaproblemwhethertheywillgo.
3)
ItissaidthatMrGreenhasarrivedinBeijing.
ItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman-madesatellite(人造卫星)intoorbit.
4)
ItseemsthatAlicewillnotcometothepartyatall.
IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.
ItoccurredtomethatIhadforgottenmykeyintheoffice.
5)
Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.
(三)主谓一致:
1)在含有一个主语从句的主从复合句中,主句的谓语动词一般用。
Thatweneedmorecars___(be)obvious.
2)由两个或多个引导词引导一个从句时,谓语动词用。
Whereandwhenthemeetingwillbegin________(havenot)beendecidedyet.
(四)主语从句练习用适当的连接词填空
the2000OlympicsgameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.
2.wecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwehave.
3.Itworriedherabitherhairwasturninggray.
4.isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.
learnEnglishwellisverynecessaryinmoderntimes.
willholdthemeetingdependsontheweather.
7.Itsurprisedushecametotheweddingparty.
toldyouwasalie.
9.Itwashesaiddisappointedme.
五、宾语从句(theobjectclause):
(一)结构:
1.Ithink(that)watchingTVtoomuchisbadforpeople’shealth.
2.Canyoutellmewherethenearestpostofficeis
3.Theteacherwaspleasedwithwhatshehassaid.
4.I’msurethatyouwillmakegreatprogress.
(二)注意:
1.做动词的宾语:
1)大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后:
Hedoesn'tknowwherethepostofficeis.
2)有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语:
HetoldmewhatIshouldread.
2.做情感或态度形容词的宾语,that常省略.
I’mhappy(that)youhavewrittenmesoon.
3.做介词的宾语有两个重要词组:
inthat:
因为,由于,在于;
except/butthat:
除…之外,只是。
除此之外,介词后常用what/who/when/where/how….
1)Yourcompositionisverygoodexceptthattherearesomespellingmistakes.
2)Theoryisvaluableinthatitcanprovideadirectionforpractice.
3)Didshesayanythingabouthowweshoulddothework
Theseareasaresimilar____theyhaveheavyrainfallsduringthesameseason.
4.it作形式宾语,构成句型:
1)make/feel/find/believe/consider=think=suppose+it+adj/n.+that从句:
使/觉得/发现/相信/认为…
Wemakeitclearthatanyonewhobreakstherulewillbepunished.
HethoughtitsurprisingthatJeanhadfailedtheexam.
2)it指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用:
like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/enjoy/prefer+it
+if或when从句
Ihateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled.
Ilikeintheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.
3)takeitforgrantedthat…:
想当然认为….;认为…是理所当然的。
Itook_______forgrantedthateveryonelikescomputergames.
5.关于宾语从句中不省略that的情况:
1)当有两个或者两个宾语从句时,从第2个从句中that不能省略.
Hesaidthathedidn’taccepttheconditionandthathewoulddoitifIchangeditaccordingtohisopinion.
2)that引导的宾语从句放在句首时.
ThathewillcomeherenextweekIsurelyknow.
作动词后接宾语从句,肯定句由whether/if引导,否定句由that引导.
Idoubt____________hewillattendthemeeting.
Idon’tdoubt_____hewillattendthemeeting.
(三)宾语从句练习单句改错(每句中有一处错误。
)
1.CouldyoushowmewhatIcangettothenearesthospital
2.Idon’tknowwhomhastakenmypen.
3.Hethoughtithewasthebeststudent.
4.Youmustmakeitarulewhatyouputawayyourthingswheneveryouusethem.
5.Itmakesherworriedsheisputtingonweight.
6.Irememberwherewehadourlessonsinashed(棚子).
7.Afterwhenseemedaverylongtime,Iopenedmyeyesandfoundmyselfinbed.
8.Shanghaihastakenonanewlook.Itisn’tlikehowitusedtobe.
六.表语从句(thepredicativeclause)
(一)结构:
1.ThatiswhyIdidn'tattendthemeeting.
2.Theproblemiswhetherwecanworkoutagoodplansoon.
3.Hissuggestionisthatweshouldgetdowntoworkatonce.
4.Thefactremainsthatwearefarbehindthem.
5.Itlooksasif/thoughthestadiumiscoveredbyagraynetofsteel.
(二)注意:
1.look,remain等系动词后均可跟表语从句.
2.asif/though也可引导表语从句
Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.
3.Thereasonwhy…isthat……的原因是…
Thatisbecause…:
那是因为…(表原因)
Thatiswhy…:
那就是为什么…(表结果)
1)Thereasonwhyhewaslatewas_______hemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.
2)Hewasill.Thatwas_______hewaslateforschool.
3)Hewaslateforschool.Thatwas________hewasill.
4)Thefactisshedoesn’tlikepopmusic.
5)MytroubleisIdon’thaveenoughexperience.
6)Thequestionis_______hewillbepresentornot.
7)Whattroubledhimwashecouldgetthemoney.
(三)表语从句练习用适当的连接词填空
1.Thiswas______wegetthere.First,wetookabus.Thenwewalkandatlastwehadtotakeataxi.
2.______puzzleduswaswecouldn’tfindaneffectivewaytoimprovethemachine.
3.Timeisveryvaluable.Theproblemiswemakegooduseofourtime.
4.Energyis____makesthingswork.
七、同位语从句(theappositiveclause)
(一)结构:
Iheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.
Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere.
(二)可以跟同位语从句的名词:
news,hope/wish,promise,word(消息),idea,fact,question,problem,suggestion/advice,opinion,possibility,message,order,truth,chance,doubt,requirement,thought,belief,feeling等。
(三)同位语从句有时可被别的词把它和它所说明的名词隔开,常构成一些句型。
1.Thereispossibility/achancethatitwillrainnextweek.
2.ThereisnodoubtthatEnglishisdifficulttolearn.
3.Ihavenoideathatsheisfamouspopstar.
(六)同位语从句练习用适当的连接词填空
1.WearequitepleasedwiththeresultChina’steamhaswon150goldmedals.
2.TheyagreedwithyourideayouwouldgotoShanghai.
3.Hehasmadeapromisehewillcometomeetmehere.
4.Thefactsheworkshardiswellknowntousall.
八、名词性从句考点归纳:
考点一:
区别that与what.
考点二:
区别whether与if.
考点三:
it作形式主语或形式宾语.
考点四:
虚拟语气问题.
★考点一:
that与what的区别;that和whether的区别使用:
(一)thatvs.what
Whathesaidmakesmehappy.
Thatanewteacherwillcomeistrue.
总结:
that:
无意义,在从句中不充当任何成分,且在宾语从句中有时可被省略。
what:
有意义,理解为“什么;所…的东西/事情/话”。
在从句中作主语、、
表语、。
小练兵:
用that或what填空
hewantsisabook.
2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.
3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.
4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.
5.Is_____hetoldustrue
6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.
7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.
8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.
9._______mattersisnotwhetheryoufailornot,butwhetheryoutryornot.
10.Whetherwayswillbefoundtostoppollutionornotisjust_______worriesthepublic.
11.Youmustdowell_____theteacherasksyoutodo.
12.______surpriseduswas_____thelittleboycanspeakveryfluentEnglish.
(二)thatvs.whether
小练兵:
用that或whether填空
1.__________shewillcomeiscertain.
2.__________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
3.---Whataboutseeingafilm
---Thequestionis__________we’llhaveenoughtime.
4.Ioftenwonder__________animalshavethesamesenseashumans.
总结:
that:
无疑问之意,很确定。
whether:
有疑问之意,不确定,没把握。
★考点二:
If与whether的区别
1.引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句只用whether.
2.介词后的宾语从句只用whether.
do前用whether
ornot连在一起时不用if,分开时可用whether或if.
小练兵:
用if或whether填空
1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.
2.wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.
3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.
4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.
5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.
6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.
doctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion______theoldmanwillrecoversoon.
8.Idon’tknow_______togo.
youarenotfreetomorrow,I’llgowithoutyou.
★考点三:
it作形式主语或形式宾语
用it或that填空:
1.Manypeopleconsider________necessarythatweshouldprotectourenvironmentasmuchaspossible.
2.Iwouldappreciate_______ifyoucanwritetomeassoonaspossible.
3._______islikelythathehasleft.
★考点四:
虚拟语气问题
虚拟语气可以用在:
1.主语从句2.宾语从句3.表语从句4.同位语从句
虚拟语气一般和表坚持,命令,建议,要求的词有关联.
注意:
表坚持,命令,建议,要求的词
(一)个坚持:
insist
(二)个命令:
order,command
(三)个建议:
suggest(suggestion),advise(advice),recommend(recommendation)
(四)个要求:
require(requirement),request,demand,desire
1.在主语从句中:
1)Itis+形容词(strange/surprising,natural/important/necessary/)+that从句(〈should〉do)
Itisstrange/surprisingthathe__________(leave)withoutsayinggoodbye.
Itisnecessary/importantthatwe__________(master)aforeignlanguage.
2)Itis+过去分词(insisted/ordered/suggested,advised,recommended/required,requested,demanded,desired)+that从句(〈should〉do)
.It’ssuggestedthatthefamilyplan__________(carryout)firmly.
2.在宾语从句中
insist/order/suggest,advise,recommend/require,request,demand,desire+that从句
(shoulddo)
.Johnsonsuggestedtheproblemworthpayingattention__________(discuss)atthemeeting.
3.在表语从句和同位语从句:
order,advice,suggestion,recommendation,demand,request,requirement,desire+
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